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Badanie wilgotności i zasolenia murów oraz sklepień ceramicznych w historycznym obiekcie militarnym

Matkowski Zygmunt

Materiały Budowlane

2021

nr 3

21--23

W artykule zawarto opis stanu technicznego, wyniki badań wilgotności masowej murów oraz sklepień ceramicznych w podziemnym historycznym obiekcie militarnym. Badania wykonano za pomocą tradycyjnej metody grawimetrycznej i metody nieniszczącej dielektrycznej. Zamieszczono również wyniki badań rodzaju i stężenia soli w murach. Na podstawie analizy uzyskanych rezultatów oceniono stopień zawilgocenia i zasolenia murów. Uzyskane wyniki badań zostały wykorzystane na etapie projektowania zabezpieczeń przeciwwilgociowych.

The paper presents a description of the technical condition as well as moisture content by weight test results concerning ceramic vaults in a historical military facility. The tests were performed by means of the traditional gravimetric method and the dielectric non-destructive method. Furthermore, the tests results determining the salt types and their concentration in the walls were presented. The obtained test results were taken into account while designing damp-proofing.

Elimination of selected anions and cations from water by means of the Donnan dialysis

Wiśniewski J. A., Kabsch-Korbutowicz M.

Environment Protection Engineering

2017

Vol. 43, nr 3

189--205

The usefulness of the Donnan dialysis has been assessed for the elimination of harmful (bromide, bromate and nitrate) or troublesome (calcium and magnesium) ions from water. The rate and efficiency of ion exchange were examined. For anion removal Selemion AM V or Neosepta ACS membranes were used while for cation removal - Neosepta CMX or Selemion CMV ones. The influence of membrane properties and salt concentration in the receiver was investigated.

Saline wastewater treatment in membrane distillation crystallizer

Gryta M., Morawski A. W.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2002

Vol. 4, nr 3

24-26

The studies concerning the application of membrane distillation (MD) for the concentration of saline spent solution integrated with salt crystallisation have been reported. The MD experiments were performed with polypropylene capillary membranes. These membranes had pore sizes with a nominal and maximum diameter of 0.2 and 0.6 ujn, respectively, and 70% porosity. The crystallisation of salt onto the membrane surfaces has been observed during the concentration of the supersaturated solution (at low temperature of distillate), which resulted in a membrane wettability and a decline of the distillate flux. An increase of the distillate temperature to 328 K allowed eliminating this problem, and as a consequence the stabilisation of the distillate flux was achieved. During the MD process integrated with crystallisation, the amount of NaCl in the range of 15 - 80 kg nrxr'was obtained.