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Hydrography, hydrochemistry and composition of sapropel of Shatsk Lakes

Khilchevskyi Valentyn, Ilyin Leonid, Pasichnyk Mykhailo, Zabokrytska Myroslava, Ilyina Olga

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2022

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no. 54

184--193

EN

The purpose of the study presented in the article is to implement modern hydrographic characteristics of freshwater of the Shatsk Lakes (28 lakes in Volyn Polissya, Ukraine) by typing water bodies according to the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive, assessment of the chemical composition of lake water and bottom sediments (sapropel), determination of the opportunity for their recreational use in the special status of the district as a national park. Despite the presence of the two large lakes (Svityaz - 26.2 km2 and Pulemetske - 15.5 km2), very small lakes with a water surface area of less than 0.5 km2 (64%) are dominating in the Shatsk group. Mineralisation of calcium-hydrocarbonate lake waters is 115-303 mg∙dm-3 and calcium-sulphate aqueous extract of sapropel is - 318-1451 mg∙dm-3. Using a Piper diagram, it was found that there is genetic homogeneity between surface and groundwater, indicating a significant share of groundwater in the water supply of lakes. There are eight species of sapropel deposits in 19 lakes of the district. A wide range of chemical composition and physical and mechanical properties of sapropel deposits of the Shatsk Lakes allow us to consider them as an important resource for agriculture and industry. We found that sapropel from Shatsk Lakes meets the requirements for therapeutic mud and can be used for therapeutic and health purposes.

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Microbiological Stability of Bio-Based Building Materials

Obuka Vaira, Sinka Maris, Nikolajeva Vizma, Kostjukova Solvita, Ozola-Davidane Ruta, Klavins Maris

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 4

296--313

EN

The aim of this paper was to study the microbiological stability of bio-based composite building materials, which are made using organic-rich lake sediments (further – sapropel) with lime and magnesium cement as binders and hemp shives as filler. The microbial stability properties of the obtained composite materials were investigated and compared to similar composites. Because of their high organic content, these materials are prone to biodegradation; therefore, they were coated with ALINA LIFE TM organoclay coating, which helps to extend the product life, reducing the rate of biodegradation compared to the biocides used in industry. The effect of the coating on the resistance to decay by the Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium chrysogenum, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Chaetomium sp. and Trichoderma asperellum fungi was investigated under different conditions: relative humidity modes of 75% and 99% at 20°C for 45 days and four months. The results indicated that the composites made of sapropel and lime have similar microbial stability properties as lime and magnesium cement binder composite materials. ALINA LIFE TM organoclay coating showed advanced resistance to biodegradation; sapropel-lime composites have shown several good properties that make them suitable to be considered for use in the construction material industry.

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Investigation of lead removal from drinking water using different sorbents

Albrektienė Ramunė, Paliulis Dainius

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2020

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Vol. 27, nr 1

67--82

EN

Lead is a heavy metal with strong toxic properties. This chemical element is found in wastewater and sometimes in drinking water. The article deals with the removal of lead(II) ions from polluted water using a sorption process to determine the most effective sorbent for the removal of lead(II) ions. Three sorbents were used in the research: clay, sapropel, and iron sludge. All three sorbents investigated reduce the concentration of lead(II) ions in water: clay efficiency was of 65.7-90 %, sapropel of 94.3-100 %, and iron sludge of 84.3-97 %, depending on sorbent type and contact duration. The research has shown that the most effective way to remove lead(II) ions from the test water is sapropel. Using different amounts of sapropel (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 g/dm3 and 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8 g/dm3) and different duration of contact (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes), the concentration of lead(II) ions in the test water after purification did not exceed the permissible values for drinking water (10 mg/dm3), so that the lowest sapropel content of 0.1 g/dm3 can be used for sorption. Lead(II) ions are most effectively removed when contact time is 30 min.

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Vosstanovlenie energeticeskogo potenciala degradirovannyh pocv zemel' sel'skohozajstvennogo naznacenia

Lentyaeva E. A., Kireycheva L. V.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

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2017

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T. 17, z. 3

55--69

PL

W pracy przedstawiono bazujące na zasadach termodynamiki wytyczne metodyczne odnośnie do obliczeń energetycznego stanu gleb Rosji z uwzględnieniem ich strefowo-regionalnego rozmieszczenia. Uzasadniono podstawowe wskaźniki umożliwiające kształtowanie potencjału energetycznego gleb użytkowanych rolniczo. Opracowano oryginalny model oceny stanu energetycznego gleb z zastosowaniem kompleksowego wskaźnika – współczynnika zasobu energetycznego. Podano algorytm odtworzenia zdegradowanych gleb. Omówiono procesy degradacji gleb Rosji z uwzględnieniem ich strefowo-regionalnego rozmieszczenia związane ze stratami próchnicy. Do uzupełnienia strat energii zaproponowano zastosowanie nowych nawozów organiczno-mineralnych z wykorzystaniem naturalnego sapropelu. Podano wymagane dawki nawozów i zabiegi w celu zachowania zrównoważonego bilansu próchnicy.

EN

Methodological statements on the estimation of the energy status of the zonal soils of Russia are shown on the base of the thermodynamic approach. The main parameters of the energy potential of soils for the agricultural lands are suggested. The original model to estimate the energy status of soil, basing on the use of the integrated parameter – ratio of the energy resource, was developed. The algorithm of the rehabilitation of the degraded soils has been described. The processes of the degradation of the zonal-provincial soils caused by the losses of humus are considered. To replenish the energy losses new organomineral fertilizers based on sapropel were suggested to use. The required rates of fertilizers and measures to provide positive balance of humus were suggested.

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Research of heavy metals distribution in bottom sediment of Lake Talkša (Lithuania)

Kozlovska J., Petraitis E., Šerevičienė V.

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2012

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Vol. 6, No. 1

99--103

EN

The intensification and development of industrial processes has harmful effects of human activities on nature and entire environment. Having performed the assessment of contamination of environmental components, especially geological environment, it is possible to make a quantitative evaluation of the scope of anthropogenic influence and often the hazardousness of such influence on biota and people. This paper presents study results on accumulation of heavy metals in different layers of Talkša Lake. For the sampling of intact structure of the sediment, the turf borer from the ice was used. After the preparation and examination of samples, Pb, Ni, Cr, Zn and Cu concentrations were identified in the laboratory. Concentrations of these heavy metals in sapropel layers were determined in the extracts of sapropel prepared by means of atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed that sapropel stratifying on the northern shores of Talkša Lake in terms of LAND 20-2005 should be classified as sludge of Category II. That was determined by maximum concentrations of Cr (257.5 mg/kg) detected in the upper horizon of the sludge. Within other horizons, sapropel is not contaminated with heavy metals, and metal concentrations within it could be treated as amount of valuable trace elements. Due to different mixing layers, sapropel recovered from this part of the lake would become valuable excavation widely used for the purposes of economic needs.

PL

Intensywność oraz rozwój przemysłu ma szkodliwy wpływ na człowieka, przyrodę, a także całe środowisko. Po przeprowadzeniu oceny zanieczyszczenia komponentów środowiska, zwłaszcza środowiska geologicznego, możliwe jest dokonanie oceny zakresu oddziaływań antropogennych i często niebezpieczeństwa takiego wpływu na żywe organizmy. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczących akumulacji metali ciężkich w różnych warstwach jeziora Talksza. Próbki były pobierane zimą, do ich pobrania został użyty chwytacz rurkowy. Przygotowane próbki zostały zbadane w laboratorium, stężenia metali ciężkich (Pb, Ni, Cr, Zn i Cu) w różnych warstwach sapropelu wyznaczono za pomocą atomowej spektrometrii absorpcyjnej (AAS). Wyniki analizy wykazały, że według klasyfikatora LAND 20-2005 sapropel pochodzący z północnego brzegu jeziora Talksza należy do II kategorii szlamu. Maksymalne stężenie Cr (257,5 mg/kg) zostało wykryte w górnej części osadu, natomiast stężenia innych metali ciężkich występowały w badanych rdzeniach tylko w ilościach śladowych. Stwierdzone w sapropelu zawartości pierwiastków śladowych nie stanowią przeszkody w wykorzystaniu do celów rolniczych oraz rekultywacyjnych.