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EN
The implications of the earthquakes that took place in the central Ionian Islands in 2014 (Cephalonia, Mw6.1, Mw5.9) and 2015 (Lefkas, Mw6.4) are described based on repeat measurements of the local GPS networks in Cephalonia and Ithaca, and the available continuous GPS stations in the broader area. The Lefkas earthquake occurred on a branch of the Cephalonia Transform Fault, affecting Cephalonia with SE displacements gradually decreasing from north (~100 mm) to south (~10 mm). This earthquake revealed a near N–S dislocation boundary separating Paliki Peninsula in western Cephalonia from the rest of the island, as well as another NW–SE trending fault that separates kinematically the northern and southern parts of Paliki. Strain field calculations during the interseismic period (2014–2015) indicate compression between Ithaca and Cephalonia, while extension appears during the following co-seismic period (2015–2016) including the 2015 Lefkas earthquake. Additional tectonically active zones with differential kinematic characteristics were also identified locally.
EN
In the area of carbonate or karst Dinarides, besides the dominant carbonate rocks and subordinate clastics, in more places more significant mass of chemical sediments can be found, represented by gypsum and anhydrite. As chemical sediments are specifically lighter than overlying rocks, they have been, during the long geological history, trying to achieve isostatic equilibrium, or get out on the ground surface. In recent times, in areas with chemical sediments, a larger tectonic activity is noted than in the wider environment. This is certainly reflected in increased vertical and tangential displacements along major faults in relation to the surrounding area, which are built mainly of carbonate deposits. Determining the amount of movement of diapiric bodies, as absolute and relative, using the most modern surveying methods, precisely would assist the understanding of the tectonic movements and recent structural relations in a wider area
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano koncepcję rozwoju sieci badawczej do pomiaru efektów związanych ze współczesną aktywnością tektoniczną w obszarze Książańskiego Parku Krajobrazowego. Przedstawiono pierwsze dowody potwierdzające fakt występowania przemieszczeń na powierzchniach nieciągłości o charakterze zdarzeniowym oraz instrumentarium wykorzystane w badaniach. W pracy scharakteryzowano sposób i kierunek rozwoju poligonu geodynamicznego w Książu, a także metodykę i cel prowadzenia obserwacji.
EN
The paper presents the concept for the development of research network for measurements of effects related to modern tectonic activity in the area of Ksiaz Landscape Park. The first evidences for the existence of displacements on the surfaces of discontinuity with event characteristic and the instruments used in the study were described. The way and shape of development of Ksiaz geodynamic polygon were characterized as well as the methodology and purpose of observations.
EN
Since 1997 till 2008, several series of precise GPS measurements have been conducted on specially stabilized points of Geodynamical Network of City of Zagreb with purpose of investigation of tectonic movements and related seismic activity of the wider area of the City of Zagreb. From this series of GPS measurements geodetic model of tectonic movements has been created. In the area of interest, independent geological investigations have been conducted through even longer period of time which resulted in geological model of tectonic movements. Comparison and correlation of these two independent models will be presented in this paper.
EN
The paper sites the facts of genetic connections of layer overpressure in natural basins to the process of fold-forming based on examples of oil-bearing West-Ukrainian basin. The given data, from the authors' point of view, confirm the correctness (equity) of tectonic conception of overpressure layer forming in certain geological settings, that is in regions with younger folding. The authors do not consider Hottman and Johnson (1965) and other scientists' consolidation (compression) theory to be universal for the explanation of the reasons of overpressure forming. Tectonic factor is the dominating factor of overpressure layer forming in folded regions. The paper focuses here on the secondary migration of fluids occurring in sedimentary rocks and also stimulation of overpressure forming in the layers in the crests of the folds. At this process а portion of fluids is squeezed into permeable layers, where their density decreases, and zones of invasion occur above the layers with overpressure.
PL
Śledzenie struktur geologicznych i ruchów tektonicznych w osadach neogeńskich podczas badań sejsmicznych przedstawiono na przykładzie obszaru mierzejowego jeziora Kopań i jeziora Wicko. Podczas badań sejsmicznych wykorzystano aparaturę CS-5G-1, stosowano metodę fal odbitych. W czasie badań terenowych zastosowano przedział pomiarowy Z = 100 ms, co powodowało, że fale sejsmiczne penetrowały osady neogenu i jego podłoża do głębokości 80-100 m p.p.t. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań sejsmicznych, które weryfikowano otworami wiertniczymi, można było wydzielić główne struktury geologiczne osadów holoceńskich, plejstoceńskich i ich podłoża. Bardzo dobrze śledzone były na rejestracjach sejsmicznych w obrębie holocenu grunty słabe pod względem geologiczno-inżynierskim i geotechnicznym, jakimi są mułki organiczne oraz torfy. W obrębie plejstocenu wyróżniono szereg poziomów glacjalnych, glacifluwialnych i fluwialnych. Ważnym zagadnieniem w aspekcie geologiczno-inżynierskim jest możliwość śledzenia w utworach neogenu uskoków młodej tektoniki, gdzie bardzo wyraźnie widać przesunięcia warstw geologicznych. Dokładniejsze poznanie budowy geologicznej badanego obszaru oraz wnikliwa analiza litostratygraficzna osadów mogą umożliwić określenie wieku ruchów neotektonicznych, a zwłaszcza wyznaczenie obszarów, gdzie wymienione wyżej procesy zachodzą współcześnie.
EN
This paper presents results of the tracking of geological structures and tectonic movements in the Neogene deposits by the aid of seismic method in engineering-geological aspect. Author have analysed the area of the Kopań Lake and Wicko Lake spit. Seismic research with use of the apparatus CS-5G-1 (6 channels) as high-resolution seismic investigations were carried out along the designed profiles, which are situated near to the shore of the Baltic Sea. During the seismic investigations, seismic reflective waves were recorded in measuring range Z = 100 ms. The measuring range was useful for the seismic waves, which have penetrated the deeper geological layers even to the top of Pleistocene bedrock. In this case seismic waves reach a value of 80-100 m below the terrain level. Distances between geophones were 10 m, and between profiles 40 m. During the research, there was used constant intensification of seismic impulses amounting from 66-72 dB. Measuring range R = 100 ms causes, that seismic waves reach a frequency of 5 kHz. For the verification of the seismic investigations were executed the geological drillings located on the beach and on the area of the Wicko Lake.
9
Content available Reference frame and model improvements in CEGRN
EN
The CEGRN Consortium decided to reprocess all GPS campaigns according new compiled guidelines. In the contribution these guidelines are introduced. Furthermore it was tested, whether they are also suitable for the first campaigns with their paticularities.
12
Content available remote Cały kraj się obsuwa
EN
The characteristics of geodynamic investigations in the Eastern Sudetes and the Fore-Sudetic Block region during the 1993-2003 period are presented. The investigations included repeated GPS, gravimetric and other observations realized in three local research areas and a regional network. The local research networks have been integrated into the regional network through selected points. The regional network has been connected to the permanent stations network EPN/IGS. This has allowed calculation of the points' velocities in a uniform reference frame ITRF2000. The calculated movement parameters of points have been the basis for estimating the kinematics of tectonic structures including gravity changes. The results have confirmed recent activity of the young tectonic structures in research region.
EN
The characteristics of geodynamic investigations in the Eastern Sudetes and the Fore-Sudetic Block region during the 1993-2003 period are presented. The investigations included repeated GPS, gravimetric and other observations realised in three local research areas and a regional network. The local research networks have been integrated into the regional network through selected points. The regional network has been connected to the permanent stations network EPN/IGS. This has allowed calculation of the points' velocities in a uniform reference frame ITRF2000. The calculated movement parameters of points have been the basis for estimating the kinematics of tectonic structures including gravity changes. The results have confirmed recent activity of the young tectonic structures in research region.
EN
Clarifying the mechanism of some risky geodynamical processes could be performed using monitoring on the especially chosen sites. The obtained information is useful for studying and predicting of fault and landslide movements. For this purpose, three extensometers, type TM-71, Czech product, had been installed in 1982 at the southern parts of Simitii graben, SW Bulgaria. In the present paper, we present the results obtained by a long-term in-situ monitoring within the period 1984-2000. A stochastic modeling of the results of measurements to clarify some relationships in the behaviour of tectonic movements is applied. During the modeling, it was proposed some competitive programs - ARIMA and TRAMO/SEATS for models of temporary rows. Tendencies in the development of studied processes are established. Correlations between the tectonic movements and the temperature fluctuations are established, too. The adequateness of the models and the effectiveness of the prognoses were made using diagnostic verification of the statistical tests. The experimental investigations were performed using DEMETRA program.
16
Content available remote Geodetic and geologic research of recent tectonic activity Dinarides
EN
Initial tectonic movements of Adriatic Microplate result in dominating compression in the area of Dinarides. Collected structural data, compared with surface and depth data, with seismological and geodetic measurements taken in the account enabled the classifications of structures. Deformations and movements of structures directly depend on the stress orientation. This orientation varies from between 340-160° to 30-210°. In order to visualize the stress orientation, formation of different types of structures and their movements, examples of compressional structures are shown, as well as rotations of structures and conditions of creation of extensional structures. Finally, the map with fault zones is included, too. The data show narrowing of the area of Adriatic Microplate and the existence of its southern and northern part. Both parts are changing movement directions, leading to more tectonic activity. In active areas, formation of structures is recognized, and causality with fault locations and seismic activity is established. The amplitudes of tectonic movements derived from geodetic measurements between 1994 and 1998 represent important contribution for better understanding the tectonic activities in the area.
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