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1
Content available Impact of psychological components of human factors on the probability of committing an error during ship handling in restricted waters
Hejmlich Andrzej
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
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2022
|
nr 72 (144)
42--47
EN
The paper presents a new approach to the evaluation of human factor (HF) influence on the risk of maritime accidents. This approach is based on a formal human–ship–environment system definition including the relationships between humans, technology, environment, and organization. Social and organizational factors have already been included in the International Maritime Organization regulations; however, the individual factors still need investigation. A combination of psychological studies and technical operations of sea-going ships has given a huge opportunity to use HF assessment in rule-making processes. The main scientific goal of the research presented in the paper was the development of a method to assess the influence of HF on the risk of maneuvering accidents in restricted waters. This method is based on research within the area of technical ship operation and the results of the psychological profile of operators. The proposed model is based on a quantitative HF model developed by an authorized psychologist comprising personality traits, vulnerability to stress, and risk approach. The investigations were carried out with a group of 32 experienced ship masters performing a complex maneuvering task on the Full Mission Ship Handling Simulator. The multidimensional dependencies between variables of the psychological profile and the risk of an accident resulting from maneuvering errors were implemented into the Sugeno fuzzy model. The developed model allows risk assessment to be conducted that depends on the selected personality profile features. These features can be measured using psychological questionnaires, and then the risk of an accident due to maneuvering error can be calculated for a captain or marine pilot in order to improve human resource management.
2
Content available Ship Course Following and Course Keeping in Restricted Waters Based on Model Predictive Control
Liu H., Ma N., Gu X. C.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2018
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Vol. 12, no. 2
305--312
EN
Ship navigation safety in restricted water areas is of great concern to crew members, because ships sailing in close proximity to banks are significantly affected by the so-called ship-bank interaction. The purpose of this paper is to apply the optimal control theory to help helmsmen adjust ships’ course and maintain the target course in restricted waters. To achieve this objective, the motion of a very large crude carrier (VLCC) close to a bank is modeled with the linear equations of manoeuvring and the influence of bank effect on the ship hydrodynamic force is considered in the model. State-space framework is cast in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system, where the offset-free model predictive control (MPC) is designed for course following and the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is used for course keeping. Simulation results show that the control methods effectively work in ship course following and course keeping with varying ship-bank distances and water depths. The advantage of adopting speed variation as the second control input is obvious.
3
Content available Informacje manewrowe statku w planowaniu nawigacji w rejonach ograniczonych
Jurdziński M.
Prace Wydziału Nawigacyjnego Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni
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2018
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Z. 33
9--20
PL
W pracy przedstawiono zakres informacji o manewrowaniu statku morskiego oraz jego stanach eksploatacyjnych w rejonach ograniczonych. Omówiono model ruchu statku oraz różne parametry zakłóceń zewnętrznych działających na statek. Przedstawiono zakres informacji o manewrach statku zalecanych przez Międzynarodową Organizacje Morską. Na zakończenie zaprezentowano złotą regułę manewrowania statkiem.
EN
This paper relates to manoeuvring information used for passage planning in restricted waters. Different phases of ship movements in terms of external disturbances have been discussed. Required information for passage planning published in the IMO (International Maritime Organization) documents has been presented. Finally, the golden rule of ship manoeuverability as a berthing guidance for ship masters has been given.
4
Content available Ship domain in open sea areas and restricted waters: an analysis of influence of the available maneuvering area
Wielgosz M.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2017
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Vol. 11, no. 1
99--104
EN
A ship domain is nowadays an important navigational safety assessment criterion. Its shape and size depend on many factors. The available maneuvering area seems to be one of the most important of them. This article examines the influence of the available manoeuvring area on the shape and size of ship domain in the open sea and restricted waters. The research was conducted using a simulation method. Expert navigators participated in simulations using the ECDIS system. The domains of ship passages in open sea area and restricted area have been compared.
5
Content available remote Wskaźniki ryzyka wypadku statku morskiego podczas manewrów na akwenie ograniczonym
Hejmlich A.
Prace Wydziału Nawigacyjnego Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni
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2015
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Z. 30
59--70
PL
Metody oceny ryzyka wypadku statku podczas manewrów na akwenie ograniczonym opierają się głównie na obliczeniach danych statystycznych dla poszczególnych portów i w zależności od osiągalności takich danych są mniej lub bardziej dokładne. W artykule zaproponowano podjęcie rozważań dotyczących wpływu czynnika ludzkiego na bezpieczeństwo manewrów w aspekcie stresu i fizycznego zmęczenia kapitana statku. Czynniki te, znane i zbadane w transporcie lotniczym i kolejowym, mają znaczny udział również w odnotowanych wypadkach morskich i dlatego nie powinny zostać pominięte. Model proponowany w artykule pozwoli określić prawdopodobieństwo wykonania błędnego manewru przez kapitana będącego pod wpływem stresu.
EN
The methods allowing risk assessment of ship accident in restricted waters are mostly based on statistical calculations for particular ports depending on availability of the limited statistical information from past. Model proposed by Maritime Academy in Szczecin is more comprehensive and universal, however there is still room for enhancement of it. Paper proposes taking into consideration human factor influence for safe maneuvering in aspect of sea fatigue and stress. Both factors well known in aviation and rail-way transport have considerable share in ship’s accidents records and should not be omitted. Model proposed in paper would allow to calculate probability of wrong maneuvre decision of ship’s captain being under stress pressing situation.
6
Content available Numerical study on the influences of canal geometry on ship squat
Zhou M., Zou Z.
Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie
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2013
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nr 36 (108) z. 1
195--199
EN
Accurate prediction of the ship squat is of significance to ensure safety passage of ships in restricted waters. In this paper, a first-order Rankine source panel method is adopted to predict the squat of a ship sailing in restricted canal. Taking KVLCC2 tanker as example, numerical calculations are carried out for the ship travelling in a canal with different conditions. The results of squat are compared with measurement data and the results from empirical formulas. The influence of canal geometry on ship squat is investigated.
7
Content available A Clustering Analysis for Identifying Areas of Collision Risk in Restricted Waters
Xiang Z., Hu Q., Shi C.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2013
|
Vol. 7, no. 1
101--105
EN
The identification of areas of collision risk in restricted waters could play an important role in VTS services. Based on the concept of ship domain, this paper introduces a model for identifying collision risk between vessels in restricted waters, then puts forward an improved DBSCAN clustering algorithm for identifying areas of high collision risk, finally, the visualization algorithm is presented. The experimental results in this paper show the algorithm is capable of identifying and rendering areas of collision risk in restricted waters.
8
Content available remote Evaluation of Main Traffic Congestion Degree for Restricted Waters with AIS Reports
Hu Q., Yong J., Shi C., Chen G.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2010
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Vol. 4, no. 1
55--58
EN
Traditionally, marine traffic congestion degree in restricted waters is usually deduced from traf-fic volume or traffic density. Both of which, however, can not be easily and accurately determined and can not fully reflect the traffic congestion degree. This paper uses the concept of main traffic flow velocity, which varies with the main traffic congestion from a statistics view, to determine the main traffic congestion degree in restricted waters. Main traffic flow velocity can be calculated by averaging the speeds of all ships equipped with an AIS transponder if the percentage of these ships over all vessels in the main traffic is great enough and they are well-distributed, and a fuzzy relationship is established to determine the traffic congestion degree under varying main traffic flow velocity. The concept of main traffic flow velocity provides a more intuitive and accurate way to evaluate the main traffic congestion degree of restricted waters than traffic density and traffic volume in certain situations, and can be easily implement.
9
Zastosowanie numerycznej mechaniki płynów do analizy ograniczeń drogi wodnej
Jachowski J.
Logistyka
|
2009
|
nr 4
CD-CD
PL
W ostatnich latach przeprowadzone zostały liczne badania mające na celu identyfikacje sił hydrodynamicznych działających na manewrujący statek na akwenach portowych przystosowanych dla dużych statków. Niekorzystne zjawiska, które oddziałują na warunki eksploatacji statku na ograniczonej drodze wodnej odgrywają ważną rolę w projektowaniu akwenów i są przedmiotem wielu badań. W artykule zostanie omówione zagadnienie związane z zastosowaniem systemu obliczeniowego Fluent do analizy zjawisk zachodzących podczas ruchu statku na wodzie płytkiej takich jak wzrost przegłębienia, osiadania, powstanie prądu powrotnego oraz wzrost oporów kadłuba. Oszacowanie wielkości osiadania ma istotne znaczenie w wyznaczeniu wymaganej tolerancji między zanurzeniem statku, a głębokością akwenu. Określenie dokładnego związku między wielkością osiadania a prędkością umożliwi maksymalne wykorzystanie dopuszczalnego zanurzenia przy zachowaniu bezpieczeństwa eksploatacji statku.
EN
The problem of ship squat is one among the crucial factors affecting the navigation of ships in restricted waters. The squat can be estimated using either the empirical or analytical models. It may be evaluated by implementing the real scale tests or CFD technology as well. The results of calculations should be validated with the results obtained using the existing methods of squat identification. From the hydrodynamic phenomena point of view the main attention has been paid to hydrodynamic forces affecting the hull in shallow water
10
Content available remote Intelligent VTS
Filipowicz W.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2007
|
Vol. 1, no. 2
153--159
EN
In this paper the author depicts new approach involving fuzziness in navigational situation assessment. Nowadays operator at maritime traffic monitoring station is assumed to have access to a great amount of data. The data comes from different places and multiple of sensors. Properly associated data enable the operator to approximate congestion for each restricted and considered as vital regions. Ship’s presence function within a confined area defines a non-empty bounded closed interval. It can be denoted by the earliest and latest bounds of the closed time interval at a given possibility level. To assess situation within any confined region one should calculate maximal sum of safety factors present within forecast imprecise slots oftime. Safety factors themselves are also fuzzy, imprecise values.
11
Content available Risk analysis when navigating in restricted sea areas
Rutkowski G.
Annual of Navigation
|
2006
|
No. 11
103-122
EN
This paper discusses the question of classifying the sea areas as sea areas difficult for navigation, unrestricted sea areas and sea areas restricted by land (bottom or shore). Most of all, the article depicts the characteristics of restricted sea areas. It presents the attempt to define in a new way the following notions: "safety of shipping", "safety of navigation", "risk of navigation", "risk of collisions", "navigational obstacle", and "sea area difficult for navigation". In this paper author also presents methods that can be used for estimating safety of navigation (navigational risk) in the restricted sea areas by means of the model of the ship's domain. The essence of the method suggested in the thesis is the systematic approach to sea vessel operation in the aspect of estimating its safety when navigating in restricted sea areas.
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