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Factors influencing the accumulation of Pb in sediments of deep and shallow dam reservoirs

Czaplicka A., Szarek-Gwiazda E., Ślusarczyk Z.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2017

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Vol. 46, No. 2

174--185

EN

The study determines the differences in Pb accumulation in sediments of dam reservoirs with respect to locations of the old river beds and their depth (deep Czorsztyn Reservoir and shallow Goczałkowice Reservoir in southern Poland). Parameters (grain size, organic matter content and reservoir depth) that may influence the spatial distribution of Pb concentrations in the sediments were analyzed. Based on the hierarchical cluster analysis, sediment samples from the reservoirs were ranked with respect to particle size distribution. We found differences in the spatial distribution of grain size and organic matter in the studied reservoirs, caused mostly by the topography of these reservoirs. The spatial distribution of Pb concentrations in the sediments of the Czorsztyn Reservoir (range 4.8-35.8 μg g-1) and the Goczałkowice Reservoir (range 11.3-59.4 μg g-1), regardless of their average depth and their type (dimictic, polymictic), depends on the distribution of silty clay and clay fractions, organic matter and reservoir depth. Therefore, Pb spatial distribution was more regular in the Czorsztyn Reservoir than in the Goczałkowice Reservoir. Locations of the old river beds had a significant impact on the Pb distribution in the sediments of both reservoirs.

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Rola płytkiego nizinnego zbiornika zaporowego w układzie "rzeka-zbiornik-rzeka" Część II. Przemiany i bilans związków fosforu w zbiorniku Słupsko

Kostecki M., Nocoń W.

Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska

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2010

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T. 13, nr 4

245-257

PL

Przedstawiono wpływ płytkiego nizinnego zbiornika zaporowego Słupsko (Górny Śląsk) na zmiany stężeń i ładunków związków fosforu w Potoku Toszeckim. Zbiornik Słupsko funkcjonuje w warunkach wysokiego obciążenia zewnętrznego fosforem, co stwarza warunki dla degradacji tego ekosystemu. Bilans fosforu wykazał, że zbiornik nie zmniejsza dopływającego ładunku fosforu, zatem z punktu widzenia ochrony zbiornika Pławniowice jego rola jest niewielka. Zbiornik Słupsko na obecnym etapie swojego funkcjonowania i w aktualnych uwarunkowaniach zmienia mineralne formy fosforu na organiczne. Odwrotna zależność wielkości ładunków fosforu od wielkości przepływu na dopływie do zbiornika oraz widoczny efekt rozcieńczania wskazują na równomierne w czasie wprowadzanie do wód związków fosforu na terenie zlewni. Ustalenie źródeł pochodzenia fosforu na terenie zlewni zbiornika oraz ich eliminacja wydatnie poprawi jakość wody zarówno w Potoku Toszeckim, jak i w zbiornikach Słupsko i Pławniowice.

EN

The influence of a shallow, lowland dam-reservoir (the Słupsko reservoir in Upper Silesia) on the changes of concentration and loads of phosphorus in the Potok Toszecki is presented. The Słupsko reservoir functions in the high phosphorus external load conditions, what causes its degradation. The phosphorus budget showed that only small amount of the phosphorus load inflowed to the reservoir is reduced. In this case the role of reservoir for protection of the Pławniowice reservoir is not important. At the present phase of the reservoir functioning and in the current environmental conditions, in the Słupsko dam-reservoir mineral forms of phosphorus change to the organic forms. The inverse function relationship between phosphorus loads and velocity of flow as well as the dilution effect show that the regular load of phosphorus is introduced from the catchment area. Location of phosphorus sources in the Słupsko dam-reservoir basin and their elimination could improve the water quality in the Potok Toszecki as well as in the Słupsko and the Pławniowice dam-reservoirs.

3

Replacement of chroococcales and nostocales by oscillatoriales caused a significant increase in microcystin concentrations in a dam reservoir

Grabowska M., Pawlik-Skowrońska B.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2008

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Vol. 37, No.4

23-33

EN

A two-year study on cyanobacterial development and the dynamics of intracellular microcystins was carried out in a shallow dam reservoir. Potentially toxic cyanobacteria (Microcystis wesenbergii, M. aeruginosa, Woronichinia naegeliana, Anabaena spp., Planktothrix agardhii) were observed to be the main component (70-94% total biomass) of the phytoplankton community, in which species composition was unstable and was very different between the 2005 and 2006 summer seasons. Generally, total phytoplankton, cyanobacterial biomass and total microcystin (MC) concentrations in the reservoir were much higher in 2006 than in 2005. The highest MC concentration (173.8 žg MC-LR equivalent dm-3) was seen in 2006 during P. agardhii (Oscillatoriales) domination (max. fresh biomass 50.3 mg dm-3; above 91% of phytoplankton biomass). Positive correlations between microcystin concentrations and cyanobacterial biomass suggest that populations of Nostocales and Oscillatoriales in 2005 and Oscillatoriales (P. agardhii) in 2006 may have been the main producers of MCs in the reservoir. The strong increase in P. agardhii biomass concomitant with a decrease in the total biomass of Chroococcales and Nostocales was responsible for the increase in MC concentration in the Siemianówka dam reservoir.