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1

Czy za snem kryje się chemia?

Kalisz Paulina, Kosińska Edyta

Analit

|

2023

|

Nr 13

46--49

PL

Sen ma fundamentalne znaczenie dla emocjonalnego i fizycznego zdrowia człowieka. Jego nieodpowiednia ilość jest znanym czynnikiem ryzyka zachorowania na otyłość, cukrzycę, choroby serca oraz depresję. Dorosły człowiek poświęca mu około jednej trzeciej swojego życia. Jednak skąd organizm wie, kiedy powinien zapaść w sen? Badania pokazują, że wiele części mózgu bierze udział w procesach produkcji hormonów i substancji chemicznych, które regulują zarówno sen jak i czuwanie. W niniejszym artykule opisano wpływ rytmu dobowego, melatoniny, adenozyny, neuroprzekaźnika GABA oraz kofeiny na ten stan fizjologiczny.

EN

Sleep is fundamental to a person's emotional and physical health. Its insufficient quantity is a known risk factor for obesity, diabetes, heart disease and depression. An adult devotes about one-third of his or her life to it. However, how does the body know when it should fall asleep? Research shows that many parts of the brain are involved in the production of hormones and chemicals that regulate both sleep and wakefulness. This article describes the effects of diurnal rhythm, melatonin, adenosine, the neurotransmitter GABA, and caffeine on this physiological state.

2

Sleep deficit and managers’ functioning in stressful situations

Kraczla Magdalena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2021

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z. 153

259--272

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the relationship between the daily sleep index of managers and their behaviour in stressful situations. Design/methodology/approach: The article presents an overview of the determinants that influence how people in managerial positions choose to deal with stressful situations, a subject well described in psychological literature. This choice is determined by requirements and organizational context and is developed based on one’s personal experience. This personal propensity should also be considered in the context of sleep deficit, which is not uncommon in today’s organisational cultures as lack of sleep for the sake of increased managerial engagement and activity is not only quite commonplace, but is often glorified as a strategy. Findings: The considerations presented in the article indicate that sleep, as an individual resource of every manager, creates the space that is needed for the implementation of appropriate strategies for coping with stress in the workplace. Research limitations/implications: It is worth performing more research on larger sample groups, who would be differentiated according to organizational level and the decision-making independence of the managers being surveyed. Practical implications: As identified by the research presented here, understanding the relationship between sleep deficit and the behaviour of managers in situations of emotional stress could help to create future working conditions that are beneficial for people’s mental well-being and eliminating the consequences of sleep deficit, which can be dangerous for both individuals and their organisations. Social implications: If organisations factored sleep, understood as the ‘right to get enough sleep’, into the well-being criteria for the benefit of their workforce, including their managers, this could help them in their focus on health as a responsibility they are accountable for in business. Originality/value: The article determined the psycho-physical consequences of sleep deprivation as experienced by contemporary managers and the impact of sleep deficit on their behaviour in stressful circumstances. It has been shown that sleep, as a pivotal element contributing to ‘health and energy’, is a key competence resource of every manager.

3

Managers’ sleep deficit and stress-coping strategies in contemporary organisations – empirical analysis

Kraczla Magdalena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2021

|

z. 154

103--119

EN

Purpose: This article seeks to establish whether there is a relationship between the amount of sleep managers have per night and their behaviour when in stressful situations, with particular reference to their choice of coping strategy. Design/methodology/approach: In order to establish the relationship between managers’ sleep duration and their preferred styles of coping with stress, two specific research tools were employed: a Polish adaptation of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and the author’s own questionnaire assessing respondents’ daily hours of sleep. Findings: The research showed that as a variable, sleep deficit is not sufficient to explain the behaviour of managers in situations of emotional stress. However, when treated as an independent variable, sleep duration can be used to identify certain interesting behavioural aspects of managers in their professional environment. Research limitations/implications: It is advisable to extend the research to include a larger research group and to distinguish other variables specific to the functioning of people in managerial positions. Practical implications: The lack of any correlation between the extent of sleep deprivation and behaviours aimed at reducing stress may indicate that these behaviours stem more from specific individual factors (e.g. gender or age) and environmental conditions rather than sleep duration. Identifying these conditions and understanding how they can be modified may help to shape the well-being of managers and their employees. Social implications: If organisations factored sleep duration into their work/health equation, this would help direct their efforts towards ensuring the well-being of their managers, which would lead to increased efficiency and performance. Originality/value: Sleep duration does not appear to be a variable that sufficiently explains the coping strategies employed by managers, as these are more influenced by age and gender, for example. The research showed that the group of managers analysed here did not meet the recommended standards of eight hours sleep a day, with sleep duration being heavily dependent on the respondents’ age.

4

Medical data exploration based on the heterogeneous data sources aggregation system

Opaliński Andrzej, Regulski Krzysztof, Mrzygłód Barbara, Głowacki Mirosław, Kania Aleksander, Nastałek Paweł, Celejewska-Wójcik Natalia, Bochenek Grażyna, Sładek Krzysztof

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2019

|

Vol. 18

591--597

EN

The paper presents the implementation and use of the IT system implemented in the Department of Pulmonology of The University Hospital in Cracow. The system integrates data from heterogeneous sources of therapy, diagnosis and medical test results of patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). The article presents the main architectural assumptions of the system, as well as an example of data mining analyzes based on the data served by the system. The example of the research aims to present the possibilities offered by the integration of clinical data in telemedicine and the diagnosis of patients with sleep disordered breathing that may lead to certain comorbidities and premature death.

5

Zaburzenia snu związane z nadmierną ekspozycją na światło

Orzeł-Gryglewska J.

Polish Journal for Sustainable Development

|

2017

|

T. 21, cz. 2

91--100

PL

Sztuczne światło zakłócające okres nocnego mroku wpływa niekorzystnie na sen. Szczególnie destrukcyjnie działa wieczorne naświetlanie światłem niebieskim. Jedną z przyczyn tych zaburzeń jest blokowanie wydzielania melatoniny, która wspomaga prawidłowy przebieg snu. Niewłaściwe wieczorne oświetlenie pomieszczeń opóźnia zasypianie oraz pojawianie się 2. i 3. stadium snu NREM. Po wieczornym 2-godzinnym naświetlaniu zmniejsza się gęstość mocy fal wolnych w zapisie EEG podczas snu głębokiego. Spanie w oświetlonym pomieszczeniu prowadzi również do spłycenia snu. Regularne opóźnienie pory zasypiania w warunkach niewłaściwego oświetlenia oraz spłycanie snu zmniejsza ilość snu całonocnego i prowadzi do deprywacji snu, której konsekwencje ponosi cały organizm.

EN

Artificial light disturbing period of nocturnal darkness has a negative impact on sleep. A particularly devastating impact on the natural rhythm of sleep and wakefulness is an evening illumination with the blue light. One of the causes of these disorders is blocking the secretion of melatonin, which supports the normal course of sleep. Inadequate lighting of living areas causes a significant increase in sleep onset latency and the latency of stage 2nd and 3rd of NREM sleep. After the evening 2-hour blue light application the power density of the EEG slow waves in deep sleep and the power of the waves of 2-4 Hz were reduced in the first cycle of sleep. Sleeping in an illuminated bedroom leads to the shallow sleep, too. Regular delay of sleep onset caused by an improper lighting and a lower depth of sleep reduces the amount of nightlong sleep and is one of the types of sleep deprivation, the consequences of which shall be borne by the whole body.

6

Właściwości światła niebieskiego

Janosik E., Marzec S.

Polish Journal for Sustainable Development

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2017

|

T. 21, cz. 2

37--46

PL

Światło niebieskie stanowi składową widma promieniowania słonecznego oraz widm wielu źródeł sztucznych. Oprócz generowania wrażeń wzrokowych, ma zdolność oddziaływania na organizm człowieka jeszcze w innym charakterze. Doniesienia naukowe stwierdzają możliwość wpływu światła niebieskiego m.in. na przebieg rytmu biologicznego, na samopoczucie osób starszych, na proces leczenia zmian skórnych. Jednak najlepiej rozpoznanym aspektem oddziaływania światła niebieskiego na człowieka jest jego zdolność do wywoływania uszkodzeń siatkówki oka. W środowisku pracy, domowym i komunalnym stosuje się liczne źródła technologiczne czy źródła oświetleniowe nowej generacji, które w swoim widmie zawierają światło niebieskie, dlatego światło to można uznać za powszechnie występujący czynnik, mogący zagrażać zdrowiu człowieka. W artykule przytoczono wyniki przeglądu literatury oraz informacji w mediach o oddziaływaniu światła niebieskiego na człowieka, celem przybliżenia tego tematu szerszej grupie społeczeństwa.

EN

Blue light is a component of the sun and many artificial sources’ radiation spectrum. This light has capacity for not only creation of visual impression but also affecting the human organism otherwise. In accordance with scientific reports, the blue light may have effect on biological rhythm, elderly persons condition, treatment of skin diseases. But its capacity for retina’s injury is recognized in the best way. There are many technological or modern lighting sources at work, domestic and municipal environment, which emit blue light. We can therefore say that blue light is a common existing factor and unexpectedly may pose a threat to human health. In this article, the review of literature and media information about blue light are reported, to acquaint the society with this subject.

7

Duty hours and incidents in flight among commercial airline pilots

O'Hagan A. D., Issartel J., Fletcher R., Warrington G.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2016

|

Vol. 22, No. 2

165--172

EN

Introduction. Working long duty hours has often been associated with increased risk of incidents and accidents in transport industries. Despite this, information regarding the intermediate relationship between duty hours and incident risk is limited. This study aimed to test a work hours/incident model to identify the interplay of factors contributing to incidents within the aviation industry. Methods. Nine hundred and fifty-four European-registered commercial airline pilots completed a 30-item survey investigating self-report attitudes and experiences of fatigue. Path analysis was used to test the proposed model. Results. The fit indices indicated this to be a good fit model (χ2 = 11.066, df = 5, p = 0.05; Comparative Fit Index = 0.991; Normed Fit Index = 0.984; Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.962; Root Mean Square of Approximation = 0.036). Highly significant relationships were identified between duty hours and sleep disturbance (r = 0.18, p < 0.001), sleep disturbance and fatigue in the cockpit (r = 0.40, p < 0.001), and fatigue in the cockpit and microsleeps in the cockpit (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). Discussion. A critical pathway from duty hours through to self-reported incidents in flight was identified. Further investigation employing both objective and subjective measures of sleep and fatigue is needed.

8

Ktoś nie śpi, aby spać mógł ktoś – sposoby radzenia sobie z negatywnymi aspektami pracy zmianowej

Najder A.

Promotor BHP

|

2015

|

nr 6

28--31

PL

Praca zmianowa dotyczy coraz większej liczby pracowników, już co piąty mieszkaniec Unii Europejskiej pracuje w ten sposób. Zamiast koncentrować się wyłącznie na negatywnych aspektach takiego systemu pracy, zastanówmy się, co można zrobić, aby ograniczyć jego niekorzystne konsekwencje.

9

Relationship between circadian rhythm amplitude and stability with sleep quality and sleepiness among shift nurses and health care workers

Roodbandi A. J., Choobineh A., Daneshvar S.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2015

|

Vol. 21, No. 3

312--317

EN

Introduction: Sleep is affected by the circadian cycle and its features. Amplitude and stability of circadian rhythm are important parameters of the circadian cycle. This study aims to examine the relationship between amplitude and stability of circadian rhythm with sleep quality and sleepiness. Method: In this cross-sectional research, 315 shift nurses and health care workers from educational hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Iran, were selected using a random sampling method. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Circadian Type Inventory (CTI) were used to collect the required data. Results: In this study, 83.2% suffered from poor sleep and one-half had moderate and excessive sleepiness. The results showed that flexibility in circadian rhythm stability, job stress and sleepiness are among the factors affecting quality sleep in shift workers. Discussion: Those whose circadian rhythm amplitude was languid suffered more from sleepiness and those whose circadian stability was flexible had a better sleep. Variables including circadian rhythm stability (flexible/rigid) and amplitude (languid/vigorous) can act as predictive indices in order to employ people in a shift work system so that sleepiness and a drop in quality of sleep are prevented.

10

Możliwości zastosowania terapii infradźwiękowej w leczeniu zaburzeń snu

Kasprzak C.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

|

2009

|

Vol. 15, nr 4

390-392

PL

W pracy przedstawiono rozważania nad możliwością zastosowania infradźwięków, w celu poprawy jakości snu. Przesłanką do sformułowania i podjęcia wstępnych hipotez są wyniki uzyskane z badań nad wpływem fal akustycznych niskich częstotliwości na zmiany w morfologii sygnału EEG.

EN

In this paper, the possibility of application of infrasounds in sleep disorders, is discussed. The reason to perform such study is based on the results of examinations on the influence of low frequency acoustic waves on alterations of EEG signals morphology.

11

Suitability of new methods for pulseoximetric data analysis in screening diagnostics of Respiratory Disorders During Sleep (RDDS)

Hatliński G. J., Kowalski J. K., Kukwa A.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2008

|

Vol. 28, no. 3

27-33

EN

Pulseoximetry is the simplest and the most reliable screening test for diagnosing of Respiratory Disorders During Sleep. Assessment of blood saturation with oxygen is a basic parameter to determine the degree of SAS (Sleep Apnea Syndrome) progression. The authors describe the conventional, but also their own newly developed methods for pulseoximetric data analysis, tested for over 4500 patients. The purpose of these new methods is to give physicians easier and more simple means for evaluating patients after all-night blood oxygen saturation monitoring. Inventiveness of this method lies in the possibility of examining of dynamics of blood oxygen saturation during patient's sleep. All received data are stored and can be reported in special 1-hour step intervals to facilitate comparative analysis of subsequent examinations and assess effectiveness of the treatment.

12

Bedding textiles and their influence on thermal comfort and sleep

Amrit U. R.

Autex Research Journal

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2007

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Vol. 7, no. 4

252--254

EN

Human comfort perceptions in relation to textiles are influenced by tactile perceptions, moisture and thermal interactions. Studies in the thermal comfort of clothing have been done with instrumental techniques as well as with human subjects. There have also been many studies on influence of thermal comfort and sleep. This paper brings together some specific aspects of bedding textiles and their influence on thermal comfort and sleep.

13

Behavioural Reactivation and Subjective Assessment of the State of Vigilance—Application to Simulated Car Driving

Bonnefond A., Roge J., Muzet A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2006

|

Vol. 12, No. 3

221--229

EN

The frequency of some behaviour (such as self-centred gestures) increases during a task that leads to the occurrence of low-vigilance episodes. These gestures can be useful in stimulating oneself. A study carried out in 20 adults has enabled us to state that motor activity (recorded with an actimeter) increases with the duration of a monotonous driving task and sleep deprivation. The analysis of the scores recorded using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale has shown that drivers can assess the deterioration of their state of vigilance according to the actual sleep preceding the driving test. Finally, the joint analysis of the subjective and objective data revealed a co-variation of these two types of indices. We discuss the stimulatory function of the motor activity in a task leading to the occurrence of low-vigilance episodes by investigating, among other things, the use, conscious or not, of this type of activity.

14

Patogenny deficyt motoryczny snu i koncepcja prewencji oddziaływaniami harmonicznymi

Pokora M.

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

|

2005

|

Vol. 1, no. 1/2

89--98

PL

Z różnicy pomiędzy warunkami regeneracji mózgu oraz pozostałych części ciała podczas nocnego wypoczynku wynika systemowy konflikt neurosomatyczny, wywołujący niekorzystny, wielogodzinny deficyt motoryczny snu (DMS). Doniesienia literaturowe potwierdzają zjawisko nasilonego występowania zgonów, a także ostrych objawów chorobowych w nocy oraz rano. Na tej podstawie oparta jest hipoteza, że powszechnie stosowane łóżka są zbyt statyczne, aby zapewniały efektywną i zarazem bezpieczną regenerację całego organizmu. Doświadczenia laboratoryjne potwierdzają pozytywny wpływ kołysania na stan żywej tkanki. Także potwierdzone klinicznie są oddziaływania łóżek kołyskowych na wentylację płuc, profilaktykę bezdechu, poprawę jakości snu, jak również polepszenie cyrkulacji płynów ustrojowych. Dla ograniczenia negatywnych skutków zjawiska DMS zaproponowano koncepcję stymulacji oscylacyjnej snu (SOS). Subtelne, harmoniczne oddziaływania inercyjne mogą przynieść w normie i w patologii korzystne efekty zdrowotne: polepszenie warunków regeneracji organizmu, unormowanie funkcji organów wewnętrznych i systemu nerwowego, a także ograniczenie bezsenności i dolegliwości bólowych.

EN

Different requirements for relax of brain during sleep and for the remaining body nocturnal restoration create systemic neurosomatic conflict which generates many-hour-long sleep motoric deficiency (SMD) unfavourable for health. Reports confirm the enhanced number of deaths and acute health crises during the night and in the morning. The hypothesis based on this phenomenon is that commonly used beds are far too static to secure an effective, safe restoration of the whole organism. Laboratory experience cited corroborates positive influence of rocking on condition of the biologic tissue. Also clinically confirmed are assistive features of the rocking beds for breathing function, for sleep apnea prevention, for improvement of sleep quality and for body fluids circulation. To reduce negative effects of the SMD phenomenon, the concept of sleep oscillatory stimulation (SOS) is proposed. Subtle, harmonic inertial impacts should bring significant health benefits both in normal conditions and pathology, e.g. improvement of conditions for body nocturnal restoration, conditioning of functions of inner organs and nervous system, as well as reduction of sleeplessness and pain.

15

The Effects of the Level of Alertness During the Rest Period on Subsequent Performance

Hirose A., Nagasaka A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2003

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Vol. 9, No. 4

479--490

EN

The aim of this study was to examine how to take an effective rest to prevent a decline in alertness at work. The relationship between alertness during the rest period and subsequent task performance were investigated. The electroencephalogram (EEG) during the rest period was classified into 3 types, and these types had a significant effect on performance after the rest period. Type 1 (increasing in theta, alpha 2, and beta 1 power) was the best one for carrying out the task, whereas performance gradually declined in Type 3 (no change in EEG activity). In the case of Type 1, the method that would relieve sleep inertia bad a more positive impact on performance after the rest period.