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EtCO2 -Based Biofeedback Method of Breath Regulation Increases Speech Fluency of Stuttering People

Stankiewicz B., Zieliński K., Darowski M., Michnikowski M.

Archives of Acoustics

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2015

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Vol. 40, No. 4

469–-474

EN

Respiratory disturbances frequently accompany stuttering. Their influence on lung ventilation can be assessed by measurement of the end-tidal CO2 concentration (EtCO2). The effectiveness of the CO2-based visual feedback method of breath regulation (VF) designed for stuttering therapy was tested in this study. The aim of the study was to answer the question if the VF helps to reduce respiratory disturbances in stuttering and increase speech fluency. 20 stuttering volunteers aged 13–45 years took part in the 3-parts test consisting of: 1. speaking without any techniques improving speech fluency, 2. learning the VF method, 3. VF-assisted speaking. The CO2/time signal and an acoustic signal of an utterance were recorded during the test. Significant increase of FE – the factor of breath ergonomics during speaking (based on both signals), from 47% to 71% (P < 0.01), and significant decrease of %SS – the percent of syllables stuttered, from 14% to 10% (P < 0.01) were received for VF-assisted utterances compared to the utterances without VF assistance. The results indicate that the VF can help to eliminate respiratory disturbances in stuttering and increase speech fluency.

2

Visual feedback based on expired CO2 as a therapy method for respiratory disturbances in stuttering

Stankiewicz B., Adamczyk B., Zieliński K., Darowski M.

Archives of Acoustics

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2006

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Vol. 31, No. 4

439-444

EN

A new CO2-based visual feedback therapy method (VF) for respiratory disturbances in stuttering was preliminarily assessed. Sound and expired CO2 signals were registered in 12 stutterers and 12 fluent speakers while speaking without and with VF to control breathing as well as during rest respiration, before each utterance. In stutterers, the end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2), the area under CO2/a time curve (SCO2), and the average emission of CO2 (ECO2 = SCO2/tbreath_cycle) for the CO2 peaks connected with the phrases containing tonic errors (with reference to rest respiration) were higher than those connected with fluent phrases (p<0.000001). Thus, a tendency to hypoventilation caused by tonic errors was observed. The factors of breath ergonomics while speaking FE (based on both signals) of stutterers were lower than those in fluent speakers (p<0.001). Using VF by stutterers increased FE (p<0.005) and decreased stuttering intensity.

3

Pomiary koncentracji CO₂ w powietrzu wydychanym podczas mówienia płynnego i niepłynnego

Raczek B., Adamczyk B.

Elektronizacja : podzespoły i zastosowania elektroniki

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2003

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Vol. 23, nr 9

21-25

PL

Rozważano wpływ zaburzeń oddechowych towarzyszących jąkaniu na wymianę gazową. Za pomocą prostego modelu RC zilustrowano procesy emisji i kapnograficznej rejestracji koncentracji CO₂ w powietrzu wydychanym podczas: mówienia płynnego, niepłynnego oraz oddychania spoczynkowego. Przedstawiono również wyniki eksperymentalne dwóch testów, przeprowadzonych z udziałem osób jąkających się i mówiących płynnie.

EN

The influence of respiratory disturbances in stuttering on gas exchange is considered in this paper. Emission process and capnographic registration of CO₂ concentration measured during fluent speech, non-fluent speech and duringresting respiration were illustrated by easy RC model. Experimental results of two tests, carried out with participation of stuttering people and fluent speaking people were presented, too.