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1

An Improved Set-based Reasoner for the Description Logic 𝒟ℒD4,×

Cantone Domenico, Nicolosi-Asmundo Marianna, Santamaria Daniele Francesco

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2021

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Vol. 178, nr 4

315--346

EN

We present a KE-tableau-based implementation of a reasoner for a decidable fragment of (stratified) set theory expressing the description logic 𝒟ℒ〈4LQSR,×〉(D ) (𝒟 ℒD 4,×, for short). Our application solves the main TBox and ABox reasoning problems for 𝒟 ℒ D 4,×. In particular, it solves the consistency and the classification problems for 𝒟 ℒD 4,× -knowledge bases represented in set-theoretic terms, and a generalization of the Conjunctive Query Answering problem in which conjunctive queries with variables of three sorts are admitted. The reasoner, which extends and improves a previous version, is implemented in C++. It supports 𝒟 ℒ D 4,×-knowledge bases serialized in the OWL/XML format and it admits also rules expressed in SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language).

2

Learning OWL 2 Property Characteristics as an Explanation for an RNN

Potoniec J.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 6

1481--1490

EN

We propose an approach to indirectly learn the Web Ontology Language OWL 2 property characteristics as an explanation for a deep recurrent neural network (RNN). The input is a knowledge graph represented in Resource Description Framework (RDF) and the output are scored axioms representing the characteristics. The proposed method is capable of learning all the characteristics included in OWL 2: functional, inverse functional, reflexive and irreflexive, symmetric and asymmetric, transitive. We report and discuss experimental evaluation on DBpedia 2016-10, showing that the proposed approach has advantages over a simple counting baseline.

3

Semantic Knowledge Management System to Support Software Engineers: Implementation and Static Evaluation through Interviews at Ericsson

Demirsoy A., Petersen K.

e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal

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2018

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Vol. 12, nr 1

237--263

EN

Background: In large-scale corporations in the software engineering context information overload problems occur as stakeholders continuously produce useful information on process life-cycle issues, matters related to specific products under development, etc. Information overload makes finding relevant information (e.g., how did the company apply the requirements process for product X?) challenging, which is in the primary focus of this paper. Contribution: In this study the authors aimed at evaluating the ease of implementing a semantic knowledge management system at Ericsson, including the essential components of such systems (such as text processing, ontologies, semantic annotation and semantic search). Thereafter, feedback on the usefulness of the system was collected from practitioners. Method: A single case study was conducted at a development site of Ericsson AB in Sweden. Results: It was found that semantic knowledge management systems are challenging to implement, this refers in particular to the implementation and integration of ontologies. Specific ontologies for structuring and filtering are essential, such as domain ontologies and ontologies distinct to the organization. Conclusion: To be readily adopted and transferable to practice, desired ontologies need to be implemented and integrated into semantic knowledge management frameworks with ease, given that the desired ontologies are dependent on organizations and domains.

4

Semantic web and conceptual modelling

Dospinoiu L., Stefan M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Jana Wyżykowskiego. Studia z Nauk Technicznych

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2017

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Nr 6

183--198

EN

The notion of the Semantic Web has become an oft alluded to concept in the context of many introductory texts since Tim Berners-Lee tried to develop a new extension of the actual WWW. The Semantic Web, to be understood by everyone and to be easy to use needs a well defined model. An attempt to make the conceptual model of SW system cannot be considered to be complete after just specifying the structure and behaviour of the Web. It is also necessary to specify how end users will interact with the resources available on Internet. The problems, the solutions and the architecture of the Semantic Web will be explained in the first part of this research. The next section presents ontologies and their role in the creation of the Semantic Web, how they are created and used as a specification of a conceptualization (Tom Gruber).

PL

Pojęcie Sieci semantycznej stało się często używanym zagadnieniem w kontekście wielu wstępów artykułów od momentu gdy Tim Berners-Lee stworzył nowe rozszerzenie rzeczywistej www. Sieć semantyczna, aby była zrozumiana przez każdego i łatwa w obsłudze, musi mieć bardzo dobrze opracowany model. Próbujemy stworzyć model konsceptualny systemu SW (semantic web). Nie można jednak uznać prac za skończone jedynie określając strukturę oraz działanie sieci. Bradzo istotnym aspektem jest sprecyzowanie w jaki sposób użytkownicy będą nawiązywać interakcję z zasobami dostępnymi w Internecie. Problemy, rozwiąznia i architektura sieci semantycznej zostanie omówiona w części pierwszej tego badania. Kolejna część prezentuje ontologie i ich role w tworzeniu sieci semantycznej, jak są one tworzone i wykorzystywane jako opis szczegółowy konceptualizacji (Tom Gruber).

5

Researche Object as mechanism for ensuring research experiment reproducibility within virtual research environment

Krystek M., Mazurek C., Palma R., Pukacki J., Gomez-Perez M.

TASK Quarterly : scientific bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk

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2017

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Vol. 21, No 4

379--389

EN

A Research Object (RO) is defined as a semantically rich aggregation of resources that bundles together essential information relating to experiments and investigations. This information is not limited merely to the data used and the methods employed to produce and analyze such data, but it may also include the people involved in the investigation as well as other important metadata that describe the characteristics, inter-dependencies, context and dynamics of the aggregated resources. As such, a research object can encapsulate scientific knowledge and provide a mechanism for sharing and discovering assets of reusable research and scientific knowledge within and across relevant communities, and in a way that supports reliability and reproducibility of investigation results. While there are no pre-defined constraints related to the type of resources a research object can contain, the following usually apply in the context of scientific research: data used and results produced; methods employed to produce and analyze data; scientific workflows implementing such methods; provenance and settings; people involved in the investigation; annotations about these resources, which are essential to the understanding and interpretation of the scientific outcomes captured by a research object. The example research object contains a workflow, input data and results, along with a paper that presents the results and links to the investigators responsible. Annotations on each of the resources (and on the research object itself) provide additional information and characterize, e.g. the provenance of the results. Therefore, exploitation of the RO model should be considered as a way to provide additional reliability and reproducibility of the research. The concept of the RO was introduced to the environment created in the EVER-EST project in the form of Virtual Research Environment (VRE). a group of Earth Scientists, who are observing, analyzing and modeling processes that take place on land and see, was examined against their needs and expectations about the possible improvements in their scientific work. The results show that scientist expectations are focused on knowledge sharing and reuse, and new forms of scholarly communications beyond pdf articles as supporting tools of knowledge cross-fertilization between their members. The Research Object concept seems a natural answer for these needs. However, the model, in order to be sufficient and usable, must become a part of the working environment and needs to be integrated with the actual tools. Therefore, great efforts have been undertaken to create a generic, technical solution – VRE , which implements the expected functionalities. In this article we present a concept of the VRE as a tool that takes advantage of the Research Object model in order to integrate and simplify the information exchange, as well as persist, share and discover assets of the reusable research. Moreover, we are presenting example scenarios of the VRE usage in the four different Earth Science domains.

6

Sieć semantyczna : nowe spojrzenie na zarządzanie wiedzą w aspekcie przedsiębiorstwa

Gładysz A.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2017

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R. 18, nr 6

1666--1671, CD

PL

W artykule ukazany został obecny stan oraz rozwój sieci semantycznej w ujęciu aplikacyjnym ukazując wybrane przykłady praktyczne. Zawarty został przegląd najpowszechniej używanych technologii wykorzystywanych w sieci semantycznej: trójki RDF i RDFS, język opisu ontologii OWL, język zapisu reguł SWRL, język definiowania zapytań do struktur semantycznych SPARQL, a ta także systemy wnioskujące. Dokonane zostało syntetyczne przedstawienie wybranych aplikacji semantycznych zarówno komercyjnych jak i typu Open Source. Przedstawione zostały wybrane praktyczne przykłady zastosowań sieci semantycznych.

EN

The article presents the current state and development of the semantic web in terms of application, showing selected practical examples. A review of the most commonly used technologies used in the semantic web: RDF and RDFS triangles, OWL ontology description language, SWRL SWL writing language, SPARQL semantics query language, and application systems. A synthesis of selected semantic applications, both commercial and open source, has been made. Selected practical examples of semantic web applications are presented.

7

On The Complexity of Counter Reachability Games

Reichert J.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2016

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Vol. 143, nr 3/4

415--436

EN

Counter reachability games are played by two players on a graph with labelled edges. Each move consists of picking an edge from the current location and adding its label to a counter vector. The objective is to reach a given counter value in a given location. We distinguish three semantics for counter reachability games, according to what happens when a counter value would become negative: the edge is either disabled, or enabled but the counter value becomes zero, or enabled. We consider the problem of determining the winner in counter reachability games and show that, in most cases, it has the same complexity under all semantics. This constrasts with the one-player case, for which the decision problem is decidable without any elementary upper bound under the first semantics, whereas it is NP-complete under the third one. Surprisingly, under one semantics, the complexity in dimension one depends on whether the objective value is zero or any other integer.

8

Taskradar: task visualisation and monitoring within automotive product development lifecycle using semantic technologies

Softic S., Rosenberger M., Turcin I., Stocker A.

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2016

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Vol. 10, nr 31

124--129

EN

Project management within the automotive production in specific departments is still done separately and does not interact with engineering process. Our work aims on providing flexible data insights on collaboration tasks within such environments. We apply semantic technologies RDF, OWL and SPARQL with a specific domain related ontology PROTARES (PROject TAsks RESources) to interlink, describe and query domain knowledge. As proof of concept we are introducing an experimental visualisation interface called TaskRadar. Our application resides on domain ontology and allows knowledge based browsing and visualisation of tasks in development process. With this example we want to show, how semantically driven customized views can support monitoring and reflection as well as decision-making within the early phases of the automotive product lifecycle.

9

DevOntoCreator: an ontology-based approach to software engineering

Dąbrowska-Kubik K

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2015

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R. 91, nr 3

13-17

EN

This article goal is to present an innovative method to improve the implementation phase of a software development process. This is achieved by an automatic code generation using an ontology definition and an explicit and implicit knowledge of software engineering and web application constructing. The author of this paper proposes the Intelligent Software Engineering using Semantic Network (ISE-SemNet) with the DevOntoCreator tool, which facilitates software engineering. Thanks to ISE-SemNet semantic web, it is possible to increase a software engineering knowledge, which is accessible and understandable, either to human programmers or machines.

PL

Celem tego artykułu jest przedstawienie innowacyjnej metody na ulepszenie fazy implementacyjnej procesu tworzenia oprogramowania. Metoda ta jest oparta na automatycznym generowaniu kodu źródłowego tworzonej aplkacji z wykorzystaniem ontologii, jak również jawnej i ukrytej wiedzy z zakresu inżynierii orogramowania oraz budowania aplikacji webowych. Autorka artykułu proponuje wykorzystanie sieci semantycznej ISE-SemNet (Intelligent Software Engineering using Semantic Network) wraz z narzędziem DevOntoCreator. Dzięki nim jest możliwe wzbogacenie wiedzy na temat fazy implementacyjnej procesu wytwarzania oprogramowania, która jest łatwo dostępna i zrozumiała zarówno dla ludzi jak i maszyn.

10

An Approach for Ontology-Based Information Extraction System Selection and Evaluation

Konys A.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2015

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R. 91, nr 11

205-209

EN

The process of Information Extraction (IE) allows us to retrieve different types of information from natural language text by processing them automatically. Ontology-based information extraction (OBIE) is a subfield of information extraction. An increasing number of existing OBIE system may cause a problem with selection the most suitable solution. The general aim of this paper is to provide an approach for OBIE system selection and evaluation. It should ensure knowledge systematization and help users to find a proper solution that meets their needs.

PL

Zastosowanie ekstrakcji informacji pozwala na pozyskiwanie różnych typów informacji w języku naturalnym, jednocześnie umożliwiając automatyczne jego przetwarzanie. Systemy ekstrakcji informacji oparte na ontologiach są poddziedziną ekstrakcji informacji. Rosnąca ich liczba oraz różnorodność podkreślają ważność problemu, jednocześnie wskazując na możliwość występowania problemu związanego z ich doborem. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja podejścia wspierającego proces doboru i oceny systemów ekstrakcji informacji opartego na ontologiach.

11

Drupal as an important part of a knowledge management system

Karwowski W., Orłowski A.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2014

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R. 90, nr 2

89--92

EN

This paper is concerned with the use of the content management system Drupal to develop prototype system for supporting knowledge management in plant production. Assumptions of knowledge management system for plant production, together with general architecture of such system, are presented. Moreover, methods how to use existing Semantic Web data to enrich site content are demonstrated.

PL

Artykuł skupia się na wykorzystaniu system zarządzania treścią Drupal do zbudowania systemu wspierającego zarządzanie wiedza w produkcji roślinnej. Zostały przedstawione założenia systemu zarządzania wiedzą wraz z ogólną architekturą system. Ponadto przedstawiono metody jak wykorzystać dane istniejące w Internecie semantycznym do wzbogacenia zawartości serwisu internetowego.

12

Systemy CAD/CAE – przewidywane kierunki rozwoju

Jaskulski A.

Mechanik

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2014

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R. 87 nr 11

958--959

PL

Zaprezentowano wyniki analizy rynku systemów CAD/CAE oraz oczekiwania ich użytkowników. Omówiono aktualne obszary badań nad systemami nowej generacji. Wyjaśniono takie pojęcia, jak: model mentalny konstruktora, przetwarzanie wszechobecne, sieci semantyczne, systemy cybernetyczno-fizyczne, przetwarzanie molekularne, sieci społecznościowe.

EN

Results of current market research with respect to CAD/CAE systems are discussed in the paper. Market research fields and users’ expectations are presented. Also explained are some prospective concepts expressed by the computer end users: Designer’s Mental Model, Ubiquitous Computing, Semantic Web, Cyber/Physical Systems, Molecular Computing, Social Network.

13

Automatic indexer for Polish agricultural texts

Karwowski W., Wrzeciono P.

Information Systems in Management

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2014

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Vol. 3, No. 4

229--238

EN

Today, the majority of resources are available in digital forms to acquire information. We have to search through collections of documents. In this paper text indexing which can improve searching is described. Next, indexing tool, the Agrotagger, which is useful for documents in the field of agriculture, is presented. Two available versions of the Agrotagger are tested and discussed. The Agrotagger is useful only for the English language despite the fact that it uses multilingual thesaurus Agrovoc. Because of the Agrotagger is not useful for texts in Polish, it is important to create similar tool appropriate for the Polish language. The problems connected with extensive inflection in languages such as Polish language in the process of indexing were discussed. In the final part of the paper, it is presented design and implementation of a system, based on the Polish language dictionary and the Agrovoc. Additionally some tests of implemented system are discussed.

14

A Semantic Framework for Graph-Based Enterprise Search

Modoni G. E., Sacco M., Terkaj W.

Applied Computer Science

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2014

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Vol. 10, no 4

66--74

EN

Various recent studies have shown that in many companies workers can spend near half of their time looking for information. Effective internal search tools could make their job more efficient. However, a killer application for this type of solutions is still not available. This paper introduces an envisioned architecture, which should represent the foundations of a new generation of tools for searching information within enterprises.

15

Ontologia OWL jako składnica danych dla aplikacji .NET

Kijas W.

Studia Informatica

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2013

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Vol. 34, nr 2B

191--204

PL

W artykule podjęta została próba stworzenia biznesowej aplikacji .NET, w której składnicę danych stanowi ontologia OWL. Przeprowadzona została analiza możliwych rozwiązań takiego problemu, wraz z porównaniem funkcjonalności każdego z nich. Dla porównania przeprowadzono próbę zastąpienia relacyjnej bazy danych ontologią OWL w istniejącej aplikacji biznesowej .NET, z użyciem znalezionych rozwiązań.

EN

In this paper we made an attempt to create .NET business application with OWL ontology as data repository. We analyzed possible solutions of this problem with comparing the functionality of each. For comparison purposes, we tried to replace relational database with OWL ontology in an existing business application using previously found solutions.

16

Semantic web technologies for enhancing web-based decision support system for designing and managing drying and storage of cereal grains

Weres J., Mueller W., Kluza T., Nowak P., Nowakowski K.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 58, nr 2

184--187

EN

Emerging technologies enhancing implementation of more advanced software were analyzed and applied to upgrade the standalone DSS Ziarbit, developed by the authors in past years, to a form of a Web-based decision support system embedded in Semantic Web frameworks. The system was developed to support design and management of cereal grain drying and storage processes. New technologies were used for problem domain analysis, UML diagramming, knowledge representation and Semantic Web implementation, and recent Microsoft programming environments were applied (.NET 4.5, ASP .NET 4.5, C++/CLI and C# available in Microsoft Visual Studio 2012, and Windows Phone SDK 8). In order to ensure interoperability, a concept of Internet-based Knowledge Center (IKC) was introduced and the new system was developed within the IKC framework.

17

Modeling of medical services using OWL

Horzelski W., Jarocki M., Doliwa D., Czerbniak J.

Journal of Applied Computer Science

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2013

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Vol. 21, nr 2

45--56

EN

The paper presents an example modeling of medical services, ready to adapt for OWL-based web services composition systems such as Harmonics or OWL reasoners. The model originates from an analysis of requirements, performed in Rehabilitation and Cosmetology Center in Lodz. The institution can be considered as a medical services arranger which needs to compose independent functionalities to satisfy queries expressed in a non-imperative form.

18

Budowa sieci semantycznej : nowa perspektywa

Folta W., Stolińska A.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Studia Informatica / Uniwersytet Szczeciński

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2012

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Nr 30

169--182

PL

W artykule opisano niewielką część spośród wielu inicjatyw podejmowanych w celu stworzenia Web 3.0. Pozwoliło to jednak na zarysowanie kontekstu dla nowego problemu naukowego, który jest przedmiotem badań autorów. Aksjologiczne wartościowanie prawdziwości danych wymaga budowy algorytmów, które bazując na dodatkowych informacjach dołączanych do dokumentów sieciowych, będą prowadzić do obliczenia ich wartości. Może to stanowić nowy dział nie tylko w badaniach podstawowych, ale także w praktycznych badaniach stosowanych.

EN

Despite many researches on the development of artificial intelligence, gaining expertise in information systems is still a serious problem. Web 2.0 technologies have succeed in presentation of resources, but failed in their interpretation. From the cunning of man sought in the formulation of terms depends on the accuracy of most available resources to us. Accuracy of resources available to us is dependent on cleverness of a man during formulation of terms of searching. Integration and interpretation of obtained information is user’s responsibility and often does not meet his expectations, leaving unsatisfied that the most important information on the subject have failed to even reach. The idea of the development of Semantic Web is still in phase of project and process of searching knowledge bases still causes a lot of problems, because it requires a recognition of semantic language. This article presents an analysis of some of the current projects and initiatives aimed at creating a new logical structure of the Internet, based on distributed semantic network. There is also demonstrated a proposal of a new approach to the problem of building the Semantic Web.

19

Zastosowanie pulpitów semantycznych w urządzeniach mobilnych

Czajkowski K., Trela T.

Studia Informatica

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2012

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Vol. 33, nr 2B

341-358

PL

Artykuł omawia problematykę wymiany informacji pomiędzy urządzeniami mobilnymi i systemami PIM na platformie desktopowej, wykorzystującymi semantyczny pulpit. W artykule przeanalizowano i omówiono istniejące ontologie, pozwalające opisywać dane dostępne w telefonie. Zaprezentowano przykładowy program implementujący dwustronną komunikację pomiędzy systemem Nepomuk i aplikacją na platformę Google Android.

EN

The article discusses the issues of information exchange between mobile devices and PIM applications on desktop platform, which uses Semantic Desktop technology. The article describes existing ontologies for representation data on smartphone platform. Article presents example program, which implements both way communication between Nepomuk System and Google Android application.

20

Semantic Web - standard, narzędzia, implementacje

Czajkowski K., Trela T.

Studia Informatica

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2012

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Vol. 33, nr 2A

379-393

PL

Semantic Web udostępnia protokoły, które na podstawie standardów rekomendowanych przez W3C w jednoznaczny sposób pozwalają opisać zawartość dokumentów oraz dzielić te informacje pomiędzy różne aplikacje. Artykuł zawiera omówienie standardu, opis istniejących implementacji, przegląd narzędzi oraz wskazuje perspektywy zastosowania technologii semantycznych w przyszłości.

EN

Semantic Web provides protocols and standards, which are already W3C recommendations and allow describe and share data among web or any applications. This paper covers overview of current standards, implementations an tools and tries to determine future adoption of the standard.