Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Assessment of cargo handling operation efficiency in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone for standard bulk carriers in the view of significant amplitudes of roll as a limiting criterion

Kacprzak Paweł

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

|

2023

|

nr 74 (146)

55--64

EN

Experienced ship roll during loading is the easiest parameter to observe and measure on board of a loaded ship. Therefore, the ship’s significant roll amplitudes should be the key limiting factor in view of the safety and efficiency of cargo handling operations at sea. For the example of three standard bulk carriers, the authors prepared a method of assessment of bulk carrier suitability to perform safe and efficient cargo handling operations in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone in view of significant amplitudes of roll. Via a calculation of the efficiency index for a set of limiting amplitudes of roll during loading simulation, we are able to analyze ship effectiveness. The application of the above-mentioned method can be employed as a useful tool to predict the lowest allowable significant amplitudes of roll when the required efficiency level is specified. Additionally, a calculation is made for the operable days where cargo operations are possible. Investigations show that, according to applied criteria, the effectiveness drops, and not every bulk carrier can perform safe cargo handling operations at sea.

2

Effects of sway and roll excitations on sloshing loads in a KC-1 membrane LNG tank

An Se-yeol, Jeong Hyeon-won, Kim Ohyoung, Shim W. Jaewoo

Polish Maritime Research

|

2023

|

nr 4

43--53

EN

This study investigates the effects of sway and roll excitations on sloshing liquid loads in a tank, using Ansys Fluent software. The model considered in the study is a 1:50 scaled membrane-type tank, based on a KC-1 membrane LNG tank designed by Korea Gas Corporation (KOGAS). The volume of fluid (VOF) method is used to track the free surface inside the tank, and the standard k-ε model is applied to express the turbulent flow of the liquid. To explore the motion of the tank under excitation, a user-defined function (UDF) and a dynamic mesh technique are employed to control the external forces exerted on the tank through its motion. The results, in the form of time series data on the sloshing pressures in the tank under pure sway, roll, and coupled sway-roll, are analysed, with specific ranges for the excitation amplitudes and frequencies. We show that variations in excitation frequency and amplitude significantly influence the sloshing loads. Sloshing loads are found to intensify when the excitation frequency matches the tank’s primary natural frequency, 1.0 ω'1. Furthermore, with coupled sway-roll excitations, the sloshing loads are weakened when the sway and roll are in-phase and are intensified when these are out-of-phase. Fast Fourier transform analysis provides insights into the frequency domain, showing that the dominant frequency is 0.88 Hz and it is approximately equal to the tank’s primary natural frequency, 1.0 ω'1.

3

Analysis of micro-electromechanical inertial measurement units for unmanned aerial vehicle applications

Mammadov Aftandil

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

|

z. 117

129--138

EN

Typically, an inertial navigation system (INS) is used to determine the position, speed, and orientation of an object moving relative to the earth's surface. The navigation information (position, speed and orientation) of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is needed to control its flight. Since the resistance of INS to interferences is very high, it is possible to ensure reliable flights in conditions of high-intensity noise. This article explores the principles of constructing inertial measurement units (IMU) that are part of the INS and indicates perspective directions for their development. Micro-electromechanical inertial measurement units were studied in this work, and functional and principal electrical circuits for connecting units of inertial measurements to the microcontroller were developed. The results of practical measurements of units without calibration and after calibration were obtained using the created laboratory device. Based on the obtained results, the necessity of sensor calibration was revealed, and accuracy was improved by performing calibration with the Kalman filter algorithm. The Kalman filter is the heart of the navigation system. In a low-cost system, IMU errors like bias, scale factor error and random walk noise dominate the INS error growth.

4

The analysis of the rolls cooling at push bench in rolling mill plant ŽP A.S.

Kán Michal, Turňa Ján, Mojžiš Milan, Patin Ľubomír, Kotrbáček Petr, Bellerová Hana

Journal of Metallic Materials

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2022

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Vol. 74, no. 1

4--8

EN

This article deals with a comprehensive analysis at roll cooling of push bench on a rolling mill during the rolling process of semi-finished products used for the production of seamless tubes. An important issue that we deal with in this issue is the influence of the cooling parameters using special programmable nozzles of various types with the required flow and water pressure on the final surface temperature of the extruder rollers, at finish quality of shell. The experiment will address the problem of determining the cooling efficiency of different types of nozzles on an experimental device for testing the heat transfer coefficient during cylinder cooling. During experiments maintains development of deformation processes in stands of push bench.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono kompleksową analizę procesu chłodzenia walców walcarki przepychowej w walcowni podczas procesu walcowania półproduktów wykorzystywanych do produkcji rur bez szwu. Ważnym zagadnieniem w tym temacie jest wpływ parametrów chłodzenia za pomocą specjalnych programowalnych dysz różnego typu o wymaganym przepływie i ciśnieniu wody na końcową temperaturę powierzchni walców walcarki przepychowej, co wiąże się z końcową jakością tulei. Eksperyment będzie dotyczył problemu wyznaczania wydajności chłodzenia różnych typów dysz na urządzeniu doświadczalnym do badania współczynnika przenikania ciepła podczas chłodzenia rolek. Podczas wszystkich eksperymentów zachowano przebieg procesów odkształcania w klatkach walcarki przepychowej.

5

An analysis of shear forces, bending moments and roll motion during a nodule loading simulation for a ship at sea in the Clarion–Clipperton Zone

Kacprzak Paweł

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

|

2021

|

nr 65 (137)

9--20

EN

This article presents an analysis of internal forces and roll motion during a nodule loading simulation for a ship at sea. The study carried out a full assessment of ship behavior during loading, which took into account wave height and period occurrence around the Clarion–Clipperton Zone by the use of an operational efficiency index. One of the aims was to verify whether waves have an influence on excessive ship motion and internal forces during nodule loading. Two alternative loading sequences were developed and compared by taking loading time, shear forces, bending moments, roll motion and waving into account. The research shows that loading is only possible during specific sea weather conditions for the selected bulk carrier.

6

Determining of correlation relationship between roll, pitch, and yaw for UAVs

Hlotov Volodymyr, Hunina Alla, Yurkiv Mariana, Siejka Zbigniew

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2019

|

Vol. 107

13--18

EN

Currently, UAVs are intensively being introduced into topographic-photogrammetric production for topographic digital aerial photography and laser scanning. These technologies have a number of advantages: they don’t require specially prepared platforms and launchers, they are relatively inexpensive unlike large aircrafts, and they are safe. However, there are still many unsolved problems for ultralight UAVs, especially when the aerial photography is made. As you know, the requirements for the implementation of the aerial survey process are quite stringent, first of all, for horizontal flight: the angles of inclination must be within 3–5 degrees, since exceeding these tolerances significantly affects the accuracy for determining the spatial coordinates of objects. Therefore, there was an idea to conduct researches of dependences between the pitch α, roll ω and yaw κ. For this purpose, 100 images obtained from aircraft-type UAV ‘Arrow’ developed and created by specialists from Lviv Polytechnic National University and ‘Abris’ were used. As a result of the study, the multiple correlation coefficient and the parameters of the linear regression equation for the angular elements of the exterior orientation of digital images were calculated. In addition, statistical quality evaluations for the obtained regression model were carried out. Analysis of the received data allows to assert that angular elements of exterior orientation are correlated with each other. Therefore, in the further imaging materials, processing it becomes possible to make compensation of this fact and to improve calculation accuracy of spatial coordinates of points.

7

Analysis of transverse stability parameters of hybrid buses with active trailers

Sakhno V., Poliakov V., Murovanyi I., Selezniov V., Vovk Y.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

|

2018

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z. 101

185--201

EN

The objective of the article is to determine the transverse stability indexes of hinge-connected buses (HCBs) by applying the computation-analytical method. The transverse stability parameters of hybrid buses with active trailers are analysed. Based on these parameters (the angles of the roll and redistribution of loads on the sides), the analytical dependences are developed. The dependences describe the movement of the parts of HCBs in the vertical plane. Considering the action of longitudinal and transverse forces, the roll angles of the bus and the trailer were determined. The limiting angle of the side roll of the bus rollover was found to be γамах = 27.560γмах, and the trailer rollover to be γамах = 30.210. The obtained transverse stability indexes of HCBs with a hybrid power plant testify to the compliance with the standard DSTU UN/ECE R 111-00.

8

Vehicle suspension system modelling and simulation in the SolidWorks software environment with motion analysis applications

Melnychuk S., Vitiuk I., Bovsunivskyi I., Beherskyi D., Kubrak Y.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2017

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z. 97

117--130

EN

An N1 vehicle model is created, which allows for changing suspension parameters and conditions of experimental performance. A methodology of computer testing performance for vehicle ride comfort and stability service properties’ characterization in a virtual environment is proposed. Vehicle suspension system modelling and simulation are performed. The results of the N1 vehicle suspension system from full-scale laboratory and road tests are given.

9

Wykorzystanie techniki GPS do wyznaczenia kątów heading, pitch i roll. Cz. 1

Wierzbicki D., Krasuski K.

Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa

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2016

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Vol. 7, Nr 1 (23)

113--125

PL

W artykule przedstawiono eksperyment dotyczący wyznaczenia kątów heading, pitch i roll z wykorzystaniem technologii GPS. W tym celu stworzono autorski program HPR_GPS, którego kod źródłowy napisano w języku Scilab 5.4.1. Zaprezentowano zasadę działania aplikacji HPR_GPS oraz przedstawiono algorytm wyznaczenia kątów heading, pitch i roll. Dodatkowo, porównano otrzymane wyniki kątów z programu HPR_GPS ze źródłowymi danymi z INS. Średnia różnica dla kąta heading wynosi 0,29° z błędem średnim 5,96°, dla kąta pitch wynosi 4,98° z błędem średnim 1,62°, zaś dla kąta roll wynosi 0,06° z błędem średnim 2,31°.

EN

This article presents an experiment concerning the designation of heading, pitch and roll angles using GPS technology. For this purpose, authorial HPR_GPS software has been created, the code source of which was written in Scilab 5.4.1 language. Operation of application was presented and an algorithm of estimation of heading, pitch, and roll angles was showed. Additionally, final results of angles from HPR_GPS software were compared with raw INS data. Based on comparison, mean difference for heading angle is equal to 0.29° with standard deviation of 5.96°, for pitch angle it is equal to 4.98° with standard deviation of 1.62°, and for roll angle it is about 0.06° with standard deviation of 2.31°, respectively.

10

А Меаsuring Method for Gyro-Free Determination of the Parameters of Moving Objects

Dichev D., Koev H., Bakalova T., Louda P.

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2016

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Vol. 23, nr 1

107--118

EN

The paper presents a new method for building measuring instruments and systems for gyro-free determination of the parameters of moving objects. To illustrate the qualities of this method, a system for measuring the roll, pitch, heel and trim of a ship has been developed on its basis. The main concept of the method is based, on one hand, on a simplified design of the base coordinate system in the main measurement channel so as to reduce the instrumental errors, and, on the other hand, on an additional measurement channel operating in parallel with the main one and whose hardware and software platform makes possible performing algorithms intended to eliminate the dynamic error in real time. In this way, as well as by using suitable adaptive algorithms in the measurement procedures, low-cost measuring systems operating with high accuracy under conditions of inertial effects and whose parameters (intensity and frequency of the maximum in the spectrum) change within a wide range can be implemented.

11

Estimation of rotation angles based on GPS data from a UX5 Platform

Wierzbicki D., Krasuski K.

Measurement Automation Monitoring

|

2015

|

Vol. 61, No. 11

516--520

EN

Data integration from INS and GPS sensors is applied in aeronautical navigation as a basic conception for determination of aircraft position. A GPS sensor is used to estimate coordinates (X, Y, Z) and velocity (Vx, Vy, Vz) also in a navigation solution. On the other hand, an INS sensor provides rotation angles (heading, pitch and roll) and acceleration parameters (Ax, Ay, Az). The GPS sensor is preferred to obtain an approximate value of rotation angles. In this paper, the results of studies on determination of heading, pitch and roll angles using GPS technology are presented. For this purpose, GPS data from a single-frequency L1 receiver from a UX5 platform were used. Calculations were executed in the HPR_GPS software, whose source code was written in Scilab 5.4.1 language. The software operation and an algorithm for estimation of heading, pitch, roll angles there is described. The preliminary results of rotation angles from the HPR_GPS software show that heading, pitch and roll values are very similar to raw INS measurements. The mean difference between the GPS data (after Kalman filter operation) and the INS data for the heading angle is equal to 0.32( with a standard deviation of 5.41(, for the pitch angle is equal 4.98( with a standard deviation of 5.06( and for the roll angle is about 0.06( with a standard deviation of 0.69).

12

Analiza wpływu stabilizatora na stateczność i kierowalność pojazdu w oparciu o badania fizycznego modelu

Parczewski K., Wnęk H.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

5238--5246, CD 2

PL

W artykule przedstawiono ocenę wpływu zastosowania stabilizatora na kierowalność i stateczność pojazdu. Przeanalizowano wpływ stabilizatora na zmianę sztywności kątowej zawieszeń i dociążenie kół jednej strony pojazdu podczas pokonywania zakrętów. Do badań drogowych wykorzystano model fizyczny pojazdu, wykonany w skali 1:5 z zachowaniem kryteriów podobieństwa, z zamontowanym stabilizatorem oraz bez niego. Badania te wykonano zgodnie z wymaganiami norm ISO 4138 i 14792. Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły na porównanie wpływu stabilizatorów na ruch pojazdu.

EN

This paper presents an assessment of the impact of the stabilizer application on the vehicle steerability and stability. It was analyzed the impact of stabilizer on changes the angular stiffness of the suspension and load wheels from one side of the vehicle during cornering. For the road testing was used a physical model of vehicle, which was made at a scale of 1: 5 with preserving the criteria of similarity. Suspensions were equipped with a stabilizer or not. The road tests were performed according to ISO 4138 and 14792. The study allowed us to compare the effects of stabilizers mounted in suspensions on the movement of the vehicle.

13

Application of the plane adaptive model of the piercing mill deformation zone in the determination of the piercing process parameters

Danchenko V., Chuyev A., Dyja H., Kawałek A.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2010

|

Vol. 77, nr 9

522-525

EN

Methodology and software for building of a plane model of the piercing mill deformation zone intended to solve problems of optimum mill setup have been developed. Formulas for the calculation of spatial constraints created by the mill rolls at the entire deformation zone length with an account for the roll turn by the rolling-off angle and the feed angle have been derived. Application of this model as a part of software for the calculation of piercing mill setup parameters allows avoidance of errors in the piercing mill setup both at the beginning and the end of the roll life when worn rolls are used. Efficiency of this model usage has been proved in plant conditions.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono metodykę i oprogramowanie do budowy płaskiego modelu walcowania w walcarce dziurującej w celu rozwiązania problemu doboru optymalnych nastaw walcarki. Wyprowadzone zależności służące do określania zależności przestrzennych występujących na całej długości strefy odkształcenia, w tym obliczania zukosowania walców i kąta chwytu. Wykorzystując ten model jako część oprogramowania służącego do obliczania parametrów nastawy walcarki dziurującej można uniknąć błędów podczas jej regulowania, zarówno na początku eksploatacji walców, jak również po ich maksymalnym zużyciu. Efektywność przedstawionego modelu została potwierdzona w warunkach przemysłowych.

14

Analysis model for determination of contact loads between tube-shaped conveyor belt of a pipe conveyor and carrier rolls

Marasova D., Fedorko G., Kubin K., Molnar V., Husakova N.

Cuprum : czasopismo naukowo-techniczne górnictwa rud

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2010

|

nr 3

71-76

EN

The article deals with the design of analysis model for determination of the magnitude of the contact loads which are induced by the interaction of the pair of tube-shaped conveyor belt - carrier rolls. The finite element method /FEA/ was used by the creation of analysis model. Analysis model was created in a program Simulia - Abaqus. Obtained results will be the basis of research which is focused on the search of tube conveyor belt dynamic wear creation.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia projekt modelu analitycznego do określania wielkości obciążeń stycznych, które powstają przez wzajemne oddziaływanie rurowej taśmy przenośnika i krążników nośnych. Do budowy modelu analitycznego użyto Metody elementów skończonych. Model analityczny zbudowano w programie Simulia - Abaqus. Uzyskane wyniki będą podstawą badań mających na celu analizę powstawania dynamicznego zużycia rurowej taśmy przenośnikowej.

15

Oddziaływanie topografii powierzchni walców roboczych na topografię powierzchni wygładzanych blach stalowych

Burdek M.

Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza

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2007

|

T. 59, nr 4

27-32

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań oddziaływania topografii powierzchni walców roboczych na formowanie topografii powierzchni blach stalowych w procesie wygładzania. Pomiary 3D wykonano za pomocą przenośnego urządzenia TalyScan, a analizę wyników - z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania 3D TalyMap. Stwierdzono wpływ topografii powierzchni walców na stopień przenoszenia niektórych parametrów chropowatości.

EN

The examination results of the work roll surface topography on forming of the steel sheet surface topography in skin-pass rolling were presented. 3D measurements were taken with the portable TalyScan device. The analysis of results was carried out using 3D TalyMap software. The influence of the roll surface topography on the coefficient of transfer of some roughness parameters was found.

16

Design solutions and active safety increasing for "VZN" shock absorbers

Niculescu A. I.

Journal of KONES

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2007

|

Vol. 14, No. 4

295-306

EN

The paper presents the principle, some design solutions and last theoretical and by simulation results, for the suspension realized with the self-adjustable shock absorber, called shortly VZN, relative to the standard one. The self-adjustable shock absorber VZN, an intelligent shock absorber, realized without electronics or mechanisms, grant with European Patent EP1190184B and Romanian Patent 118546, is much better than standard ones because confers possibilities of stepwise adjustment of damping force as function as the instantaneous piston position. That means lower damping coefficients at the stroke beginning, for easier medium position arriving for a well adherence, damping coefficients for well correspondence between comfort and adherence, in the medium area, high damping coefficients both adjacent parts at the medium area for better adherence and well axle movement brake, and very high damping coefficients at the ends, for better body and axles protection. This concept is realized with planar or circular valves, a new patent request presenting specific solution. The cheaper and compact solution uses metering holes like damping valves, some of these being presented in the paper. The theory shows its great damping coefficient evolution with the stroke, give progressive anti-gyration effect and regressive redressing gyration effect along vehicle body transversal and longitudinal axes, increasing pitch and roll stability. Simulation tests denote high performances for VZN shock absorbers, relative to standard one, its great adaptation capacity relative to load, road condition, and efficiency, better body stability-skyhook behaviour, better protection at the stroke ends, lower RMS body acceleration, improving pitch and roll stability at and so active safety increasing. So the automotive self-adjustable shock absorber VZN, confers high performances, nearly semi-active suspensions at low costs, nearly standard shock absorbers being an important option for the future.

17

Optimal cooling of a shaped roll

Petruska J., Horsky J., Vavrecka L.

Zeszyty Naukowe Katedry Mechaniki Stosowanej / Politechnika Śląska

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2006

|

z. 31

127-130

EN

Design of optimal configuration of cooling nozzles of a grooved roli for U-profile rolling is presented in the paper. Prolongation of the roli life is the aim of the work, which should be reached by elimination of extreme values of thermal stress, causing initiation and growth of fatigue cracks. The task was solved as a sequence of several types of coupled computational problems together with a number of simplifying presumptions, which enabled an efficient analysis of the complex problem. The results enabled a rational assessment and selection of such nozzle configuration that seems to be the best one for the profile roli cooling.

18

Aproksymacja kołysań bocznych kontenerowca S-175 na fali nieregularnej oparta na parametrach eksploatacyjnych statku

Cepowski T.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie

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2005

|

nr 6 (78)

65-75

PL

Przedstawiono aproksymację kołysań bocznych kontenerowca S-175 na fali nieregularnej opartą na parametrach eksploatacyjnych statku. Wartości wzorcowe kołysań bocznych obliczono dokładnymi metodami numerycznymi za pomocą programu SEAWAY. Funkcję aproksymacyjną opracowano za pomocą sztucznych sieci neuronowych i przedstawiono w postaci analitycznej. Prezentowana metodyka może pozwolić na prognozowanie rzeczywistych wartości kołysań bocznych, opartych na danych zarejestrowanych na statku.

EN

The paper presents approximations of roll amplitudes of a S-175 containershipoccurring in irregular waves on the basis of main service parameters. Standard values of ship's roll were determined by means of exact numerical methods by using the SEAWAY software. The relationships were elaborated by means of artificial neural networks and presented as an analytical function. The proposed approach may be used to approximate real values of roll angle amplitude on the basis of data recorded onboard the ship during its service.

19

Uruchomienie produkcji walców roboczych do walcowania blach na zimno z zastosowaniem płomieniowego nagrzewania przed hartowaniem

Paszta J., Hoderny B., Dobrzański J., Mazur A., Zdonek B., Binek S., Pichór J., Polanowski M., Szczerba M., Śliwiński W.

Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza

|

2005

|

T. 57, nr 4

36-46

PL

Na podstawie przeprowadzonych prób i badań opracowano technologię wytapiania i rafinacji stali nadeutektoidalnej przeznaczonej do produkcji walców roboczych, technologię kucia i obróbek cieplnych oraz obróbek mechanicznych. W wyniku wykonanych prób, po końcowym zabiegu obróbki cieplnej uzyskano twardość beczki walca w przedziale 92-93 HShC oraz żądaną strukturę materiału beczki. Uzyskane wyniki pracy umożliwiają uruchomienie produkcji walców roboczych [psi] 585 × 1700 mm, zgodnie z wymaganiami użytkowników. Po przetestowaniu serii informacyjnej walców u użytkownika, uruchomiona zostanie produkcja walców [psi] 585 × 1700 mm w Celsa Huta Ostrowiec Sp. z o.o. zgodnie z zamówieniami.

EN

Based on the tests technology for melling and refining hyper-eutectoid steel for production of working rolls, forging technology and technology for heating treatments and mechanical working were developed. As a result of the tests, upon final heat treatment hardness of roll face within the range of 92-93 HShC and required structure of roll face material were obtained. The obtained results allow production of [psi] 585 x 1700 mm working rolls to be started in accordance with users' requirements. Upon testing of the reference run on the user's premises, production of [psi] 585 x 1700 mm rolls is going to be started at Celsa Huta Ostrowiec Sp. z o.o. according to orders.

20

Opracowanie założeń konstrukcyjnych dla urządzenia do odśrodkowego odlewania walców

Ciepliński J.

Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza

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2005

|

T. 57, nr 4

63-64

PL

Celem pracy było omówienie sposobów produkcji odlewanych walców żeliwnych monolitycznych i dwuwarstwowych. Porównano metody odlewania walców dwuwarstwowych. W wyniku pracy opracowano założenia do projektu stanowiska do odlewania walców zespolonych metodą odśrodkową.

EN

The purpose of this paper was to discuss the methods for production of cast iron monolithic and double-layer rolls. Double-layer roll casting methods were compared. As a result of this paper, assumptions for design of the station for casting of built-up rolls by centrifugal method were developed.