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2 2021

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Tension force equalizer in a rope system using a proximity sensor

Hrabovský Leopold

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

2021

z. 110

35--44

Different values of tension forces in the load-bearing ropes of elevators, which push the rope into the grooves of the traction discs with different pressure, are the cause of uneven wear of the grooves of the traction discs under operating conditions. Current technical standards in the EU stipulate that the load suspended on load-bearing ropes be evenly distributed to all ropes used, using one of the many construction designs for tension force equalizers in the rope system. The main subject and primary objective of this paper are to present the construction design, 3D model and produced device of one of four produced prototypes, which were constructed in the “Research and Testing Laboratory”, and allow setting of differing values of tension forces in the system of ropes of a traction elevator, to values of the same size. Laboratory measurements were performed on the produced device, which enables the detection of tension forces in ropes and the magnitude of these forces in the required period to be graphically displayed on a PC. The prototype tension force equalizer can show the functionality and practical applicability of the procedure of balancing the levels of tension forces, which are of unequal strengths at the start of the laboratory measurement.

Testing device for hydraulic rope system tensile force equalizing unit

Hrabovský Leopold, Frydrýšek Karel

Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering

2021

Vol. 25, nr 1

22--31

Rope elevators, also referred to as traction elevators, have a cabin suspended from a system of ropes. The system of ropes consists of at least two load-bearing steel ropes with six strands or, from the point of view of easier bending, and currently more widespread, ropes with eight strands. Lifting or lowering of the car, run between the guides, is ensured by the frictional force of the steel ropes in the grooves of the traction disk of the elevator machinery. As the load-bearing capacity of the elevator increases, the required number of load-bearing ropes also increases, especially in the case where small diameter ropes are used in traction elevators. The actual weight of the car and the weight of the load must be evenly distributed among all supporting ropes that are used in the given layout of the elevator. Currently, several principles are known by which it is possible to detect and also change the values of the instantaneous magnitudes of the tensile forces acting in a system of ropes. The paper describes the principle of operation of hydraulic balancing of tensile forces in the system of supporting ropes, which uses the laws of hydromechanics and knowledge of pressure transfer to any place in the fluid, known as Pascal’s law. Balancing of differently set values of tensile forces in three supporting ropes, to values of the same size, can be simulated on a test device. This presents the correct operation of the hydraulic system and the possibility of balancing tensile forces in the system of supporting ropes described by the principle of hydraulic device.