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1

A sparse pair-preserving centroid-based supervised learning method for high-dimensional biomedical data or images

Kalina Jan, Matonoha Ctirad

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 40, no. 2

774--786

EN

In various biomedical applications designed to compare two groups (e.g. patients and controls in matched case-control studies), it is often desirable to perform a dimensionality reduction in order to learn a classification rule over high-dimensional data. This paper considers a centroid-based classification method for paired data, which at the same time performs a supervised variable selection respecting the matched pairs design. We propose an algorithm for optimizing the centroid (prototype, template). A subsequent optimization of weights for the centroid ensures sparsity, robustness to outliers, and clear interpretation of the contribution of individual variables to the classification task. We apply the method to a simulated matched case-control study dataset, to a gene expression study of acute myocardial infarction, and to mouth localization in 2D facial images. The novel approach yields a comparable performance with standard classifiers and outperforms them if the data are contaminated by outliers; this robustness makes the method relevant for genomic, metabolomic or proteomic high-dimensional data (in matched case-control studies) or medical diagnostics based on images, as (excessive) noise and contamination are ubiquitous in biomedical measurements.

2

Retardacja jako element konceptualizacji rozwoju zrównoważonego

Janikowski R.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2013

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Nr 34

5--16

PL

Pojęcie retardacji materialnej i niematerialnej można uznać za kanoniczny element strategii wdrażania rozwoju zrównoważonego. Nieodnawialne zasoby środowiska Ziemi są ograniczone i skończone, nie tylko w lokalnym czy regionalnym kontekście, są one skończone i wyczerpywalne także w kontekście globalnym. Konieczne jest spowolnienie konsumowania zasobów, a oznacza to zmianę kulturową. Kategoria retardacji materialnej i niematerialnej z uwagi na wielowymiarowość wymaga dalszych pogłębionych badań oraz upowszechnienia pozytywnych przykładów.

EN

Category material and immaterial retardation is the canonical element of the strategy for the implementation of sustainable development. Earth's non-renewable environmental resources are limited and finite, not only in the local or regional context, they are finite and exhaustible also in a global context. It is necessary to slow down consumption of resources, and it means cultural change. Category material and immaterial retardation in view of the multi-dimensional needs further in-depth research and disseminating positive examples.

3

Does genome size explain rarity in beetles? The case from Coccinelidae and Chrysomelidae families

Zalewski M., Ciurzycki W.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 3

585-591

EN

Accumulation of selfish DNA in cells has fundamental consequences for organism metabolism. Detrimental effects of large genome size have been demonstrated for several aspects of performance in plant and animal species. Here we check if a large genome affects occupancy among Coccinelidae and Chrysomelidae occurring in Poland. It was possible to match literature data on distribution and genome-size data for 19 species of chrysomelids and 10 species of coccinelids of different rarity (occurrence expressed as % of Poland area) and body size. There was a marginally significant (P = 0.04) and expected excess of species with large genomes among rare species (<0.73% of area), as well as an excess of species with small genomes among common species (>0.89% of area) However overall correlation was not significant (P = 0.13). Body size was not related to rarity in these species. The detection of this weak signal provides a clue to the important idea that large-scale patterns may stem from differences observed at the cellular level.