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Procedure of generating the individually matched bone scaffolds

Słowiński J.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2011

Vol. 13, no. 3

15-25

The pace of modern life forced continuous high readiness and proper condition of motion systems on human beings. The techniques used in medicine and orthopaedics enable treatment of even highly complicated injuries and pathological states. One of them involves the use of bone scaffolding – the technique being intensively developed, which seems to have a promising future. Based on a numerical modelling, it is possible to match that type of implant to the needs of individual patient, with consideration for both biomechanical factors (patient weight, bone size and its defects) and the applicable implantation techniques. Vast possibilities are offered by the application of the finite element method as a technique enabling verification of an implant with the individually matched geometry and material. The paper presents the procedure aimed at generating the bone scaffold structure that enables the stresses created in the contact places of implant with the surrounding bone tissue to be reduced. High stresses may lead to local damages to the tissue and, in extreme cases, to the destruction of a scaffold. The present procedure is based on the theory of genetic algorithms and, due to several models widely known in biomechanics, allows stresses in places of bone contact with implant to be significantly reduced.