Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Retrospective Analysis of Ukrainian Air Transport Activity

Bugayko Dmytro, Antonova Anna, Shevchenko Olga, Shevchuk Dmytro

Logistics and Transport

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2022

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Vol. 53-54, No. 1-2

79--97

EN

Ukraine is an aviation state that has a full cycle of development and serial production of aircraft, commercial operation of civil aviation, training and retraining of professionals for the industry. The level of development of air transport determines not only the country's image, but also the sustainable development of its national economy. The article presents a structural analysis of the trends in the development of world aviation transport, as well as the economic development of aviation transport in Ukraine and its infrastructure. The authors pay special attention to the study of the factors of the seasonality of air transportation and their influence on the results of the operational activities of air transport in Ukraine.

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Changes in Climate and Bioclimatic Potential in the Steppe Zone of Ukraine

Pichura Vitalii, Potravka Larisa, Vdovenko Nataliia, Biloshkurenko Oleksandra, Stratichuk Natalia, Baysha Kira

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 12

189--202

EN

To increase the level of management efficiency in the agricultural sector of the economy, it is necessary to substantiate environmental protection measures for the restoration and rational use of natural resources, to ensure the implementation of the sustainable environmental management principles, considering the spatio-temporal patterns of changes in climate and bioclimatic potential of the territory. Using the methods of multivariate statistics and time series forecasting, regularities of changes in climatic conditions in the Steppe zone of Ukraine for 1945–2019 were established, and a forecast of changes in the bioclimatic potential of the region until 2030 was made. It was established that during the research period the average annual air temperature increased by 3.5 °C. The amount of annual atmospheric precipitation varied within 186–778 mm with a variation level of 27.2%, in the last 20 years it was determined to decrease by 40% – to 500–300 mm. It has been proven that the inertial probability of repeating hot years is estimated at 0.58, and the possibility of repeating wet years at 0.46. As a result of forecasting, it was determined that if the trend of climatic conditions is maintained, there will be a stable trend-cyclic increase in the average annual air temperature by 0.06 °C per year and a decrease in the amount of annual precipitation by 62.0 mm per year. This resulted in an 18.7% increase in solar radiation on the soil surface and a 26.0% decrease in climatic losses on soil formation, which reduced the rate of the natural ability to reproduce soil fertility. In particular, the bioproductivity of plants decreased by 62.0%, and the probability of its further decrease by 20% is predicted. Over the past 20 years, the coefficient of natural humidification has decreased by 66.4%, and it is predicted to decrease by 20%. The obtained results confirm significant climatic changes and their negative manifestations on the reduction of bioclimatic potential in the Steppe zone of Ukraine, the deterioration of agricultural production conditions, the reduction of harvests, the self-regenerating and self-regulating function of steppe soils.

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A retrospective analysis of maritime cyber security incidents

Meland P. H., Bernsmed K., Wille E., Rødseth Ø. J., Nesheim D. A.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2021

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Vol. 15 No. 3

519--530

EN

The maritime industry is undergoing a rapid evolution through the introduction of new technology and the digitization of existing services. At the same time, the digital attack surface is increasing, and incidents can lead to severe consequences. This study analyses and gives an overview of 46 maritime cyber security incidents from the last decade (2010-2020). We have collected information from open publications and reports, as well as anonymized data from insurance claims. Each incident is linked to a taxonomy of attack points related to onboard or off-ship systems, and the characteristics have been used to create a Top-10 list of maritime cyber threats. The results show that the maritime sector typically has incidents with low frequency and high impact, which makes them hard to predict and prepare for. We also infer that different types of attackers use a variety of attack points and techniques, hence there is no single solution to this problem.

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Anthropogenic and Climatic Causality of Changes in the Hydrological Regime of the Dnieper River

Pichura Vitalii Ivanovich, Potravka Larisa Aleksandrovna, Skrypchuk Petro Mikhalovich, Stratichuk Natalia Vladimirovna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 4

1--10

EN

The intensive use of water resources and the transformation of natural landscapes under the influence of human economic activity have led to changes in the natural water balance of river drainage basins. The negative processes thereof are intensified by climatic changes that have significantly disturbed the hydrological regime, determined by changes in water content and river flow dynamics. The retrospective study and prediction of the flow of the Dnieper River was carried out using multivariate statistics and adaptive methods of nonlinear time series analysis. The anomalous features were identified and the main periods of changes in the water regime of the river for 190 years (1818–2008) were determined using the standard root-mean-square deviation and wavelet analysis. As a result of non-linear prediction, it was determined that if the tendency of anthropogenic and climatic formation of the water regime of the Dnieper River sustains, there is a 90% probability of insignificant but steady trend and cyclical reduction of the average annual flow by 1.6 m3/s per year to 1120 ± 270 m3/s by 2040. The results of the detailed retrospective analysis for 190 years and the prediction of the probability of changes in the flow of the Dnieper river confirm the previous conclusions of many scientists regarding the significant transformation of the ecosystem of the transboundary river and provide new knowledge regarding the main stages of formation of the water regime and the probability of further regulation of the flow of the Dnieper river if the current conditions of the negative impact of economic activities are maintained in the transboundary basin.