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Oznaczanie siarkowodoru w próbkach biologicznych

Chwatko G.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2010

[Z] 64, 3-4

243-262

Hydrogen sulfide is a well known toxic gas that has recently been synthesized from the amino acids by the use of two enzymes (Fig. 1): cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ-lyase [1–3, 16, 17]. Hydrogen sulfide is a signaling molecule of the inflammatory and nervous systems, and in particular the cardiovascular system where it regulates vascular tone, cardiac work, and exerts cardioprotection [2, 3, 16,17, 16–21, 29]. The endogenous metabolism and physiological functions of H2S position this gas well in the novel family of gasotransmitters together with nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. This review summarizes the methods of hydrogen sulfide determination in biological samples. Biological tissue preparation procedures can include different steps: homogenization [7, 9, 10, 12, 19, 23–25, 29, 32–35], H2S release from tissues [9–14, 29], derivatization (Scheme 1–3) [1, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 23–25, 29], and deproteinization [23–25, 30, 31, 33, 42, 43]. Finally analysis is possible by various methods, including spectrophotometry [6, 8, 11, 23–25, 34], high-performance liquid chromatography [6, 12–14, 29, 31, 41], gas chromatography [9–11, 27, 29, 32], potentiometry [22, 35, 36, 45] and polarography [19, 30]. However, there is much doubt about the reliability of the assay methods used. Determination of hydrogen sulfide is often hindered by numerous artifacts, as: the instability of sulfide, its high volatility, its great susceptibility to oxidation, its adherence to various materials (e.g. glass). This might lead to artificially elevated or lowered levels and explains the large discrepancy among the various reports.