Degradation of surface water quality that is in contact with acid mine drainage belongs to the serious environmental problems in Slovak Republic. Mainly abandoned sulphide mines produce AMD with high metal concentrations and low value of the pH (about 3-4) which has negative impact on water ecosystems. Nowadays treatment of AMD incIudes passive and active systems. While passive treatment systems don't require continuous chemical inputs and that take advantage of naturally occurring chemical and biological processes to clean contaminated mine waters, active treatment system involves controlled physical, chemical and biological methods often based on pH increasing and the recovery of precipitate metaIs from AMD sludge. The paper presents results of used selected physical-chemical and biological-chemical methods of AMD treatment for aluminium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc removal from acid mine water originated in mine Smolnik in Slovak Republic.
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The results of air exposure of a pulp containing dissolved iron have been studied using laboratory batch flotation experiments. Sulphide ore from three different stockpiles of a complex zinc/lead deposit was used. The pulp parameters such as pH, Eh, ion concentrations and dissolved oxygen concentrations were monitored along with metallurgical performance in zinc and lead differential flotation. Changes in iron concentration are correlated with most of the pulp parameters observed. A mechanism is proposed to explain this behaviour. This mechanism, combined with the metallurgical results, indicates that dissolved iron protects the surface of the minerals in the pulp against oxidation by scavenging oxygen dissolved in the slurry. The most visible influence of this phenomenon was observed on pyrite deportment; however, galena and sphalerite grades and recoveries were also affected.
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