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Roadside Habitats : The Impact of Salinization on the Occurrence, Growth and Reproduction of Two Weed Species Echinochloa crus-galli and Digitaria sanguinalis

Nováková Markéta, Šerá Božena, Cudlín Pavel

Polish Journal of Ecology

2019

Vol. 67, nr 3

186--193

The specific conditions in habitats in the immediate vicinity of roads provide a suitable environment for noxious weeds and invasive species that spread through them to the landscape. Echinochloa crus-galli and Digitaria sanguinalis are problematic weeds of wide-row crops. The field experiment focused on the impact of the roadside habitat salinization on the occurrence, growth and reproduction of these two species. Quantitative vegetative and generative characteristics of the plants were determined. Measurements were carried out at three distances from the edge of the road and on control plots. The results showed that the growth and reproduction of E. crus-galli and D. sanguinalis occur in the period when the values of soil environmental variables correspond to values of non-saline soil according to the criteria for soil salinity assessment. Despite this fact, the average salinity of soil along roadside was still higher than in soil of further distances and we found these levels of salinity to be well tolerated by the study species. Therefore, we conclude that roadsides with the same or higher salt content represent a suitable location for the occurrence and reproduction of E. crus-galli and D. sanguinalis, thus being temporary locations that enable their further spreading to the countryside.

The potential effects of climate change on suitable habitat for the Sichuan Hill Partridge (Arborophila rufipectus, Boulton) based on the maximum entropy modeling

Lei J., Xu H., Cui P., Guang Q., Ding H.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2014

Vol. 62, nr 4

771--787

Climate change is considered one of the greatest threats to biodiversity in future decades. Learning about the habitat preferences and geographical distributions of endangered species is critical for conservation management and planning in the context of climate change. This study investigated the effects of climate change on suitable habitat for Arborophila rufipectus Boulton, an endangered species that is endemic to southwest China. We used the known presence records for this species and a series of environmental variable layers to develop a predictive distribution model using maximum entropy modelling; this model was then used to assess the effects of future climate change on suitable habitat for this species. Our study indicated that climate change might have significant effects on suitable habitat for this species. By 2050, under a no-dispersal hypothesis, more than four-fifths of the habitat currently assessed as suitable would be lost, and the mean latitude of suitable habitat would shift northward by more than 100 kilometres. Based on this model, climate change would also aggravate habitat fragmentation. Under a full-dispersal hypothesis, all four climate trajectories developed by the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (Ccma) and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) present similar trends: the area of suitable habitat is predicted to increase substantially, and habitat fragmentation would be mitigated under the two climate trajectories developed by the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS). Finally, we offer some practical proposals for the future conservation of this endangered species.