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Improving the self-imaging in multimode interference (MMI) couplers

Yin R.

Optica Applicata

2011

Vol. 41, nr 3

679--685

A new structure is firstly proposed to be used as the multimode interference (MMI) region in this paper. For comparison with conventional MMI region, two extra layers with thin thickness and lower index beside the core layer are introduced to increase the difference of propagation constant between the first two modes. Meanwhile, high order modes are not affected so much. Thus the propagation constant errors of the guided modes are decreased and better self-imaging is realized. The designing process is also given in this paper. This new structure can be applied to any kind of M×N MMI couplers. By incorporating this new structure, an MMI based power splitter is 1/6 shorter and contrast of MMI optical switch is 10 dB higher according to the results of exact mode analysis.

Multimode interference structures : new way of passive elements technology for photonics

Błahut M., Opilski A.

Opto-Electronics Review

2001

Vol. 9, No. 3

293-300

The aim of this work is presentation of principles of work and properties of multimode interference (MMI) structures and their basic applications in optoelectronic circuits. We discuss the principles of simple, mirrored and multiple images formation paying attention to imaging quality, tolerance, losses, and power division in output signals. On the base of it, MMI applications in integrated optic systems - in splitters and couplers NxM technology, modulators and switches in Mach-Zehnder configuration and multiplexers are considered. The possibility of MMI production in gradient-index wavequides made by ion exchange in glass is also presented.