Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Mitigation of scale problem in the pumped Disi water to Amman, Jordan

Al-Maabreh Alaa M., Al-Rawajfeh Aiman Eid, Alshamaileh Ehab, Al-Bazedi G. A.

Environment Protection Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 45, nr 1

97--110

EN

Various methods are known to mitigate or prevent scale formation in pipes, rather by chemical addition, e.g., anti-scaling substances, or physically which includes ultrasonic or nanofiltration (NF). Nanofiltration membranes have a selectivity for the multivalent charged ions, so monovalent ions will pass the membrane partly and multivalent ions will be rejected completely. Chemical addition to prevent scale formation is based on justifying water parameters such as pH, alkalinity, and concentrations of ions that form the building units of scale crystal. In order to mitigate the scaling tendency in water pumped from the Disi aquifer to Amman city along its 345 km pipeline, different studies were conducted using simulated plumbing system. This part of the study is concerned with scale mitigation using nanofiltration and addition of chemicals. Nanofiltration was applied to reduce the hardness that causes scale deposition where it rejected around 70.5% of Ca2+, 71.98% Mg2+, 7.72% K+, 29.0% Na+, 66.63% Cl–, 86.51% NO3 – , 85.72% SO4 2–, and 69.85% CO2. Increasing the concentration of some ions such as Na+, K+ and Cl– keeping the allowable limit gave good results for scale mitigation.

2

Treatment of wastewater to meet the requirements for cooling water systems in jordan’s nuclear plants

Al-Rawajfeh A.E., Araj K.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2013

|

Vol. 34, nr 2

253--267

EN

Scaling and corrosion associated with the use of natural hard water in cooling towers during recirculation pose great problems from both economical and technical points of view, such as decreased system efficiency and increased frequency of chemical cleaning. Treated municipal wastewater (MWW) is a promising alternative to freshwater as power plant cooling system makeup water, especially in arid regions. In this work, hybrid systems of salt precipitation (SP), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) were investigated, as potential pretreatment processes for wastewater reuse as cooling water in the planned Jordan nuclear power plants. The As-Samra wastewater was used to calculate the potential of carbonate and sulfate scale formation. The results were compared to scale potentials from Palo Verde wastewater. Four cases were investigated; SP, NF, SP-RO and NF-RO. The SP pretreatment cases showed the highest monovalent to divalent ratio because of a high removal of Ca and Mg and addition of Na from the chemicals of the SP step. The NF pretreatment cases, showed the lowest calcium sulfate scale potential and this potential decreases with the % pretreatment. The scale amount increases very slightly with concentration times when the SP and NF product is desalinated by RO step.

3

Zastosowanie wyselekcjonowanych związków fosforoorganicznych do opracowania wielofunkcyjnych preparatów inhibitorowych

Falewicz P., Kuczkowska S., Drela I., Spych A.

Ochrona przed Korozją

|

2007

|

nr 4

160-162

PL

Badano inhibicyjne właściwości wybranych mieszanin kwasów fosforoorganicznych metodą testu elektrochemicznego, metodą potencjodynamiczną oraz metodą testu antyosadowego. Jako dodatki zwiększające skuteczność działania mieszanin, zastosowano jony Zn2+ i bezwodnik ftalowy. Najlepsze wyniki uzyskano dla mieszanek inhibitorowych oznaczonych w tekście numerami I, VI i VII.

EN

The inhibitive properties of selected mixtures of phosphororganic acids have been investigated by electrochemical and antiscaling tests and by the potentiokinetic method. Zn2+ ions and phthalic anhydride were added to the mixtures to enhance their effectiveness. The best results were obtained for inhibitor mixtures marked in this paper with the numbers I, VI and VII.