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Assessment of heavy metal pollution in seawater, benthic flora and fauna and their ability to survive under stressors along the northern Red Sea, Egypt

Salah-Tantawy Ahmed, Mahdy Aldoushy, Dar Mahmoud A., Young Shuh-Sen, Abdelreheem Abdelbaset M. A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2022

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Vol. 51, No. 4

355--370

EN

The purpose of this study was to assess the north coasts of the Egyptian Red Sea, including Ras Gharieb, Hurghada, Safaga and Qusier, by evaluating the heavy metal pollution in seawater and benthic flora and fauna in the winter and summer of 2016. The concentrations of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb) were analysed with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results revealed that the Fe levels in the seawater ranged from 7.86 and 27.95 μg l-1, while the Zn concentrations fell between 1.83 and 5.63 μg l-1. In contrast, the recorded values of Mn, Cu, Ni, Pb and Cd in the seawater were minimal at the study sites. Regarding the biota samples, Porifera species were more adaptable than others to an accumulation of most metals in their tissues. Furthermore, seaweeds and seagrasses demonstrated remarkable adaptation in highly polluted regions, especially those with high turbidity, landfilling, sedimentation and high eutrophication rates – much more than the benthic fauna. Our research highlights the critical need for strict regulation of metal emissions in these coastal regions.

2

Modelling of visibility of oil dispersed in the sea water column

Freda W., Otremba Z.

Journal of KONES

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2013

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Vol. 20, No. 1

89--93

EN

Oil pollution in marine environment is a serious threat both to a variety of animals living in it and the people who benefit from this wealth. These impurities may occur in the depths of the sea as a result of discharges from ships, naval disasters, failures of underwater systems of oil extraction and transportation as well as polluted inflows from the land. The pollutions may be present on the surface in the form of oil layers or films that can be readily observed remotely. But they may also arise in the form of an emulsion of oil beneath the surface of the water. In this case the oil contamination detection is difficult. In this paper we consider the impact of underwater oil emulsion layer (5 m) on the property which is measured remotely – remote sensing reflectance RSR. The RSR values were calculated using the Monte Carlo method for the Inherent Optical Properties measured in the Gulf of Mexico where the Deepwater Horizon oil spill occurred between late April and mid July 2010. Influence of the depth at which the layer of emulsion exists – on visibility of “oil-cloud” is evidenced. In the studied case the observed contrast of oiled area is negative and reaches zero for the depth exceeding 20 m.

3

New approach to estimation of permissible discharge of biogenic matter into water bodies (example of the Neva estuary of the Baltic Sea)

Neverova-Dziopak E.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 33, nr 1

121-128

EN

The calculation of the assimilating capacity (or ecological capacity) of water body is considered to be a new method for assessing ecological quality of coastal and marine ecosystems. It can also serve as the foundation for the system approach to surface water protection, prevention of eutrophication as well as for the management and the choice of ecologically efficient and economically profitable water protection measures.

PL

Obliczanie pojemności ekologicznej wód powierzchniowych, w tym przybrzeżnych wód morskich, stanowi nową metodę oceny ich stanu ekologicznego. Opracowana metoda może służyć za naukową podstawę systemowego podejścia w rozwiązywaniu problemów ochrony wód powierzchniowych i zapobieganiu procesom eutrofizacji. Może być także stosowana do zarządzania zasobami wodnymi oraz do wyboru ekologicznie efektywnych i ekonomicznie uzasadnionych rozwiązań w zakresie ochrony wód.