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1
Content available Humidity Migration in Surface Layers of Sand Moulds During Processes of Penetration and Drying of Protective Coatings
Jamrozowicz Łukasz, Zych Jerzy
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2022
|
Vol. 22, iss. 4
72--78
EN
The results of investigations of humidity migration in near surface layers of sand mould during processes of penetration and drying of protective coatings are presented in the hereby paper. The process of the humidity exchanging between surroundings and moulding sands as porous materials, is widely described in the introduction. In addition, the humidity flow through porous materials, with dividing this process into stages in dependence of the humidity movement mechanism, is presented. Next the desorption process, it means the humidity removal from porous materials, was described. Elements of the drying process intensity as well as the water transport mechanisms at natural and artificial drying were explained. The innovative research stands for measuring resistance changes of porous media due to humidity migrations was applied in investigations. Aqueous zirconium coatings of two apparent viscosities 10s and 30s were used. Viscosity was determined by means of the Ford cup of a mesh clearance of 4mm. Coatings were deposited on cores made of the moulding sand containing sand matrix, of a mean grain size dL = 0.25 mm, and phenol-formaldehyde resin. Pairs of electrodes were placed in the core at depths: 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12 and 16 mm. Resistance measurements were performed in a continuous way. The course of the humidity migration process in the core surface layer after covering it by protective coating was determined during investigations. Investigations were performed in the room where the air temperature was: T = 22oC but the air humidity was not controlled, as well as in the climatic chamber where the air temperature was: T =35oC and humidity: H = 45%. During the research, it was shown that the process of penetration (sorption) of moisture into the moulding sand is a gradual process and that the moisture penetrates at least 16 mm into the sand. In the case of the drying (desorption) process, moisture from the near-surface layers of the moulding sand dries out much faster than moisture that has penetrated deeper into the sand.
2
Content available Quality evaluation of iron casting EN-GJL-200 produced on the disamatic line
Boroń K.
Acta Innovations
|
2018
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no. 29
36--40
EN
This article discusses the issues concerning the quality of casting surface with a small unit weight manufactured on the Disamatic automatic casting lines in a flaskless mould with a vertical parting line. The research was conducted in manufacturing conditions in one of the casting facilities in the country. The identification of casting defects for a monthly manufacturing cycle was made and agreed that the main causes of scrap casting are defects on the raw surface: lumps of moulding sand which after removal form cavities and draws as well as defects of gas origin such as blowholes. There are also defects of form namely short runs. In the later part of the work, the research results of the properties of moulding sand were presented and casting defects were selected the occurrence of which is connected with the quality of moulding sands.
3
Content available The comparison of the porosity formation in different casted secondary aluminium alloy
Kuchariková L., Tillová E.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Quality. Production. Improvement
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2017
|
No. 1 (6)
12--19
EN
The porosity formation in secondary aluminium cast alloys are one of the main aspect which can affect the final properties of casts. Whereas these materials are especially used for production the automotive casts such as engine blocks, cylinder head, chassis components and so on, it is need the production of the casts without deleterious defects. The contributions deals with comparison of the porosity formation in secondary AlSi9Cu3 cast alloy when different moulds (the metallic mould and sand mould) for casting were used. The material was gravity casted in the both mould. The differences in microstructure and porosity formation were studied by using light metallography microscopy and image analyser software. The evolution shows that the experimental material casted into the metallic mould had about 98.78% smaller porosity size in comparison to the material casted into the sand mould, therefore it showed better properties.
4
Content available Gases Emission From Surface Layers of Sand Moulds and Cores Stored Under the Humid Air Conditions
Kaźnica N., Zych J., Mocek J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2017
|
Vol. 17, iss. 4
79--84
EN
A large number of defects of castings made in sand moulds is caused by gases. There are several sources of gases: gases emitted from moulds, cores or protective coatings during pouring and casting solidification; water in moulding sands; moisture adsorbed from surroundings due to atmospheric conditions changes. In investigations of gas volumetric emissions of moulding sands amounts of gases emitted from moulding sand were determined - up to now - in dependence of the applied binders, sand grains, protective coatings or alloys used for moulds pouring. The results of investigating gas volumetric emissions of thin-walled sand cores poured with liquid metal are presented in the hereby paper. They correspond to the surface layer in the mould work part, which is decisive for the surface quality of the obtained castings. In addition, cores were stored under conditions of a high air humidity, where due to large differences in humidity, the moisture - from surroundings - was adsorbed into the surface layer of the sand mould. Due to that, it was possible to asses the influence of the adsorbed moisture on the gas volumetric emission from moulds and cores surface layers by means of the new method of investigating the gas emission kinetics from thin moulding sand layers heated by liquid metal. The results of investigations of kinetics of the gas emission from moulding sands with furan and alkyd resins as well as with hydrated sodium silicate (water glass) are presented. Kinetics of gases emissions from these kinds of moulding sands poured with Al-Si alloy were compared.
5
Content available Range Of Thermal Conductivity Changes Of Wet Green Foundry Sand During Casting Solidification
Krajewski P. K., Piwowarski G.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2015
|
Vol. 60, iss. 3
2391--2395
EN
The paper presents results of measuring thermal conductivity of green sand mould material and time of castings solidification evaluated from cooling curves. During the experiments pure Cu (99,8 %) plate was cast into the examined sand moulds. Basing on the measurements it was stated that thermal conductivity of the moulding sand has complex temperature variability, especially during the water vaporization. It was confirmed that water vaporization strongly influences thermal conductivity of the moulding sand in the first period of the mould heating by the poured casting. The obtained dependence should be used in the numerical calculations to improve their accuracy.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki pomiarów współczynnika przewodzenia ciepła materiału wilgotnej formy piaskowej z bentonitem oraz czas krzepnięcia odlewu płyty z miedzi o czystości 99.8%. Na podstawie eksperymentów stwierdzono, że temperaturowa zależność przewodności cieplnej badanej masy formierskiej nie ma prostego przebiegu, szczególnie w okresie odparowywania wilgoci, a uzyskana w części eksperymentalnej temperaturowa zależność powinna być stosowana w obliczeniach numerycznych w celu polepszenia jakości obliczeń.
6
Content available Procesy pochłaniania wilgoci z otoczenia i wysychania na przykładzie wierzchnich warstw form odlewniczych
Kaźnica N., Zych J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2015
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Vol. 15, iss. 4 spec.
63--66
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badania procesów: pochłaniania wilgoci z otoczenia oraz wysychania wierzchnich warstw form piaskowych. Badania obejmowały trzy rodzaje mas formierskich – jedną ze spoiwem nieorganicznym (uwodniony krzemian sodu) i dwie ze spoiwami organicznymi (żywica furfurylowa oraz żywica alkidowa). Badania sorpcji prowadzono na prototypowym stanowisku badawczym pozwalającym na utrzymanie stałej, wysokiej temperatury otoczenia (28–33 °C) oraz wilgotności względnej powietrza powyżej 95%. Badania desorpcji prowadzono na analogicznym stanowisku badawczym zapewniającym odpowiednio niższe wartości wilgotności względnej powietrza oraz temperatury. W obu przypadkach wykorzystano metodę grawimetryczną. Na podstawie analizy otrzymanych wyników wykazano, że wierzchnie warstwy form odlewniczych pochłaniają wilgoć z otoczenia z różną intensywnością, uzależnioną między innymi od ich składu. Jednocześnie, wszystkie zawilgocone badane masy poddane procesowi wysychania oddawały wilgoć do otoczenia. Krzywe sorpcji i desorpcji nie pokrywają się. W przypadku desorpcji zawartość końcowa wilgoci w wierzchnich warstwach form odlewniczych jest większa dla wszystkich badanych mas, niezależnie od rodzaju masy formierskiej.
EN
The results of investigations of the sorption and desorption process of surface layers of sand moulds are presented in the paper. Investigations comprised three kinds of moulding sands with one inorganic binder (hydrated sodium silicate) and two organic binders: (furfuryl resin and alkyd resin). Tests of sorption process were performed on the prototype research stand allowing to maintain a constant, high temperature of surroundings (28–33 °C) and the relative air humidity above 95%. Tests of desorption process were performed on the analogical research stand ensuring lower value of temperature and the air humidity. The gravimetric method was applied in both measurements. On the bases of achieved results it was shown that surface layers of sand moulds absorb water vapour from surroundings with various intensity which is determined of the chemical composition. Simultaneously, all of the moistened moulding sands which were subjected to the drying process were given moisture to the surroundings back. Sorption and desorption processes curves do not coincide. In case of desorption process the moisture content in the surface layers of all the tested moulding sands is higher irrespective of the kind of moulding sand.
7
Content available Investigations of the Sorption Process’ Kinetics of Sand Moulds’ Surface Layers under Conditions of a High Air Humidity
Kaźnica N., Zych J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2015
|
Vol. 15, iss. 3 spec.
29--32
EN
The results of investigations of the sorption process of surface layers of sand moulds under conditions of a high air humidity are presented in the paper. Investigations comprised three kinds of moulding sands with inorganic and organic binders: moulding sand with hydrated sodium silicate with furfuryl resin and with alkyd resin. Tests were performed on the prototype research stand allowing to maintain a constant, high temperature of surroundings (28–33°C) and the relative air humidity (above 95%). The gravimetric method was applied in measurements. The proposed method allows to assess the amount of water which permeates by the area unit of surface layers of sand moulds into their insides. Knowledge of such parameter allows to select the proper storage conditions of casting moulds waiting for being poured with liquid metals. This can limit the occurrence of surface defects which are caused by too high humidity of casting moulds.
8
Content available Destruction of Moulding Sands with Chemical Binders Caused by the Thermal Radiation of Liquid Metal
Zych J., Mocek J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2015
|
Vol. 15, iss. 4
95--100
EN
The obtained results of heating of sand moulds with binders by means of a thermal radiation of liquid metal are presented in this study. Standard samples for measuring Rg made of the tested moulding sands were suspended at the lower part of the cover which was covering the crucible with liquid metal (cast iron), placed in the induction furnace. The authors own methodology was applied in investigations. The progressing of the samples surface layers heating process was determined as the heating time function. Samples of a few kinds of moulding sands with chemical binders were tested. Samples without protective coatings as well as samples with such coatings were tested. The influence of the thermal radiation on bending resistance of samples after their cooling was estimated. The influence of several parameters such as: time of heating, distance from the metal surface, metal temperature, application of coatings, were tested. A very fast loss of strength of moulding sands with organic binders was found, especially in cases when the distance between metal and sample surfaces was small and equaled to 10÷15 mm. Then, already after app. 15 seconds of the radiation (at Tmet=1400°C), the resistance decreases by nearly 70%. Generally, moulding sands with organic binders are losing their strength very fast, while moulding sands with water glass at first increase their strength and later slightly lose. The deposition of protective coatings increases the strength of the mould surface layers, however does not allow to retain this strength after the metal thermal radiation.
9
Content available Badania właściwości reologicznych wybranych powłok ochronnych stosowanych na formy i rdzenie piaskowe
Jamrozowicz Ł., Kolczyk J., Matonis N., Woźniak D.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2015
|
Vol. 15, iss. 4 spec.
47--52
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań reologicznych powłok ochronnych: wodnej i alkoholowej, o trzech lepkościach umownych 10, 20 i 30 sekund. Badania lepkości dynamicznej prowadzono na lepkościomierzu rotacyjnym Rheotest 2. W wyniku przeprowadzonych pomiarów uzyskano krzywe płynięcia i wyznaczono zależność szybkości ścinania do lepkości dynamicznej, co pozwoliło sklasyfikować badane powłoki pod względem reologicznym.
EN
The article presents the results of measurements of rheological testing of protective coatings: water and alcohol, for three contracts viscosities 10, 20 and 30 seconds. Research of dynamic viscosity were performed on a rotary viscometer Rheotest 2. As a result of measurements of the flow curves were tested and determined the dependence of shear rate viscosity, allowing to classify the rheological properties of coatings.
10
Content available Experiment and Numerical Modelling the Time of Plate-Shape Casting Solidification vs. Thermal Conductivity of Mould Material
Krajewski P. K., Piwowarski G., Żak P. L., Krajewski W. K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2014
|
Vol. 59, iss. 4
1405--1408
EN
The paper presents results of measuring thermal conductivity of sand mould material and time of castings solidification evaluated from cooling curves and from Nova Flow & Solid numerical calculations. During the experiments pure Al (99,95%) plate was cast into the sand moulds. The analysed variable parameter in numerical calculations was mould thermal conductivity of fixed value taken from the range 0.5-0.9 W/(mK). Other mould parameters (initial temperature, mass density, heat capacity) and thermo-physical properties of liquid and solid casting were taken invariable. Basing on the measurements it was stated that thermal conductivity of the moulding sand has complex temperature variability, especially during the water vaporization and the obtained dependence should be used in the numerical calculations to improve their accuracy.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki pomiarów współczynnika przewodzenia ciepła materiału formy piaskowej oraz czas krzepnięcia odlewu oszacowany z krzywej stygnięcia i obliczony numerycznie za pomocą Nova Flow & Solid. W czasie eksperymentów odlew w kształcie płyty wykonywano z czystego aluminium (99,95%). Zmienna w obliczeniach była przewodność cieplna materiału formy z zakresu 0,5-0,9 W/(mK). Pozostałe parametry formy (temperatura początkowa, gęstość masy i pojemność cieplna) oraz właściwości termofizyczne ciekłego i zakrzepłego metalu były stałe. Na podstawie eksperymentów stwierdzono, że temperaturowa zależność przewodności cieplnej formy nie ma prostego przebiegu, szczególnie w okresie odparowywania wilgoci, a uzyskana w części eksperymentalnej temperaturowa zależność powinna być stosowana w obliczeniach numerycznych w celu polepszenia jakości obliczeń.
11
Content available Rola kształtu powierzchni formy w procesie wysychania wybranych powłok ochronnych
Jamrozowicz Ł., Zych J., Kolczyk J., Wróblewski D.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2014
|
Vol. 14, iss. 2 spec.
39--44
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań szybkości schnięcia wybranych powłok ochronnych. Badaniom poddano powłokę wodną WC-R i alkoholową Zirkofluid 1219. Wyznaczono kinetykę wysychania powłok. Powłoki była nanoszono na rdzenie wykonane z masy o średniej wielkości ziarna osnowy dL= 0,24 mm. Ponadto wyznaczono szybkość wysychania powłok dla trzech ich lepkości umownych (11s; 20s; 30s). Lepkość powłok określono przy pomocy kubka „Forda”. Badania szybkości wysychania powłoki ochronnej prowadzono techniką grawimetryczną. Proces wysychanie mierzono w sposób ciągły. Badania prowadzono w kontrolowanych warunkach: stała temperatura otoczenia, wilgotność powietrza. Stwierdzono, iż czas schnięcia powłoki naniesionej na powierzchnie wypukłe (garby formy) jest dużo krótszy niż powłoki naniesionej na powierzchnie wklęsłe (wnęki). Różnice szybkości wysychania wynikają z odmienności warunków wymiany pary wydzielanej z powłoki do otoczenia.
EN
Investigation results of the drying rate of the selected protective water coatings are presented in the paper. The water-based coating WC-R and alcohol-based coating Zirkofluid 1219 were subjected to examinations. They were drying kinetics of these coatings. The coating was applied to the cores of the mass matrix with a grain size of dL = 0.24 mm. In addition, the kinetics of the coating drying process was determined for three apparent viscosities: 11s; 20 s; 30 s. The coating viscosity was estimated by means of the Ford 4 mm cup. Drying rates of the protective coating were examined by using the gravimetric technique. Measurements were carried out in a continuous way under controlled conditions: constant ambient temperature and air humidity. It was found that the drying time of a coating applied to the convex surfaces (humps mould) is much shorter than the coating applied to the surfaces of the concave (cavities). Differences in the rate of drying due to differences in the exchange of a vapour of the coating secreted into the surroundings.
12
Content available Effect of atmosphere in a foundry mould on casting surface quality
Chojecki A., Mocek J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2012
|
Vol. 12, iss. 1
13-18
EN
Changes of gas pressure in the moulding sand in the zone adjacent to mould cavity were analysed during pouring of cast iron. No significant effect of pressure on the surface quality of castings was observed. In the second series of tests, the concentration of hydrogen in the gas atmosphere was measured. It has been found that the value of this concentration depends on metal composition and is particularly high in cast iron containing magnesium. This is due to the reduction of water vapour with the element that has high affinity to oxygen. The presence of hydrogen causes the formation of gas-induced defects on the casting surface.
13
Content available remote The effect of dynamic wetting in a sand – binder system on the sand mould strength
Hutera B.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2009
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Vol. 54, iss. 2
413-419
EN
The results of the investigations of quartz wetting by binders of different chemical structure of their molecules were presented. The following binders were used in the investigations: – alkyd binders (containing long chains of the polyphtalic acid glycol esters), – epoxy binders (containing functional epoxy group), – sodium silicate. The changes in the contact angle are best expressed by the exponential function (Equation 1) with constants related to physico-chemical parameters of the liquid binder, i.e. the viscosity and dynamic wetting. The high dynamics of the wetting process requires low viscosity of the binder and depends on the chemical structure of the binder molecule. The following parameters were proposed as criteria for evaluation of the dynamic wetting process: - Δθ = θr - θ0 where θ0 is the starting contact angle, and θr is the value of equilibrium angle, - which is the time taken by the system to reach the stationary condition. The chain structure, typical of e.g. alkyd binder, favours quick adsorption on the sand grains surface and offers large energy of the phase interactions. This means short time necessary for the system to reach the stationary condition and small contact angles. The high dynamics of the wetting process increases the probability of the formation in sand mixture of the bonding bridges, characterised by advantageous geometrical structure conferring high mechanical strength to the sand. The proposed research methods enable better evaluation of the binder applicability in preparation of sands characterised by optimum mechanical properties.
PL
Wpracy przedstawiono wyniki badań zwilżalności kwarcu przez spoiwa o zróżnicowanej chemicznej strukturze cząsteczki. Do badań zastosowano spoiwo: – alkidowe (zawierające długie łańcuchy estrów poliglikoloftalowych), – epoksydowe (zawierające funkcyjną grupę epoksydową), – szkło wodne. Zmiany kąta zwilżania w czasie najlepiej ujmuje funkcja wykładnicza (równ. 1) zawierająca stałe związane z parametrami fizykochemicznymi ciekłego spoiwa – lepkością i dynamiką zwilżania. Wysoka dynamika zwilżania uwarunkowana jest mała lepkością oraz chemiczną strukturą czasteczki spoiwa. Do oceny dynamiki zwilżania zaproponowano następujące parametry: - Δθ = θr - θ0 gdzie θ0 jest początkowym kątem zwilżania a θr wartością kąta równowagowego, – θr czas dojścia układu do stanu stacjonarnego. Struktura łancuchowa (jaką odznacza się np. spoiwo alkidowe) sprzyja szybkiej adsorpcji na powierzchni osnowy i dużej energii oddziaływań międzyfazowych. Wskazują na to krótkie czasy dojścia układu do stanu stacjonarnego i małe wartości kąta zwilżania. Wysoka dynamika zwilżania zwiększa prawdopodobienstwo powstania w masie mostków wiążących o korzystnej strukturze geometrycznej nadających jej wysoka wytrzymałość mechaniczną. Zaproponowana metodyka badawcza umożliwia lepszą niż dotychczas ocene przydatności spoiwa do sporządzania mas o optymalnych właściwosciach wytrzymałościowych.
14
Content available remote The identification of pouring conditions of cast iron to sand moulds
Borowiecki B., Ignaszak Z.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 1
19-22
EN
The structure and properties of the castings in cast iron put on spheroidization depend especially on the pouring conditions. Decisive factor of local castings properties can be the flow ability of liquid metal in sand mould, which depends not only on chemical constitutions but also on temperature and velocity of pouring. The parameter, which take into consideration various factors is a substitute rheological parameter [...] proposed in early author's papers [1, 2]. The parameter determined in fluidity test can be used to calculation of thickness of rheological boundary layer metal in gating system channel and in casting. The identification a thermal properties of sand mould material has been require of investigation proposed in literature [3, 4]. In the article presented also the experimental of measurement results of metal levels in piezometers located on the horizontal cross gate.
15
Content available remote Erosion phenomena in sand moulds
Chojecki A., Mocek J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 1 spec.
49--52
EN
Authors studied the erosion phenomena in sand moulds poured with cast iron. The study comprises an evaluation of erosion resistance of the three sands: green sand, sand bonded with inorganic or organic binder. It was concluded that the most resistant is the classic green sand with the addition of 5 % coal dust. Resistance of the sand with organic binder is generally weak and depends on kind of used raisin. Special attention was paid to the sands with no organic binder water glass and phosphate. It was found that their resistance depends on dehydratation conditions. When the mould is stored in law humidity of atmosphere the very strong erosion can be expected. It results from the micro fractures in the bridges of binders, joining the grains of the sable. This phenomena facilitates the tearing away of fragments of sand from the surface.
16
Content available remote Stanowisko do badania wymiany ciepła w układzie odlew walca-cylindryczna forma piaskowa
Mutwil J.
Archiwum Technologii Maszyn i Automatyzacji
|
2004
|
Vol. 24, nr 1
25-34
PL
W artykule opisano sposób wykonywania cylindrycznych form piaskowych i precyzyjnego instalowania w nich termoelementów o małej bezwładności. Przedstawiono przykładowe pomiary temperatury w układzie odlew-forma.
EN
A preparation procedure of cylindrical sand moulds and the installing procedure of the low thermal inertia thermocouples in them have been described. Exemplary measurements of thermal field's in casting-mould system have been presented.
17
Content available remote Nieniszczące badania kinetyki zmian właściwości mas formierskich w warstwie przypowierzchniowej formy
Zych J.
Archiwum Technologii Maszyn i Automatyzacji
|
2004
|
Vol. 24, nr 1 sp
213-222
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nieniszczących zmian właściwości masy ze szkłem wodnym w warstwie przypowierzchniowej formy zalanej ciekłym metalem. Zastosowano nową, opracowaną przez autora, metodę ultradźwiękową. Szybkość rozchodzenia się fali w masie formierskiej zależy w głównej mierze od wytrzymałości mostków utworzonych ze spoiwa chemicznego lub lepiszcza. W trakcie nagrzewania masy jej wytrzymałość ulega daleko idącym zmianom. Masa w czasie nagrzewania może zarówno zmniejszać, jak i zwiększać swą wytrzymałość. Dla kształtowania jakości odlewów istotna jest chwilowa wartość wytrzymałości w powiązaniu z temperaturą metalu, fazą stygnięcia odlewu, fazą zjawisk skurczowych itp. Na przykładzie masy ze szkłem wodnym wykazano, że opracowana metoda pozwala monitorować zmiany zachodzące w nagrzewanej i stygnącej masie w sposób nieniszczący i ciągły - od zalania formy metalem do wystygnięcia odlewu.
EN
The paper presents results of nondestructive investigations of properties change of water-glass bonded mould sands in the surface layer of mould poured with molten metal. The investigations were performed using an ultrasonic method elaborated by the author. An ultrasonic wave-speed in the sand mould mostly depends on the strength of bridges created from binder. The strength of mould sand changes significantly during heating. Mould sand strength during healing can either increase or decrease. The important thing for formation of casting quality is the temporary value of the moulding sands strength in connection with metal temperature, a casting cooling phase, contraction effects phase, etc. The investigations performed on water-glass bonded moulding sand showed, that the method permits continuous and nondestructive tracing of changes taking place in heated and cooled moulding sand, from pouring molten metal into the mould to complete cooling of the casting.
18
Content available remote Badania wymiany ciepła w układzie odlew-forma piaskowa
Mutwil J.
Archiwum Technologii Maszyn i Automatyzacji
|
2003
|
Vol. 23, Nr 1
93-104
PL
Opisano sposób precyzyjnego instalowania w formach piaskowych termoelementów o małej bezwładności cieplnej. Przedstawiono przykładowe pomiary pól temperatury w układzie odlew-forma.
EN
An installing procedure of the low thermal inertia thermocouples in sand moulds has been described. Exemplary measurements of thermal fields in casting-mould system have been presented.
19
Content available remote Proces erozji form piaskowych ze spoiwem-szkłem wodnym
Mocek J.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2003
|
R. 3, nr 10
23--30
PL
Praca niniejsza zawiera jakościową ocenę odporności erozyjnej form piaskowych ze spoiwem szkła wodnego. Badania tej właściwości prowadzono w zależności od zmieniających się wybranych czynników technologicznych tj. temperatury zalewania i kąta padania strumienia metalu na powierzchnię wnęki formy. Odporność erozyjną powiązano z kinetyką nagrzewania się formy i wytrzymałością na rozciąganie masy formierskiej w podwyższonych temperaturach.
EN
This work consist of quantitative analysis leading to evaluation of erosional resistance of sand moulds prepared with waterless binding Tests included the various technological factors eg. pouring temperature of metal and angle of molten metal stream declination effecting the erosion of internal mould cavity The mould resistance on corrosion is correlated with heating kinetics of sand und with tensile strength of sand mixture at elevated temperature.
20
Content available remote Zjawisko erozji w formach wykonywanych z mas ze spoiwami chemicznymi
Zych J., Mocek J.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2002
|
R. 2, nr 3
155--162
PL
Wykonano badania nad określeniem odporności erozyjnej mas wiązanych spoiwami chemicznymi: żywicami furanowymi i szkłem wodnym. Zjawisko erozji w masach ze spoiwami organicznymi przebiega intensywnie szczególnie przy słabym zagęszczeniu masy i wysokiej temperaturze metalu. Formy z tych mas muszą mieć zabezpieczaną powierzchnię roboczą odpowiednią powłoką. Erozja formy ze szkłem jest mniej intensywna, ale może obejmować większe powierzchnie z uwagi na wysoką osypliwość tej masy, wymagają więc również stosowania pokryć ochronnych.
EN
Within a framework of this work the erosive resistivity of chemical (e.g. furan resin and water-glass) bonded sand moulds was investigated. Erosion of moulding sands with organic binders is very intensive particulary in the case of low density of the moulding sand and high temperature of the poured metal. Working surface of mould made of these moulding sands should be covered with proper coating. Erosion of the mould made of sand bonded with water-glass is less intensive, but it can envelop greater area because of a larger liquidyty of that moulding sand, so in that case the protective coating should also be applicated.
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