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Ships-to-ship magnetic mooring systems – the new perspectives

Kołakowski P., Rutkowski G., Łebkowski A.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2023

Vol. 17 No. 4

841--851

Each type of ship must have appropriate mooring systems adapted to the fact that after the end of the voyage and shutdown of its propulsion, it is moored and is not exposed to the dangers related to the negative influence of external factors. Moreover, the mooring of two ships of different and/or similar sizes at sea for transshipment or service always requires special techniques and special care to ultimately avoid damage to the vessel throughout the approach or breakage of the lines due to excessive loads. As reported by the UK P&I Club, mooring incidents are among the top seven types of insurance claims. Most of the vessels still use traditional mooring systems, knowns for centuries. Despite changes in regulations to reduce the number of incidents, also new technologies related to the mooring of ships began to develop. This article provides a review of the latest research focuses, applications, and future perspectives regarding mooring systems mainly related to ship-to-ship interaction. Moreover, a new device called Mobile Electromagnetic Mooring System (MEMS) has been introduced and described. Finally, modern mooring systems' challenges and future perspectives have been discussed.

Approach manoeuvre during emergency ship-to-ship transfer operation with oil spill

Witkowska A., Śmierzchalski R., Wilczyński P.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2017

Vol. 11, no. 2

331--337

One of the major activities during Ship to Ship (STS) transfer operation at sea is to safe approach the Ship to be Lightered (SBL) which moves on a constant heading with slow speed or drifting. In the paper described the manoeuvring problem for approaching during emergency STS transfer operation with oil spill. The approach manoeuvre is considered as a sequence of navigation manoeuvres in specific navigational environment with environmental and operational constraints as well as ship dynamic performance. Additional constraints results from STS transfer operation guide and navigation practise.