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Zawartość rtęci w osadach dennych rzek Rudawa i Prądnik

Klojzy-Karczmarczyk B., Mazurek J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2015

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Vol. 63, nr 10/1

820--24

EN

Aquatic ecosystems, including river sediments, are particularly vulnerable to contamination with mercury compounds. One of the most visible effects of increased mercury pollution are changes in the concentration of this element in the bottom sediments of rivers that collect surface water from industrial areas, where numerous sources of mercury emissions are found. The aim of the study conducted in 2014, was to assess mercury contamination of the bottom sediments in the Rudawa and Pr¹dnik rivers in areas with different land use: urban-industrial and agricultural, and thus to recognize the possibility of a potential threat to the environment including the groundwater. For the purpose of comparison, results of research conducted by the authors for the Chech³o river bottom sediments in 2007 were used. Mercury contamination of bottom sediments of the Rudawa, Pr¹dnik rivers and the previously studied Chech³o river is characterized by considerable diversity and variability from the spring to their mouth. The highest mercury contamination was found in the sediments of the Chech³o river, especially in the mining area. Average mercury content in the sediments of the Chech³o river is 0.380 mg/kg. The studies have shown the lowest mercury content in the Rudawa river sediments, where the mean values are between 0.066 mg/kg and 0.071 mg/kg, depending on the depth of sampling. The mean levels of mercury in the sediments of the Pr¹dnik river are higher at between 0.203 and 0.246 mg/kg. Mercury contamination in the river Pr¹dnik’s sediments increases in the lower course, particularly in the vicinity of Krakow metropolitan area. No observed a clear correlation between total mercury content in the test samples and the share of silt and clay fractions in the bottom sediments.

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Wpływ zbiorników retencyjnych na ujęciu z Rudawy na jakość wody przeznaczonej do zaopatrzenia Krakowa

Pawełek J., Grenda W.

Ochrona Środowiska

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2011

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Vol. 33, nr 4

63-66

PL

Kraków jest zaopatrywany w wodę m.in. z Rudawy, której jakość, szczególnie podczas wezbrań, powoduje znaczne utrudnienia w eksploatacji zakładu oczyszczania wody. W celu ograniczenia tych trudności w 1998 r. wybudowano na ujęciu wody dwa zbiorniki retencyjne o powierzchni 36,7 ha i objętości całkowitej 981 tys. m3. W pracy dokonano oceny wpływu tych zbiorników na zmiany wartości wybranych wskaźników jakości wody ujmowanej z Rudawy na skutek jej retencjonowania. W tym celu wykorzystano wyniki badań jakości wody (mętność, barwa, azot amonowy, fosforany oraz chlorofil a) z pięciolecia 2006-2010 w pięciu punktach poboru na trasie jej przepływu od ujęcia poprzez osadniki, zbiorniki retencyjne (na ich dopływie i odpływie), do w studni zbiorczej na terenie zakładu oczyszczania wody "Rudawa". Wykazano, że wprowadzenie zbiorników do eksploatacji spowodowało poprawę jakości wody dostarczanej do układu oczyszczania. Średnia mętność i barwa oraz zawartości azotu amonowego i fosforanów w wodzie uległy zmniejszeniu. Szczególnie korzystny okazał się wpływ zbiorników na zmniejszenie mętności wody. Podkreślono, że woda zgromadzona w zbiornikach retencyjnych spełnia rolę zapasu w czasie pogorszenia jakości wody w rzece podczas wezbrań i incydentalnych zanieczyszczeń.

EN

One of the sources of municipal water for the city of Krakow is the Rudawa river. The quality of its water, however, raised operating problems in the treatment plant, specifically during floods or over periods of incidental contamination. To reduce water quality deterioration which is concomitant with those recurrent events, two storage reservoirs (of an area of 36.7 ha and a total volume of 981,000 m3) were constructed at the riverine water intake. Both have been in service since 1998. The aim of the study reported on in this paper was to assess the contribution of the storage reservoirs to the changes in some of the parameters describing the quality of the taken-in riverine water. This was achieved by scrutinizing the results of water quality analyses (turbidity, color, ammonia nitrogen, phosphates and chlorophyll a) performed in the time span of 2006 to 2010 at five sampling points along the pathway of the water from the intake, through the settling tanks and the two storage reservoirs (at their inflow and outflow), to the raw water well within the premises of the Rudawa Water Treatment Plant. The results of the study make it clear that the storage reservoirs have upgraded the quality of the water entering the treatment plant: the average values of turbidity and color, as well as those of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate concentrations, have been reduced. The favorable influence of the storage reservoirs is particularly distinct in the case of turbidity removal. Moreover, the water stored in the reservoirs is kept in reserve, to enable safe municipal supply during floods or incidental deterioration.

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Tendencje zmian jakości wód rzeki Rudawy (w latach 1990-2004)

Miernik W., Wałęga A.

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

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2009

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Nr 9

40-42