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1
Content available Real-time GNSS spoofing detection in maritime code receivers
Zalewski P.
Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie
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2014
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nr 38 (110)
118--124
EN
The paper presents an overview of methods for detecting the spoofing of GNSS open service code signals illustrated with the example of C/A GPS signals. GNSS signal spoofing is an attack method where a signal is transmitted that appears authentic but it induces the receiver under attack to compute an erroneous navigation solution, time, or both. Usage of commercially available satellite compasses and two antennas systems for the detection of such threat is described in detail.
2
Content available Kompas satelitarny jako kompas na rejony polarne
Felski A., Różański K.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej
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2013
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R. 54 nr 3 (194)
129--146
PL
W ostatniej dekadzie coraz powszechniejsze zastosowanie znajdują tzw. kompasy satelitarne (specyficzna odmiana odbiorników nawigacji satelitarnej), które poza standardowymi dla odbiorników systemu GPS informacjami pozwalają wyznaczać kąty orientacji przestrzennej nosiciela. Atrakcyjność tych kompasów zdaje się wzrastać wraz ze wzrostem szerokości geograficznej akwenu, w przeciwieństwie do tradycyjnych rozwiązań magnetycznych i żyroskopowych, które w tych rejonach wykazują istotne niedoskonałości. W artykule opisano badania istotnych własności pomiarowych wybranych konstrukcji kompasów satelitarnych w rejonach polarnych obejmujących wody okalające Spitsbergen oraz na Zatoce Gdańskiej.
EN
For the last decade so called satellite compasses (special version of satellite navigation receivers) have been in more and more common use. Apart from standard GPS data they can also be used to determine special orientation angles of the carrier. The attraction of these compasses seems to be growing with the growth of geographical latitude of the water area in contrast to traditional magnetic and gyroscopic solutions, which display significant imperfections in these regions. The paper presents the results of significant measurement properties of some selected satellite compasses in polar regions including waters around Spitsbergen and the Bay of Gdańsk.
3
Content available Specyfika pomiarów kursu kompasem satelitarnym
Felski A.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej
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2010
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R. 51 nr 1 (180)
7-21
PL
Kompas satelitarny jest nowym urządzeniem nawigacyjnym, praktycznie dotychczas nie opisywanym szczegółowo w polskiej literaturze fachowej. W artykule dokonano przeglądu konstrukcji tego rodzaju kompasów, ich własności pomiarowych oraz praktycznych aspektów zastosowania na jednostkach pływających.
EN
A satellite compas is a new navigational aid which so far has not been dealt with in detail in the Polish professional publications. The paper makes a review of this kind of compass, their measuring propeties and practical aspects of use aboard floating vessels.
4
Content available Exploitative Properties of Different Types of Satellite Compasses
Felski A.
Annual of Navigation
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2010
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No. 16
33-40
EN
Satellite compass is the specific, multiantenna receiver of the satellite navigation system which, apart from the standard functions, like position, time, Course and Velocity etc. enable to measure the angles of the orientation of the ship's hull. The most popular solution is two-antenna solution, which gives opportunity to measure two angles: heading and pitch or roll. However, three antenna solutions are accessible as well (www.furuno.co.jp). In this option the device can measure full information about space orientation of the object. Discussed devices has common name 'compass' although they are still not officially confirmed in this role and according IMO's resolutions they can be used only as auxiliary source of information and is classified as Heading Transmitting Devices (MSC.116). The origin of satellite compasses we can find in interferometry used in astronomy since sixties, however the present solutions in fact are adopted from Real Time Kinematic variant of GPS technology (Felski 1999). Nonetheless products accessible on the shelf are very diverse in construction, electronics and software so in practice of their exploitation very different proprieties could be observed. In the report the practical experiences with the use of two different types of satellite compasses are presented, as well as the analysis of observed errors. It turned out that the behavior of satellite compass is not comparable to any gyro or magnetic compasses which are in fact something natural. In fact signal from satellite compass has three kinds of errors: first one is small noise with amplitude of same arc-minutes which is natural in any electronic devices, the second one is long-term changes which are seems be dependent on satellite constellation configuration and finally short, big changes correlated with transition period when new configuration of satellites is catches-on. According to the observations very important are solutions assumed in electronics and software, because observations confirm that two different constructions characterize themselves with very different proprieties.
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