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Civil defense in Poland from a historical perspective

Ostrowska Renata

Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces

2021

Vol. 53, No. 3(201)

496--506

The subject of the study is the history of the creation and development of civil defense activities in Poland. The issue is crucial as it illustrates the history of transformations of defense formations, such as Air and Antigas Defense, Universal Self-Defense into the Civil Defense formation, and the scope and duties of Civil Defense in the protection of property, health, and life of people in the interwar period until modern times.

Przedmiotem opracowania jest historia powstania i rozwój działalności Obrony cywilnej w Polsce. Podjęcie tematu jest istotne, gdyż obrazuje historię przekształceń formacji obronnych między innymi takich jak: Ochrona Przeciwlotnicza i Przeciwgazowa, Powszechna Samoobrona w formację Obrony cywilnej oraz zakres i obowiązki działania Obrony cywilnej w ochronie mienia, zdrowia i życia ludzi w latach międzywojennych do okresu lat współczesnych.

Samoobrona powszechna w obronie narodowej RP

Kitler W.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2000

nr 1(38)

11-29

In the light of Polish law regulations, common self-defence is a component of civil defence in the area of population protection and rescuing the injured, provided that civil defence has an inter-disciplinary dimension and is conducted not only by civil defence forces. The activities of the population’s common defence include only wartime and the warthreatening period, activities of a getting ready character refer only to peacetime. This state does not reflect the reality as current threats to national security concern not only wartime events but also many others, both of conflict and non-conflict character. National defence - that is the whole means and forces of the state, their mutual relations and processes (procedures and mechanisms), influencing their environment in order to prevent and counteract all kinds of threats aiming at the national interest, threats against social values which could lead to break off social, economic and political ties. Common self-defence has its place in national defence. It is a form of national defence, which consists in spontaneous (permanent and temporary) population’s organisation in their place of residence in order to counteract life and health hazards, threats to their possession, to the environment resulting from human actions and nature forces - against people and the nature. Common self-defence includes non-governmental activities participated by nongovernmental institutions, churches and individual citizens who in time of threat undertake individual or collective preventive actions.