Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 2

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  rozkłady ziarnowe
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
EN
The aim of the research was to identify aerosols of bacterial origin, including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, peptidoglycans and endotoxins in working rooms of waste management facility, which included sorting and composting of municipal waste. Four sampling points were located in the plant: in the pre-sorting cab, in sorting hall at conveyor belts, in the composting bunkers hall, as well as in the front of entrance gate, as a sample of external background. Air samples for the presence of bacteria were collected using a 6-stage Andersen impactor, wherein two types of microbial media were loaded: TSA agar with defibrinated sheep blood for aerobic bacteria and Schaedler's agar for anaerobic bacteria. Air samples for the presence of endotoxins and peptidoglycans were carried out using 8-stage cascade impactor, wherein the glass fiber filters were provided. Biochemical API tests were used for a detailed identification of bacteria. Determination of peptidoglycans was carried out using the SLP test (Silkworm Larvae Plasma) and endotoxin - LAL assay (Limulus Amebocyte Lysate). The results of the quantitative analysis of bioaerosols at the three tested working rooms showed the following geometric mean (GM) concentrations: aerobic bacteria – 4348 cfu/m3 (geometric standard deviation, GSD = 1.14); anaerobic bacteria – 19914 cfu/m3 (GSD = 3.65); endotoxins – 173.6 ng/m3. (GSD = 2.39); peptidoglycans – 1446.6 ng/m3 (GSD = 1.21). Comparative analysis revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) between the concentrations of aerobic bacteria in the working rooms and the external background – 551 cfu/m3. Anaerobic bacteria were the dominant group and accounted for 82% of all identified microorganisms. A total of 22 species of bacteria, belonging to 13 genera was identified in waste management facility. The greatest taxonomic diversity was observed in the sorting area (21 species), composting – 15, while in the background samples – 13 species. Among the identified species, six (Actinomyces israelii, A. meyeri, A. naeslundii, Clostridium perfrin-gens, Proteus vulgaris, and Streptomyces spp. can be treated as potentially harmful to waste workers, as they were classified into the second risk group by the ordinance of Minister of Health from 2005. Analysis of size distributions of bacteria showed that they occurred mostly in the form of single cells with an aerodynamic diameter in the range of 1.1-2.1 µm, and in the range of 4.7-7.0 µm, where the process of aggregation of bacterial cells with organic dust particles takes place. In the case of endotoxins and peptidoglycans we found a gradual increase in the concentrations of particles with aerodynamic diameters in the range of 3.3-11.0 µm. On the basis of the study it can be stated that the working rooms in waste management facility were heavily contaminated with aerosols of bacterial origin. Examination provided the pioneer results for anaerobic bacteria, which were the dominant group. Bacteria that can pose a health risk to exposed workers were also found in the air. The analysis of particle size distribution suggests that the bioaerosols observed in these rooms can accumulate in the middle and upper respiratory tract of employees, causing irritation of the nose and throat.
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki pilotowych pomiarów dotyczących drobin pyłów zawieszonych w środowisku miejskim. Badania pozwoliły na określenie rozkładów ziarnowych drobin pyłów oraz poznanie składu chemicznego poszczególnych frakcji tych drobin. Pobór pyłów prowadzono przy pomocy kolektorów umożliwiających zarówno pomiar stacjonarny na wybranym stanowisku w środowisku miejskim jak i pobór pyłów w tym środowisku przy pomocy osobistego przenośnego kolektora. Celem była także próba porównania składu pierwiastkowego pobieranych drobin z drobinami pyłów adsorbowanych w układzie oddechowym człowieka. W przeprowadzonym badaniu efektów ekspozycji na pyłowe zanieczyszczenia w środowisku miejskim zastosowano swoistą metodę badawczą, traktującą organizm człowieka jako kolektor - pobór materiału biologicznego (tzw. indukowanej plwociny) od wybranej grupy ochotników. Badania spektrometryczne zebranych materiałów wykonano stosując spektrometr mas ze źródłem iskrowym JEOL JMS-1BM2 i wykazano obecność drobin pyłów osadzających się na ścianach dróg oddechowych. Przeprowadzono analizę mikroskopową tych drobin i porównano ich skład pierwiastkowy ze składem drobin pobieranych w środowisku miejskim za pomocą kolektorów mechanicznych.
EN
Results of pilot studies considering collection and analysis of urban environment micro- and nanoparticles are presented. Particulate matter (PM) is collected from indoor and outdoor urban air with several methods using mechanical collectors like personal cascade impactors and quartz filters. The other applied specific method is treating human organism as a collector - this method is based on identification of PM in biological material - induced sputum, collected from the selected group of volunteers. Elemental analysis of the collected material is performed by spark source mass spectrometry (SSMS) using magnetic sector JEOL JMS-1 BM2 mass analyzer. Obtained results of samples collected using mechanical collectors and extracted from induced sputum were compared.
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.