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Biomass Production of Different Grassland Communities under Artificially Modified Amount of Rainfall

Holub P., Tůma I., Záhora J., Fiala K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2015

Vol. 63, nr 3

320--332

Global climate change is predicted to alter growing season rainfall patterns, potentially reducing total amounts of growing season precipitation and redistributing rainfall into fewer but larger individual events. Such changes may affect numerous soil, plant, and ecosystem properties in grasslands and ultimately impact their productivity and biological diversity. A five-year field study with regulated amount of precipitation was executed in different types of temperate grasslands (dry Festuca, wet Cirsium and Nardus grasslands) in three different regions (in lowland, highland and mountain, respectively) in the Czech Republic. Three simulated rainfall treatments were applied: reduced rainfall by 50% (dry), increased rainfall by 50% (wet), and natural rainfall of the current growing season (ambient). The addition of supplemental resources of water exhibited slightly positive relation with the above-ground production (AP), but statistically significant only in the lowland grassland. At all grasslands, both root biomass (RB) and total below-ground biomass (TBB) were significantly higher in wet compared to dry treatments. Significantly increased values of the TBB/AP ratios occurred only in the highland grassland due to enhanced rainfall. The opposite relations were found in lowland grassland where the TBB/AP ratio decreased in response to enhanced rainfall, though not significantly. In the mountain grassland, values of the TBB/AP ratios have shown less variability. The highland wet Cirsium grassland was more sensitive to altered rainfall regimes forming rather lower proportion of below-ground plant production.

Soil nematode response to root production in grasslands on fen peat soils

Wasilewska L.

Polish Journal of Ecology

1999

Vol. 47, no 3

231-246

The density of soil nematodes was examined was relation to root production in peat grasslands that differed in the origin of peat and, consequently, in moisture and in physical and chemical soil properties. Root production was estimated by using the root ingrowth technique, and expressed in g dry wt m^-2, over the period April-October. Total nematodes, bacterivores, fungivores, and facultative plant feeders were not correlated with root production. Obligate plant feeders and the number of taxa forming this group were negatively correlated with root production. The ratio of numbers of bacterivorous + fungivorous to obligate plant feeding nematodes was highly positively correlated with root production. Based on earlier publications, the author argues that the specific character of drained peat soils, that is, intensifield N and C mineralization, obstructs full understanding of the relationship between root production and nematode abundance, especially in the case of nematodes from the detritus food web.