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Logistics interpretation of product characteristics of liquefied and compressed natural gas

Stefanova M.

Research in Logistics & Production

2018

Vol. 8, No. 1

39-52

This paper analyzes product characteristics as a factor that affects the activities performed in the logistic channel. The analysis has been conducted for a specific product - natural gas and, in particular its two forms: liquefied and compressed. The features of these two forms are outlined in the context of fuel distribution to end-users. This study aims to structure and expand the existing knowledge about alternative distribution of natural gas to the end users based on an analysis of literary sources and regulations on its carriage by road and rail transport. A comparative analysis of the product characteristics of liquefied and compressed natural gas has been carried out and some basic features concerning logistics activities and logistics costs have been outlined.

Wprowadzenie do cybernetycznej teorii zagrożeń

Smalko Z.

Journal of KONBiN

2011

No. 4 (20)

201--214

W referacie przedstawiono wybrane, ważniejsze elementy cybernetycznej teorii zagrożeń. Przyjęto, że teoria zagrożeń, powinna się zajmować modelowaniem i formalnym opisem zachowania się układów antropotechnicznych, działających w niebezpiecznych okolicznościach. Jako podstawowe, opisywane są trójstanowe systemy: człowieka, obiektu technicznego i infrastruktury transportu. Jako oczywisty aspekt teorii uznano jakościowy i formalny opis bezpiecznościowych charakterystyk.

The paper presents selected highlights of the cybernetic theory of hazards. This theory is a basis for high school teaching of safety engineering. It is assumed that the theory of hazard, should be dealt with modeling and formal description of the behavior of the antropotechnical system in dangerous circumstances. As a basic tri-state systems are described: operator, mean and infrastructure of transport. The interactivity elements of system present matrices of desired and undesired incidents transition in the system multi-state threats. As an obvious aspect of the theory was qualitative and formal description unsafety characteristics. Unsafety states of antropotechnical system divided into border and critical. The critical state of the system that not less than one element of the system is in critical condition. Times attributed the occurrence of damage, making mistakes and critical impact forcing factors are treated as random variables. It is assumed that the basic characteristics of developments the dangerous circumstances are the intensity of critical failures and / or irreversible human errors. The unsafety characteristics represent a conditional unsafety probability and are associated with the coefficients of expected time to critical events.