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GC-MS Analysis of n-hexane extracts of Marine Seagrass Posidonia oceanica leaves, rhizomes and roots Collected from Benghazi beach Libya

Elabbar Fakhri, Alasply Abdulsalam

Scientiae Radices

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2024

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Vol. 3, Iss. 1

1--8

EN

Posidonia oceanica seagrass is endemic to the Mediterranean, and has very little information about volatile organic compounds. The plant was collected from Garyounis Beach in Benghazi, east of Libya, in September 2019. Plant parts, leaves, rhizomes, and roots were extracted using a Soxhlet extractor with Hexane. The compounds were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the extract's chemical constituents were de-convoluted using AMDIS software (www.amdis.net), and the mass spectra of the compounds spectra were explained by fragmentation pattern and matched to authentic standard spectra from Wiley and the NSIT Library database. The results revealed sixteen compounds, dominated by nine long-chain hydrocarbons, three long-chain fatty acids, and a single long-chain ketone. This is the first discovery of 3-ethyl-5-(2ethyl-butyl-octadecane, 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one, phytol, and phytyl acetate from this plant.

2

Assessing the Shallow Water Habitat Mapping Extracted from High-Resolution Satellite Image with Multi Classification Algorithms

Nandika Muhammad Rizki, Ulfa Azura, Ibrahim Andi, Purwanto Anang Dwi

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 17, no. 2

69--87

EN

Remote sensing technology is reliable in identifying the distribution of seabed cover yet there are still challenges in retrieving the data collection of shallow water habitats than with other objects on land. Classification algorithms based on remote sensing technology have been developed for application to map benthic habitats, such as Maximum Likelihood, Minimum Distance, and Support Vector Machine. This study focuses on examining those three classification algorithms to retrieve information on the benthic habitat in Pari Island, Jakarta using visual interpretation data for classification, and data field measurements for accuracy testing. This study used five classes of benthic objects, namely sand, sand-seagrass, rubble, seagrass, and coral. The results show how the proposed approach in this study provides an overall good classification of marine habitat with an accuracy produced 63.89–81.95%. The Support Vector Machine algorithm produced the highest accuracy rate of about 81.95%. The Support Vector Machine algorithm at a very high spatial resolution is considered to be capable of identifying, monitoring, and performing the rapid assessment of benthic habitat objects.

3

Relation between the type of wave exposure and seagrass losses (Cymodocea nodosa) in the south of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands - Spain)

Portillo E.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 1

29--40

EN

Effects of different types of wave events on Cymodocea nodosa seagrass meadows were observed and investigated by quantitative and qualitative evaluation of material washed ashore a few days after the events. The studied seagrass meadows are located on the south coast of the island of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands - Spain) and they are protected from frequent swells arriving from the North Atlantic. However, sporadic phenomena associated with winter storms occasionally hit this coastline, causing the loss of entire plants (fresh leaves with rhizomes and roots attached). An unusual type of southern swells generated in the South Atlantic also reaches the Islands in spring and summer. A clear relation was observed between the wave events (southern swells and storm waves) and the material cast ashore over the following days, with differences in composition (fresh vs. decaying leaves) depending on the type of event. After southern swells, detached portions of C. nodosa consisted mostly of decaying leaves shed after senescence. These old swells cause frictional drag with moderate oscillations over a wider range at greater depths, removing only decaying leaves from the seagrass meadows and favoring the natural clean-up process.

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Modyfikacja recyklatu z folii poliamidowo-polietylenowej trawą morską

Tartakowski Z., Lewandowska-Kosyl J., Kosyl M.

Przetwórstwo Tworzyw

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2013

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[R.] 19, nr 5 (155)

549--553

PL

Kompozyty polimerowe z napełniaczami pochodzenia naturalnego stanowią jedną z najbardziej dynamicznie rozwijających się grup materiałów konstrukcyjnych. Najczęściej wytwarzane są z użyciem osnowy tworzyw takich jak: PE, PP, PVC, PLA, zaś jako napełniacze stosuje się: pył drzewny, włókna celulozowe, łuski zbożowe, włókna lnu, konopi, sizalu, juty, abaki, kokosu czy też kenafu. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nowych kompozytów polimerowych, wytworzonych na osnowie recyklatów z wielowarstwowych folii poliamidowo-polietylenowych oraz napełniaczy odnawialnych w postaci rozdrobnionej trawy morskiej. Zastosowany napełniacze ze względu na swój skład (np. krzemionka) posiada szereg specyficznych cech mogących korzystnie wpłynąć na właściwości eksploatacyjne wyrobów technicznych pracujących w różnych środowiskach. Dla celów aplikacyjnych wytworzono kompozyty o różnej zawartości napełniacza i poddano je badaniom mechanicznym, przetwórczym oraz starzeniowym. Stwierdzono, że zastosowanie napełniacza w postaci trawy morskiej, korzystnie wpłynęło na poprawę właściwości mechanicznych oraz na zmniejszenie skurczu wtryskowego. Jednocześnie wykazano, że proces starzenia w niewielkim stopniu wpłynął na zmianę właściwości mechanicznych badanych kompozytów. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników stwierdzono, że nowe kompozyty z napełniaczem z trawy morskiej mogą mieć zastosowanie na wyroby techniczne o specjalnym przeznaczeniu.

EN

Polymer composites with fillers of natural origin are one of the fastest growing groups of rnaterials. Most are prepared using matrix materials such as PE, PP, PVC, PLA, and fillers which are used include: wood dust, cellulose fibers, cereal hulls, flax, hemp, sisal, jute, abaca, coconut or kenaf. This paper presents the results of new polymer composites, made on the base of recyclates from multilayer films of polyethylene and polyamide with renewable fillers in particulate form of sea grass. Fillers used in compositions (eg silica) have a number of specific features which could have a positive impact on the performance characteristics of technical products in different environments. For the purposes of application, composites were prepared with different contents of fillers and subjected to mechanical testing, processing, and aging. It was found that the use of a filler in the form of sea grass, improved mnechanical properties and reduced shrinkage in injection. At the same time, the aging process showed to have little effect on the change of mechanical properties of the composites. Based on the obtained results, the new composites with a filler of sea grass may be applied in technical products for special purposes.

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Object-oriented classification of QuickBird data for mapping seagrass spatial structure

Urbański J.A., Mazur A., Janas U.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2009

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Vol. 38, No.1

27-43

EN

QuickBird satellite images were processed using object-based analysis to map the spatial structure of seagrass in sandy shoal habitat in the southern Baltic Sea. A three-level ecological model of seagrass landscape, composed of meadows, beds and patches/gaps, was implemented in the multi-scale object domain. Image segmentation was performed at different spatial scales. In order to determine representative scales for bed level and patch/gap level objects, histograms of delineated objects were analyzed. Using object-oriented classification methods, two hierarchically nested maps of seagrass spatial structure were created. The map of patches/gaps was created using the nearest neighbor classification method in the feature space defined by the mean value of band 2 and the value of the proposed seagrass index. Overall map accuracy was 83%. The second map, which depicted the cover density of seagrass beds, was created on the basis of hierarchical relationships between objects at two chosen spatial scale levels. Both maps were exported as vector objects to GIS. Vector-based mapping of seagrass landscape structures at two scales simultaneously provides new possibilities for using landscape metrics and time change detection methods.