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1

Mesenchymal stem cells proliferation and osteogenic differentiation on polymeric scaffolds and microspheres for bone tissue engineering

Walczak Kamila, Krok-Borkowicz Małgorzata, Pamuła Elżbieta

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2023

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vol. 26, no. 170

14--19

EN

In this study, we aimed to compare how the microstructure and architecture of polymer supports influence adhesion, growth and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in the context of bone tissue engineering. We manufactured poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) three-dimensional supports in the form of microspheres by emulsification and porous scaffolds by solvent casting/ porogen leaching. HMSC were seeded on both materials and on control tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS, bottom of the wells) and cultured in basal or osteogenic medium for 1, 3, 7 and 14 days. HMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were studied using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays, respectively. Furthermore, cell morphology and viability were analyzed after live/dead fluorescence staining. The results show that the optimized emulsification conditions allowed the production of PLGA microspheres with a median size of 95 µm. The PLGA scaffolds had a porosity of 82.1% ± 4.2% and a pore size of 360 µm ± 74 µm. HMSC cultured on control TCPS in osteogenic medium were more spread and polygonal than those in basal medium. They were characterized with a lower proliferation rate, as shown by the LDH results, but higher ALP activity. This suggests that hMSC osteogenic differentiation was achieved. The same tendency was observed for cells cultured on microspheres and scaffolds. Cell proliferation was more efficient on both materials and control in growth medium as compared to differentiation medium. The amount of ALP, i.e. a marker of osteogenic differentiation, was elevated, as expected, in differentiation medium. However, on day 14 cells cultured on the scaffolds in basal medium exhibited the same osteogenic potential as those cultured in differentiation medium. In general, both microspheres and scaffolds promoted hMSC adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation and may be used for bone tissue engineering.

2

Biodegradable scaffolds for bone defect treatment

Antonowicz Magdalena, Brzezinska Karolina, Walke Witold, Taratuta Anna, Pawlik Mateusz

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2023

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Vol. 25, no. 3

EN

Additive techniques in dog orthopedics has recently emerged as a valuable approach in fabricating individualized implants for receiver-specific needs. The scaffolds made by 3D printing are used to replaces bones damaged by injuries sustained in accidents, tumour resections and defects resulting from disease e.g. osteoporosis. In this way can promote the growth and reconstruction of bone defects structure. These implants should have the right properties to ensure the right conditions for bone fusion. It is also important to determine the time of degradation, which is associated with a significant loss of mechanical properties.

3

Synergistic effect of selenium and genipin triggers viability of 3T3 cells on PVA/Gelatin scaffolds

Erdag Demet, Koc Serkan N., Oksuzomer M. Faruk, Yalcintepe Leman

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2022

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Vol. 24, no. 1

179--190

EN

The aim of this study was to reveal the first time synergistic effect of GP and selenium (Se) on 3T3 cells seeded on natural and non-cytotoxic porous scaffolds with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and gelatin (GE). Methods: Electrospinning scaffolds were produced as PVA/GE/GA crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and freeze/dried scaffolds crosslinked with genipin (GP) were divided into two groups as PVA/GE/GP5 and PVA/GE/GP8. The scaffolds were investigated in terms of pore morphology, swell ratio, biodegradation, and biocompatibility. The biocompatibility of the material was tested in vitro by MTT assay on 1, 2, and 3 days to test the cell viability of 3T3 cells. Results: It was observed that Se triggered the excellent cell growth and proliferation on electrospinning and freeze drying PVA/GE scaffolds. Conclusions: Selenium with PVA/GE scaffolds can be a promising candidate for wound healing application, as it significantly increases cell viability on scaffolds. It is thought that the synergistic effect of selenium with genipin may be an important step in tissue engineering applications. The preliminary study can be supported by in vivo studies in the future.

4

Assessment of the microstructure and mechanical properties of porous gelatin scaffolds

Morawska-Chochół Anna

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2021

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Vol. 24, no. 160

22--27

EN

Gelatin scaffolds are in the interest of tissue engineering and drug release. The scaffold porosity and microarchitecture are of great importance in proper tissue regeneration. In this work, the freeze-drying method was used to produce the scaffolds. The effect of concentration of the initial gelatin solution and pre- -freezing temperature on the scaffold’s microstructure and microarchitecture (porosity, pores size, shape, and distribution) was evaluated. The mechanical tests of samples were performed. Moreover, the influence of the gentamicin sulphate addition on the gelatin scaffolds microstructure and mechanical properties was also studied. The linear relationship of porosity to the concentration of the initial solution was observed. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a scaffold with a planned porosity. Pores were interconnected with an aspect ratio between 1.5-1.8. For porosity 74 ± 9% the average pore size was 0.7 ± 0.6 mm, with most pores in the range 0.2-0.4 mm. For the samples with porosity 57 ± 14%, the average pore size was 0.2 ± 0.2 mm, with most pores in the range 0.05-0.2 mm. The process of pre-freezing the solution in liquid nitrogen caused the highest porosity of the sample, the smaller pores size and the lower pores size distribution in comparison to the sample pre-frozen in -20°C. The mechanical parameters for all the samples are sufficient for filling bone defects. The addition of a drug to gelatin caused only slight changes in the pore architecture. This material could be applied as a scaffold in the bone loss correlated to bacterial infection.

5

Mathematical approach to design 3D scaffolds for the 3D printable bone implant

Wojnicz Wiktoria, Augustyniak Marek, Borzyszkowski Piotr

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 41, no. 2

667--678

EN

This work demonstrates that an artificial scaffold structure can be designed to exhibit mechanical properties close to the ones of real bone tissue, thus highly reducing the stress-shielding phenomenon. In this study the scan of lumbar vertebra fragment was reproduced to create a numerical 3D model (this model was called the reference bone sample). New nine 3D scaffold samples were designed and their numerical models were created. Using the finite element analysis, a static compression test was performed to assess the effective Young modulus of each tested sample. Also, two important metrics of each sample were assessed: relative density and surface area. Each new designed 3D scaffold sample was analyzed by considering two types of material properties: metal alloy properties (Ti-6Al-4V) and ABS polymer properties. Numerical analysis results of this study confirm that 3D scaffold used to design a periodic structure, either based on interconnected beams (A, B, C, D, E and F units) or made by removing regular shapes from base solid cubes (G, H, I units), can be refined to obtain mechanical properties similar to the ones of trabecular bone tissue. Experimental validation was performed on seven scaffolds (A, B, C, D, E, F and H units) printed from ABS material without any support materials by using Fused Deposition Modeling (FMD) technology. Results of experimental Young modulus of each printed scaffold are also presented and discussed.

6

Modelowanie stężających układów płytowych rusztowań na potrzeby analiz statycznych rusztowań przyściennych kotwionych

Misztela A.

Przegląd Mechaniczny

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2018

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nr 2

35--40

PL

W pracy zaproponowano sposób modelowania poziomych układów stężających z uwzględnieniem rzeczywistych własności układu stężającego w zakresie sztywności i wytrzymałości, który może być użyty przy tworzeniu modeli 3D. Model ten pozwoli zastąpić rekomendowane w normie europejskiej [1] i wytycznych DIBt [2] zastępcze modele statyczne 2D. W modelowaniu zakłada się zastąpienie rzeczywistego poziomego układu stężającego składającego się z płyt pomostowych, układem ramowym o węzłach podatnych.

EN

The aim of this paper was to describe the method of modeling horizontal planes of scaffold used for model 3D. This method can be used instead of the method described in European norm [1] and used in model 2D. The real system of boards was replaced by frame system with semi-rigid joints.

7

Struktura i porowatość rusztowań tytanowych wytwarzanych przez selektywne laserowe stapianie

Skalski K., Makuch A., Wysocki B., Jankowski K., Święszkowski W.

Inżynieria Powierzchni

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2018

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nr 1

32--42

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych i numerycznych tytanowych rusztowań do hodowli komórkowych. W badaniach strukturalnych z wykorzystaniem mikroskopii skaningowej analizowano wpływ technologii przyrostowej i parametrów procesu technologicznego na kształt i wielkość projektowanych porów. Zaprojektowane konstrukcje o różnej wielkości i kształcie porów zweryfikowano pod kątem wytrzymałości przez symulacje numeryczne metodą elementów skończonych (MES).

EN

The article presents the results of experimental and numerical studies of titanium scaffolds for cell cultures. In structural studies using scanning microscopy, the influence of incremental technology and technological process parameters on the shape and the size of the designed pores was analyzed. The designed constructions of various sizes and pore shapes were verified for strength using numerical simulations by the finite element method (FEM).

8

Zastosowanie materiałów biodegradowalnych w stomatologii : przegląd piśmiennictwa

Cykowska-Błasiak M, Woźna A., Dobrzyńska I., Dobrzyński M., Kosior P.

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2018

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Vol. 7, nr 6

412--416

PL

W zależności od rodzaju utraconej struktury tkankowej w obrębie układu stomatognatycznego lub przerwania jej ciągłości mogą być wykorzystywane różne biomateriały, które powinny spełniać określone właściwości mechaniczne. Stosowane implanty, skafoldy, a także śruby, mikropłytki lub klamry zazwyczaj wykonane są z tytanu lub jego stopów. Postęp w dziedzinie biomateriałów spowodował, iż współcześnie wykorzystywane są również materiały biodegradowalne, które po spełnieniu swojej funkcji reparacyjnej ulegają samoistnej degradacji (tj. nici chirurgiczne). W pracy przeanalizowano piśmiennictwo dotyczące wykorzystania materiałów biodegradowalnych w stomatologii.

EN

Depending on the type of the lost tissue within the stomatognathic system or breaking of its continuity, various biomaterials having proper mechanical properties can be used. Applied implants, scafolds as well as screws, micro-plates or clamps are usually made of titanium or its alloys. Advances in the field of biomaterials caused that nowadays biodegradable materials are used, and after their reparative function become self-degrading (ie. surgical stitches). The paper analyzes the literature regarding the use of biodegradable materials in dentistry.

9

Preparation of composite filaments and 3D prints based on PLA modified with carbon materials with the potential applications in tissue engineering

Hunger M., Podgórny W., Frączek-Szczypta A.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2018

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Vol. 21, no. 147

7--15

EN

This paper discusses the possibilities of obtaining polylactide-based composites and nanocomposites modified with carbon materials using the extrusion method, as well as the potential of their application in 3D printing technology. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of the presence of carbon additives on the properties of composites: mechanical, thermal and chemical. For this purpose, several research techniques were used such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), DSC/TG analysis, infrared Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and mechanical tests. It has been shown that it is possible to effectively produce composite materials based on PLA and carbon modifiers after optimization of the extrusion and printing process. Special attention should be paid to the quality of carbon phases homogenization in PLA matrix because the inappropriate dispersion may have a negative effect on the final properties of the composite, especially those modified with nanomaterials. Moreover, the reinforcing effect of carbon phases can be observed, and the quality of obtained filament with carbon fiber after recycling does not differ significantly from the quality of commercially available filaments. The obtained filament was successfully used to print three-dimensional scaffolds. Therefore, both the use of materials which are biodegradable and biocompatible with human tissue and the 3D printing method have the potential to be applied in tissue engineering.

10

Przyczyny techniczne awarii rusztowań. Cz.4

Błazik-Borowa E.

Builder

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2018

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R.22, nr 5

75--77

EN

The paper deals with technical aspects which influence the load-bearing capacity and the operation of scaffolds during a construction. The complexity of the problem is presented in the example of failure of a modular scaffold which, after assembly, did not satisfy the conditions for the ultimate limit state and finally it failed due to the wind action. Next the author presented the following technical problems: formation of the main structure of scaffolds, bracing sets, foundation of scaffolds, load-bearing capacity of the anchors, the accuracy of assembly, technical state of the elements, loads acting on scaffolds. The impact of these factors on the possibility of scaffolds failure is illustrated with an example of a facade scaffold. For this scaffold the effort and the natural frequencies were determined in the following situations: the structure with perfect geometry, the structure with imperfections, the scaffold with perfect geometry and taking into account the uneven ground subsidence, and the scaffold with imperfections and uneven subsidence included. The numerical analysis showed that the scaffold does not comply with conditions for the ultimate limit state and that the most important for the capacity of the structure and its proper functioning is the accuracy of the scaffold assembly.

11

Metallic skeletons as reinforcement of new composite materials applied in orthopaedics and dentistry

Dobrzański L. A., Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz A. D., Czuba Z. P., Dobrzański L. B., Achtelik-Franczak A., Malara P., Szindler M., Kroll L.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 92, nr 2

53--85

EN

Purpose: The article concerns the development of completely new groups of composite materials that can be used to produce functional replacements for damaged bones or teeth. Design/methodology/approach: A selective laser sintering was used to produce the reinforcement of those materials from titanium and its Ti6Al4V alloy in the form of skeletons with pores with adjustable geometric features. The matrix of those materials is either air or crystallised from the liquid AlSi12 or AlSi7Mg0.3 alloys condition after prior vacuum infiltration or human osteoblast cells from the hFOB 1.19 (Human ATCC - CRL - 11372) culture line. Findings: The porous material may be used for the non-biodegradable scaffold. After implantation into the body in the form of an implant-scaffold one, it allows the natural cells of the patient to grow into the pores of the implant, and it fuses with the bone or the appropriate tissue over time. The essential part of the implant-scaffold is the porous part inseparably connected with the core of solid materials. Into pores can grow living cells. Research limitations/implications: Biological-engineering composite materials in which natural cells were cultured in the pores in the laboratory next are combined as an artificial material with the natural cells of the patient in his/her body. Practical implications: The hybrid technologies of the all group of those materials were obtained and optimised. Numerous structure research was carried out using the most modern research methods of contemporary materials engineering, and mechanical tests and biological research involving the cultivation of natural cells were realised. Originality/value: The results of the research indicate the accuracy of the idea of implementing a new group of biological-engineering materials and the wide possibilities of their application in regenerative medicine.

12

The influence of supercritical foaming conditions on properties of polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering

Kosowska K., Henczka M.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 38, nr 4

535--541

EN

The results of experimental investigations into foaming process of poly(ε-caprolactone) using supercritical CO2 are presented. The objective of the study was to explore the aspects of fabrication of biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds that can be applied as a temporary three-dimensional extracellular matrix analog for cells to grow into a new tissue. The influence of foaming process parameters, which have been proven previously to affect significantly scaffold bioactivity, such as pressure (8-18 MPa), temperature (323-373 K) and time of saturation (1-6 h) on microstructure and mechanical properties of produced polymer porous structures is presented. The morphology and mechanical properties of considered materials were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray microtomography (μ-CT) and a static compression test. A precise control over porosity and morphology of obtained polymer porous structures by adjusting the foaming process parameters has been proved. The obtained poly(ε-caprolactone) solid foams prepared using scCO2 have demonstrated sufficient mechanical strength to be applied as scaffolds in tissue engineering.

13

Enhanced Chondrocyte Proliferation in a Prototyped Culture System with Wave-Induced Agitation

Pilarek M., Godlewska K., Kuźmińska A., Wojasiński M., Dąbkowska K.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 38, nr 2

321--330

EN

One of the actual challenges in tissue engineering applications is to efficiently produce as high of number of cells as it is only possible, in the shortest time. In static cultures, the production of animal cell biomass in integrated forms (i.e. aggregates, inoculated scaffolds) is limited due to inefficient diffusion of culture medium components observed in such non-mixed culture systems, especially in the case of cell-inoculated fiber-based dense 3D scaffolds, inside which the intensification of mass transfer is particularly important. The applicability of a prototyped, small-scale, continuously wave-induced agitated system for intensification of anchorage-dependent CP5 chondrocytes proliferation outside and inside three-dimensional poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds has been discussed. Fibrous PLA-based constructs have been inoculated with CP5 cells and then maintained in two independent incubation systems: (i) non-agitated conditions and (ii) culture with wave-induced agitation. Significantly higher values of the volumetric glucose consumption rate have been noted for the system with the wave-induced agitation. The advantage of the presented wave-induced agitation culture system has been confirmed by lower activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from the cells in the samples of culture medium harvested from the agitated cultures, in contrast to rather high values of LDH activity measured for static conditions. Results of the proceeded experiments and their analysis clearly exhibited the feasibility of the culture system supported with continuously wave-induced agitation for robust proliferation of the CP5 chondrocytes on PLA-based structures. Aside from the practicability of the prototyped system, we believe that it could also be applied as a standard method offering advantages for all types of the daily routine laboratory-scale animal cell cultures utilizing various fiber-based biomaterials, with the use of only regular laboratory devices.

14

Łąkotki stawu kolanowego - metody regeneracji

Pukaluk A., Ryniewicz A. M.

Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki

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2017

|

z. 12

65--74

PL

Łąkotki stawu kolanowego są kluczowymi strukturami zapewniającymi prawidłową pracę stawu, a ich usunięcie powoduje zapoczątkowanie nieodwracalnych zmian chorobowych na powierzchniach stawowych. Opracowano wiele metod leczenia uszkodzonych łąkotek, jednak każda z nich charakteryzuje się pewnymi ograniczeniami co do zastosowania. Przezwyciężenie tych ograniczeń poprzez stworzenie implantu, który by doskonale zastępował anatomiczną łąkotkę, jest już podejmowanym, ale jeszcze niezrealizowanym wyzwaniem.

EN

The knee joint menisci are key structures of the joint. They are responsible for the correct joint performance. Their removal results in irreparable chondral damage. There are a few methods of menisci regeneration, but all of them have some limitation in application regard. Overcoming those limitation and creation an implant, which could substitute the anatomical meniscus, is still ongoing, but not yet finalised process.

15

Scaffolds in knee joint meniscus engineering

Pukaluk A., Ryniewicz A. M.

Problemy Nauk Stosowanych

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2016

|

T. 4

145--152

EN

Introduction and aims: In the knee joint are located two menisci, which play an essential role in the preservation of chondral surfaces and assurance of knee stability. Due to their activity during knee movement, they are strongly exposed to injury not only during professional sport training, but during normal, active life as well. In case of complex degeneration of the meniscal tissue, the regeneration help is needed. This help is provided by polyurethane or collagen meniscus scaffolds. Material and methods: The model of the right knee joint has been designed to in order to investigate the distribution of reduced stresses. The NASTRAN application has been used for calculations. Results: The distribution of the reduced stresses in the right knee joint model are presented in the article. Conclusion: Scaffold is a matrix that is designed to replace the damaged meniscal tissue. It is useful in case of complex tears, for which assessment of biomechanical function restoration after sewing is negative.

PL

Wstęp i cele: W stawie kolanowym znajdują się dwie łąkotki, które odgrywają istotną rolę w zachowaniu powierzchni chrzęstnych oraz zapewniają stabilność kolana. Ze względu na ich aktywność podczas ruchu stawu kolanowego, są silnie narażone na uszkodzenia, nie tylko w profesjonalnym treningu sportowym, ale również w normalnym, aktywnym życiu. W przypadku złożonych uszkodzeń tkanki łąkotki pożądana jest jej regeneracja, która jest wspomagana przez poliuretanowe lub kolagenowe skafoldy łąkotki. Materiał i metody: W celu wykonania badań skonstruowano model prawego stawu kolanowego. Aby otrzymać wartości naprężeń zredukowanych w teście zastosowano program numeryczny NASTRAN. Wyniki: W pracy przedstawiono rozkłady naprężeń zredukowanych w modelu prawego stawu kolanowego. Wniosek: Skafold jest matrycą, która ma zastąpić uszkodzoną tkankę współpracujących powierzchni kolana. Ta metoda regeneracji jest szczególnie użyteczna w przypadkach ujemnej oceny możliwości przywrócenia biomechanicznych funkcji łąkotki po zszyciu.

16

Regeneration of knee joint menisci - methods review

Pukaluk A., Ryniewicz A. R.

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

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2016

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Vol. 12, no. 2

45--52

EN

At present, there is no need to convince anyone that menisci are crucial structures dealing with a huge number of responsibilities, and its absence in a knee joint results in irretrievable chondral damage. A lot of methods have been recently developed to treat meniscal tears: physical therapy as a first and, for some cases, a last step, bonding by biodegradable sutures, screws, or arrows, collagen and polyurethane scaffolds designed for partial meniscus replacement, and finally allograft transplantation. However, all of them have numerous limitations and can be used in specific conditions only. That is the reason why partial and total meniscectomy is up to this time a common operation in the case of degenerative or complex meniscus tears despite its well-known degenerative consequences. Trials to overcome those limitations are ongoing, and the challenge to invent a long-term successful regeneration method or to design a substitute that well mimics an anatomical meniscus is still in front of us.

17

Characterization of Three-Dimensional Printed Composite Scaffolds Prepared with Different Fabrication Methods

Szlązak K., Jaroszewicz J., Ostrowska B., Jaroszewicz T., Nabiałek M., Szota M., Swieszkowski W.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2016

|

Vol. 61, iss. 2A

645--650

EN

An optimal method for composites preparation as an input to rapid prototyping fabrication of scaffolds with potential application in osteochondral tissue engineering is still needed. Scaffolds in tissue engineering applications play a role of constructs providing appropriate mechanical support with defined porosity to assist regeneration of tissue. The aim of the presented study was to analyze the influence of composite fabrication methods on scaffolds mechanical properties. The evaluation was performed on polycaprolactone (PCL) with 5 wt% beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffolds fabricated using fused deposition modeling (FDM). Three different methods of PCL-TCP composite preparation: solution casting, particles milling, extrusion and injection were used to provide material for scaffold fabrication. The obtained scaffolds were investigated by means of scanning electron microscope, x-ray micro computed tomography, thermal gravimetric analysis and static material testing machine. All of the scaffolds had the same geometry (cylinder, 4×6 mm) and fiber orientation (0/60/120°). There were some differences in the TCP distribution and formation of the ceramic agglomerates in the scaffolds. They depended on fabrication method. The use of composites prepared by solution casting method resulted in scaffolds with the best combination of compressive strength (5.7±0.2 MPa) and porosity (48.5±2.7 %), both within the range of trabecular bone.

18

Ti6Al4V porous elements coated by polymeric surface layer for biomedical applications

Dobrzański L. A., Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz A. D., Gaweł T. G.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2015

|

Vol. 71, nr 2

53--59

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to characterise titanium alloy Ti6Al4V coated by polymeric surface layer as a material for biomedical applications. The paper presents a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) method of fabrication of elements to be used as implants from Ti6Al4V powder. It was demonstrated that the metallic scaffolds created have strictly defined geometric dimensions of an object and open pores, and the pores are regular and repeat within the whole volume of the biomimetic element. Design/methodology/approach: The actual manufacturing process is preceded with creating a model of an element in the stl format that allows to present the element surface by means of a net of triangles. Once the shape is defined of a unit cell and its net parameters, i.e. height, depth and width, they are duplicated with appropriate mathematical algorithms as a result of which a strictly defined, densed and complicated structure of pores defined by a designer is created. Findings: Scanning electron microscopy was applied for showing the structure of pure scaffolds as well as composites made of Ti6Al4V scaffolds coated by polymeric surface layer. Microscope observations were performed using a SEM Zeiss Supra 35 equipped with EDS detectors for chemical composition analysis. Practical implications: Manufactured metal-polymer composites can be used in regenerative medicine as biomimetic implants. Originality/value: The characteristics of biomimetic composites, used in medicine as implants of a palate piece loss with strictly designed geometric shape and dimensions of the object and its strictly planed pores.

19

Effect of polylactide modification with β-TCP and lecithin on the properties of the material as a substrate for osteoblasts

Olkowski R., Stefanek A., Kaszczewski P., Ciach T., Lewandowska-Szumieł M., Kalaszczyńska I.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2015

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Vol. 18, no. 131

8--11

EN

Polylactide (PLLA) containing β-TCP is biodegradable composite and an attractive biomaterial for bone tissue engineering, however, hydrophobicity of PLLA based composites is major limitation for their use as scaffolds for cell culture. In our study lecithin was used to improve hydrophilicity and cytocompatibility of PLLA/ β-TCP composite. Thin films of PLLA, PLLA/ β-TCP and PLLA/β-TCP/lecithin were manufactured by solvent-casting technique. Comparative analysis of all types of films was performed. Addition of β-TCP did not change hydrophilicity of PLLA. The hydrophilicity of PLLA/β-TCP/lecithin increased in comparison to PLLA and PLLA/β-TCP. Degradation of PLLA/β-TCP composite surpassed the degradation of PLLA while addition of lecithin diminished the degradation of composite. The cytocompatibility of composites were studied in 7 day long in vitro assay. Human bone derived cells were seeded on all tested surfaces. Cell viability was estimated by Live/Dead fluorescent staining and Alamar Blue test. Surprisingly, although lecithin addition improved hydrophilicity of the PLLA-based composite, adhesion and proliferation of human bone derived cells were markedly hampered on PLLA/β-TCP/lecithin in comparison to PLLA and PLLA/β-TCP. Despite positive effect we found of lecithin addition on hydrophilicity and stability of PLLA-based composite, its effect on cell attachment and proliferation is negative. Hence, incorporation of lecithin did not improve properties of PLLA/β-TCP/lecithin composite intended for bone tissue regeneration.

20

Scaffolds for tissue engineering

Pluta K., Malina D., Sobczak-Kupiec A.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Chemia

|

2015

|

R. 112, z. 1-Ch

89--97

EN

The paper presents the current trends in medicine of regenerative tissue defect caused by resection of tumors or fractures. Although it is a relatively young field of science, it creates new possibilities for the reconstruction of pathologically altered tissue with the use of three-dimensional scaffolds. Tissue engineering places particular emphasis on the type of scaffold from which they are made because of a number of requirements of medical materials including biocompatibility, mechanical strength and porosity.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia trendy panujące w medycynie w regeneracji ubytków tkankowych powstałych na skutek resekcji nowotworów bądź złamań, skupione na wykorzystaniu inżynierii tkankowej. Ta stosunkowo młoda dziedzina nauki stwarza nowe możliwości odbudowy patologicznie zmienionych tkanek z wykorzystaniem trójwymiarowych rusztowań – skafoldów. Inżynieria tkankowa kładzie szczególny nacisk na rodzaj materiału, z jakiego produkowane są skafoldy, gdyż musi on spełniać szereg wymagań, m.in. biozgodność, wytrzymałość mechaniczna i porowatość.