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1
Content available Selected problems of risk evaluation of change in certified civil aviation organisations
Markiewicz Telesfor Marek, Markowski Piotr
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
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2022
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z. 114
79--89
EN
This article presents some of the generalised results of this research conducted in the form of a diagnostic survey among Safety Managers and a review of safety risk management procedures, including the rules of change risk evaluation, applied in selected civil aviation organisations subject to the survey. This publication aimed to put them under the discussion of experts interested in the issues. Important problems resulting from the necessity to meet general guidelines standardising processes of risk management, formulated in international law regulations [2], as well as in advisory materials of the International Civil Aviation Organisation [6-8], and others [3, 4], including national ones [11], in confrontation with the need for their practical application, were described. Concerning the general rule of risk evaluation described there, inconsistencies in interpretation of the scale of probability and frequency indices and their influence on the evaluation context were pointed out. A model, considering the time aspect in Event Tree Analysis - ETA procedures based on [5, 9], was proposed. Perceived threats to the results of change risk evaluation caused by applying the "the worst foreseeable situation" principle were described. A different approach in the evaluation of change risk based on a comprehensive assessment of the impact of all identified risks on the defined effect was also proposed. Proposals were made to eliminate the disadvantage resulting from the definition of the probability index value – "extremely improbate".
2
Content available Voice on quantitative methods in risk management by an air operator
Makowski Piotr
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
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z. 109
103--116
EN
This article is devoted to the diagnosis of problems arising from risk management obligations under the safety management system implemented in civil organisations of certified air operators (carriers). Focus was on the use of quantitative methods in safety risk analysis. The idea of an approach to determine the probability of accidents and serious incidents based on the intensity of symptoms with lower consequences and risk factors as a function of time or number of performed air operations was proposed, based on Markov discrete processes [6,10-12,16]. The essence of this approach is explained by the mathematical model of Runway Excursion probability during landing operations. The concept of improvement of operators' cooperation in the exchange of information about safety indicators by profiling the organisation was presented. The last proposal concerns the construction of a comprehensive risk assessment indicator using a safety risk matrix.
3
Content available Modelling the ranking of lithuanian railways level crossing by safety level
Bureika G., Komaiško M., Jastremskas V.
Transport Problems
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2017
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T. 12, z. spec.
11--22
EN
The article describes the assessment of safety of Lithuanian Railways level crossing. The statistical analysis of the railway accidents in Lithuania and abroad in recent years has shown that about 30% of all transport accidents in railway occur at railway level crossings. The safety assessment of the country's crossings is carried out considering the following technical criteria: the category of crossing, visibility, the intensity of the movement of trains and road vehicle, the width of the railway crossing, and the maximum speed of trains. Applying the binary model of logistic regression, the probability of accidents at the 337 railway crossings of the country was calculated. Depending on the degree of risk or the probability of accident, the country's railway crossings are ranked. The most dangerous crossings of four regions in the country were identified. Finally, the main conclusions and recommendations are presented.
4
Content available Causes of the powerplants failures installed on Polish civil aviation aircraft
Balicki W., Głowacki P.
Combustion Engines
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2017
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R. 56, nr 1
110--121
EN
Currently in Poland about 2,500 different engine types are installed on the aircraft. In the years 2008-2016 powerplants failures caused nearly 600 aviation events. Aborted flight or emergency landing, especially in the case of aircraft powered by a single piston engine occurred. The objective of the article was to determine the failure causes and assessment of their impact on the flight safety. Engine faults were assigned to particular types of powerplants, for example turboshaft, piston, etc. Causes of the failures were examined, assigning ATA chapter to each of them. Also human factor was taken into account. According to the ICAO methodology, aviation safety engine systems essential for flight safety and theirs impact on the safety risk was determined. The results of the analyzes presented in this article are useful for managing the national aviation safety and supervising SMS in aviation organizations. The article shows that preventive measures to raise the level of aviation safety should be taken. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the powerplants failure causes and an evaluation of their influence on the level of aviation safety in Poland.
5
Content available Safety performance indicators assessment for small aircraft airframe systems
Balicki W., Głowacki P., Loroch L.
Journal of KONES
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2016
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Vol. 23, No. 2
31--38
EN
Safety performance indicators are the parameters used for monitoring and assessing safety performance. Such factors are determined based on available safety databases, collected on government level (in Poland Civil Aviation Authority) or by aircraft operators. Aircraft system failure during different flight phases can cause an accident or an incident. Polish Civil Aviation Authority between other data bases manages two important ones called: European Coordination Centre for Aviation Incident Reporting Systems (ECCAIRS) and Aircraft Continuing Airworthiness Monitoring (ACAM).General Aviation (GA) operates mainly aircraft with MTOM<5700 kg powered by the single piston engine. At present, reliability of GA aircraft systems in Poland is unknown. Increasing size of this fleet in Poland requires taking necessary measures in order to establish safety risks and safety performance targets for GA fleet. The authors have performed processing of the data included in available databases analysing airframe failures based on criteria like: phases of flight, ATA chapters concerning aircraft systems and the category of occurrence. The goal of this article is to present method of the current reliability of GA aircraft systems assessment. The results of this analysis can support the decisions of supervisory authorities in the areas where security threats are most important also can help production organizations in identification of the aircraft systems, which required design changes.
6
Content available remote Integration of occupational safety analysis in construction projects
Kozlovská M., Struková Z.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska
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2012
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z. 59, nr 1/I
117-131
EN
Construction is world over thought to be a very hazardous industry. According to the International Labour Organization, it accounts for 30-40% of the world`s fatal injuries and non-fatal injuries occur most frequently than in other industries. Many different approaches to safety should be considered and implemented in order to reduce on-site safety risks and to achieve the goal of less or zero injuries. One of the key steps to achieve adequate safety levels at the construction phase of the project consists in safety risk analysis in pre-construction phase. The paper deals with the approaches to occupational safety risks analysis in construction and introduces the methodology of safety hazards identification and evaluation of risk levels for all identified hazards. The methodology was applied in the project of Shopping Centre Aupark in Košice. In this application the specific nature of construction process, uniqueness of construction site workplace, two degree decomposition of construction safety hazards and their synergy effects are considered.
7
Content available remote New approaches to health and safety in building industry
Kozlovska M., Strukova Z.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Budownictwo
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2010
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R. 107, z. 1-B
223-230
EN
The building industry is one of the most dangerous sectors regarding the occupational health and safety all over the world. In the first part of the paper innovative methods of health and safety education by practical educational forms and tools are described. These forms are based on active creation of positive access into occupational health and safety insurance, not on legislation memorizing. In other part of the paper new approaches to perception of safety risk in building industry are presented. There are systemized safety dangers and risks in building as from point of time as from space and described relative continuities among safety risks, influenced by spatial, technological and time parameters of the building process, as well as by lonely conditions at building site.
PL
Przemysł budowlany na całym świecie stanowi jeden z najniebezpieczniejszych sektorów pod względem zawodowego ryzyka zdrowotnego i bezpieczeństwa. Pierwsza część artykułu opisuje innowacyjne metody edukacji w zakresie BHP z zastosowaniem praktycznych form i narzędzi edukacyjnych. Formy te opierają się na aktywnym tworzeniu pozytywnego podejścia do zabezpieczeń zdrowia i bezpieczeństwa, a nie na uczeniu się na pamięć przepisów prawnych. W drugiej części przedstawiono nowe podejścia do postrzegania zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa w budownictwie. Zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa w budownictwie zostały usystematyzowane ze względu na czas i przestrzeń oraz opisano względną ciągłość zagrożeń pod wpływem przestrzennych, technologicznych i czasowych parametrów procesu budowlanego oraz samych warunków na placu budowy.
8
Zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa wagonów kolejowych wyeksploatowanymi systemami automatycznego rozrządzania
Cieślakowski S.
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Pojazdów / Politechnika Warszawska
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2006
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z. 2/61
13-18
PL
W pracy opracowano metodę obliczania dopuszczalnej wartości błędu działania hamulców docelowych w automatycznych systemach rozrządzania wagonów.
EN
A method of computing acceptable value of operating error of target brakes in automatic carriage marshalling systems is developed.
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