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Stability Analysis of a Bulk Carrier under Damage Scenarios during the Loading of Polymetallic Nodules in the Clarion–Clipperton Zone

Kacprzak Paweł

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2025

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Vol. 19 No. 2

431--438

EN

A potential consequence of loading polymetallic nodules (PMNs) in a marine environment is liquefaction. During loading operations in the Clarion–Clipperton Zone (CCZ), the ship is exposed to cyclic rolling and pitching, which increases the risk of cargo liquefaction. This phenomenon poses a particular danger when PMNs liquefy under certain conditions. Combined with cargo shifting, liquefaction can significantly compromise the vessel's transverse stability —even when it occurs in a single cargo hold. Due to the limited operational experience in transporting PMNs, this study investigates the key risk factors affecting ship stability. The research discusses the likelihood of liquefaction, the influence of wind lever arms, and critical roll amplitudes under conditions where the weather criterion is not fulfilled. These aspects are analyzed through three representative damage scenarios. The findings indicate that, for the vessel analyzed, flooding in a single compartment does not result in overall stability failure. However, strict monitoring of cargo moisture content in relation to the transportable moisture limit (TML) remains essential to mitigate risks. The study concludes with practical recommendations to assist ship operators in managing these challenges effectively.

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Spatial Development of Modern Port Structure and Sustainable Urban Growth within Multifunctional Organization

Gerigk Mateusz

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2025

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Vol. 19 No. 2

441--446

EN

Modern port city areas face enormous opportunities due to their coastal location. The possibility of integrating water area into a city area highlights the issue of spatial planning. It is obvious that such locations allow for the development of industrial and port infrastructure. But the major question is how these areas should develop in terms of architecture and urban planning. The aim of the paper is to define the design parameters for maritime areas in the context of the modern city, as well as with regard to sustainable development of these structures. The analysis of modern port centres allows for indicating the directions of development in the pursuit of expansion into water areas. The scale of modern commercial and industrial structure may become dominant, and sometimes even limit the multidirectional development of the city. However, the key issue is how to design these areas in the future, also in relation to the social perspective.

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Soft Values in Port-city Relationships: Case of Reidi Road and Port of Tallinn

Rauk Kristel, Tapaninen Ulla

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2025

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Vol. 19 No. 2

459--467

EN

Ports and cities have historically been strongly linked and developed in close association with each other. This study focuses on analysing the case of Tallinn Reidi Road. The methodology is based on tangible soft assets of ports based on framework Soft Values of Ports. The aim of this study is to clarify how cooperation between Port of Tallinn AS and the City of Tallinn, through the Reidi Road project, has influenced the visibility, perception, and integration of tangible soft values in port-city relationships. The case study demonstrates how different stakeholders assess and experience the multidimensional role of a port in society. Results indicate that the Port of Tallinn and the City of Tallinn acknowledge and value the significance of soft values. In addition, this study provides practical recommendations and suggestions that can help city and port officials, policy makers and urban planners to better understand and integrate soft values in future development projects. In particular, soft value initiatives should be incorporated by port authorities in cooperation with local authorities.

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Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Passive Free Surface Tank on Rolling Motion of Batang-Type Traditional Fishing Vessel

Chrismianto Deddy, Yudo Hartono, Arswendo Adietya Berlian, Firdhaus Ahmad, Abel Salassella Alfian

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2025

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Vol. 19 No. 2

407--416

EN

Ship accidents are caused by various factors, one of which is excessive roll motion that can lead to capsizing. To address excessive rolling, the passive free surface tank device is a potential solution that can be applied. In order to ensure good performance of the passive free surface tank, it is necessary to investigate the effect of the tank's dimensional configuration on the damping it generates. By identifying the best tank configuration, it is hoped that this study can provide useful references for the design of passive free surface tanks, especially for traditional fishing vessels. The analysis begins by creating several tank specimens with variations in length and fluid height. The performance of the passive free surface tank is evaluated based on the RMS values generated by the ship with the tank, which are then compared to the RMS values of the ship without a tank. In the analysis, FEM-based software is used to assist in the calculations. The results show that the ship with the addition of passive free surface tank type C1 produces the highest roll damping, with a damping percentage of 20.01% at empty load, 25.12% at half load, and 24.37% at full load.

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Design and Implement an Automatic Smart Buoy System for a Bulgarian Safe Beach Areas – Part 2

Dimitrov Ivan, Iliev Iliyan, Hristov Daniel, Mavrodiev Tsetoslav

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2025

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Vol. 19 No. 2

387--391

EN

The Internet of Things (IoT) is undergoing rapid expansion, transforming industries and everyday life through interconnected devices and data-driven decision-making. As IoT adoption accelerates, ensuring its accessibility and usability for non-technical users becomes increasingly critical. Simplified interaction with IoT systems facilitates broader adoption and maximizes their potential to improve safety, efficiency, and convenience. This aspect is particularly crucial in the domain of coastal safety, where IoT technologies can play a pivotal role. By integrating IoT into a smart buoy system, real-time data on water conditions, weather patterns, and swimmer safety can be continuously monitored and seamlessly communicated to lifeguards and beach visitors. The effectiveness of such a system relies on an intuitive and user-friendly design, enabling individuals without technical expertise to engage with its functionalities effortlessly. IoT serves as the foundation of this innovation, providing seamless connectivity, data sharing, and automation. Prioritizing IoT integration in critical safety solutions such as smart buoys underscores its potential to enhance life-saving measures while contributing to the development of more intelligent, secure, and interconnected environment.