Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Photogrammetry-Aided Study of the Accuracy and Repeatability of a Modular System for Manufacturing Shelf Ready Packaging

Jakubowicz Michał, Wieczorowski Michał, Gapiński Bartosz, Swojak Natalia, Rogiewicz Filip, Jermak Czesław

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no 4

111--127

EN

The paper presents an analysis of the influence of the Shelf Ready Packaging (SRP) machine performance parameters on the repeatability of generated cardboard boxes’ selected geometric features. As part of the research, two batches of packaging were measured. Each batch contained 100 pieces of packaging, manufactured either at a rate of 15 pcs/min or 20 pcs/min, 50 pcs each. Both batches were measured using Creaform’s Academia scanner using VXelements 6.2 software. The results were analyzed using GOM Inspect programming. In the first stage, the geometric repeatability of the products was analyzed on the basis of two selected critical features, which were considered to be the internal length and width of the cardboard packaging. These features are responsible for the proper efficiency of the packaging and the possibility of combining cartons during transportation. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. In the second stage of the research, an analysis of surface deviation maps was carried out against a reference element. Our findings allow it to be concluded that increasing the production output of carton packaging (from 15 to 20 pcs/min) did not negatively affect the dimensional accuracy and repeatability of the process. It was also found that the shortening of packaging production time by increasing productivity had a positive effect on the stability of the manufacturing process of hot-glued SRP packaging.

2

Verification of the measurement system in a production organization

Prístavka Miroslav, Findura Pavol, Beloev Ivan, Kuboń Maciej, Hrdá Veronika, Kovalyshyn Stepan, Shchur Taras

Agricultural Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 26, No. 1

81--90

EN

Monitoring the accuracy of meters by qualified workers and managers is a preventive measure of every organization. The paper focuses on monitoring the accuracy of measuring devices and proposes preventive and corrective actions. The discussed measurement device was tested for accuracy using accuracy indexes Cg and Cgk. The identified deviations in measurements showed that the meter was not fully efficient. Consequently, actions were taken to ensuring that the measurement device is accurate.

PL

Monitorowanie sprawności mierników to działanie prewencyjne każdej organizacji. Pracownicy działów jakości oraz osoby odpowiedzialne za kontrolę i pomiary wyrobów końcowych są zobowiązani do ciągłej kontroli sprzętu pomiarowego. W artykule skupiono się na monitorowaniu dokładności przyrządu pomiarowego oraz zaproponowaniu działań zapobiegawczych i korygujących. Dokładność przyrządu pomiarowego określono za pomocą wskaźników dokładności Cg i Cgk. Stwierdzono, że odchylenia w pomiarach świadczą o tym, że miernik nie jest w pełni sprawny. W związku z tym podjęto działania naprawcze, które zapewniły sprawność przyrządu pomiarowego.

3

Influence of temperature based process parameter compensation on process efficiency and productivity

Pater Jerzy, Basara Damian, Stadnicka Dorota

Technologia i Automatyzacja Montażu

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2021

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nr 2

44--51

PL

Warunki w środowisku pracy związane np. zapyleniem, wibracjami lub temperaturą mogą mieć negatywny wpływ zarówno na proces produkcyjny, jak i na wytwarzany produkt. Nieodpowiednie i niestabilne warunki mogą powodować niestabilność procesu produkcyjnego i pogarszać jakość wytwarzanych wyrobów. Co więcej, może to spowodować stratę czasu i zmniejszyć wydajność i produktywność. W artykule przeanalizowano problem wpływu temperatury na proces produkcyjny. Monitorowanie temperatury nie wystarczy, aby zapewnić osiągnięcie celów produkcyjnych. Konieczne jest odpowiednie dostosowanie parametrów procesu produkcyjnego, aby nie powstawały niezgodności wynikające ze zmian wartości temperatury i aby nie pojawiały się opóźnienia. Artykuł dotyczy wydajności i produktywności systemu produkcyjnego, który pracuje w niestabilnym środowisku pracy. Autorzy udowadniają, że zastosowanie kompensacji parametrów procesu produkcyjnego może znacząco poprawić zarówno wydajność, jak i produktywność. Wartości wydajności i produktywności były monitorowane w ustalonym okresie czasu dla systemu produkcyjnego, na którym realizowany jest proces produkcyjny. Następnie wprowadzono procedurę kompensacji parametrów procesu. Po czym, w określonym przedziale czasu zebrano dane i porównano wartości wydajności i produktywności z wartościami uzyskanymi wcześniej. Dodatkowo autorzy proponują wprowadzenie wskaźnika całkowitej efektywności wyposażenia (OEE) i w artykule przedstawiono informacje o sposobach zbierania danych dla obliczenia OEE.

EN

Conditions in the working environment related e.g. to dust, vibration or temperature may have a negative impact on both, the production process and the manufactured product. Inappropriate and unstable conditions can cause instability of the production process and deteriorate the quality of manufactured products. Moreover, this can induce time waste and decrease the efficiency and productivity. In this paper the problem of temperature influence on a manufacturing process is analyzed. Monitoring of the temperature is not enough to ensure the achievement of manufacturing goals. It is necessary to adapt the parameters of the production process accordingly so that no nonconformities arise due to changes in temperature values and no delays appear. This paper deals with the efficiency and productivity of a manufacturing system which work under unstable working environment. The authors prove that application of the manufacturing process parameters compensation can significantly improve both, efficiency and productivity. The values of efficiency and productivity were monitored within a fixed period of time for a manufacturing system, on where the manufacturing process is realized. Then, a procedure of process parameters compensation was introduced. Next, within a fixed period of time the data were collected and the efficiency and productivity values were compared with the values obtained before. Additionally, the authors propose to introduce the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) indicator and present information about ways of data collecting.

4

Pneumatic actuator positioning with pilot controlled check valves

Pawłowski Witold, Małek Adrian, Sikorski Jakub

Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 25, nr 1

15--21

EN

Tests of accuracy and repeatability of the pneumatic cylinder positioning in intermediate positions using a check valve are presented. The tests were performed under different loads and for different piston speeds and operating pressure in a pneumatic system with throttle check valves and an optical linear displacement sensor measuring the position of the actuator rod. Assessment of the effect of the cylinder performance parameters on the accuracy and repeatability of piston rod positioning was done and limitations and possible applications of the pneumatic cylinder positioning in intermediate positions with a check valve were identified.

5

Repeatability and reproducibility studies for non-replicable tests

Mikulová Pavlína, Plura Jiří, Knop Krzysztof

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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2020

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Vol. 2, nr 1

275--284

EN

The paper presents several approaches to gauge repeatability and reproducibility (GRR) analysis regarding non-replicable measurements. Measurement systems have to deal with processes in which, by the nature of the measured object or by the type of measurement itself, measurements are not repeatable. In these cases, each sample unit can be measured only once. Such situations are referred as non-replicable measurement systems. The aim of the paper is to map out the current approaches being used in GRR analysis in various cases of non-replicable tests and compare each other in order to find out the suitable use of analysis application. Approaches used are subject to critical analysis so that its review can serve a useful base for analysis of different non-replicable tests. At present, it is desirable to bring the improving actions in order to obtain the results of high quality from such kind of measurements. Since different non-replicable tests can measure a different quality characteristic, it is valuable to bring the appropriate designs for various tests. Subsequently, this review will serve an outline how to proceed in analyzing the results obtained by non-replicable tests. Specifically, GRR analysis works with two known de-signs named as “Crossed” and “Nested” design, which statistical software normally use. Doubtfully, crossed design is suggested to use at certain cases and nested at other specific cases. This is assessed and improving actions designed.

6

Evaluation of precision of hydrogen isotopic composition determinations by EA-IRMS, GC-IRMS and Py-GC-IRMS

Janiga Marek, Kania Małgorzata

Nafta-Gaz

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2020

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R. 76, nr 9

569--576

EN

The work presents the results of analyzes of the hydrogen isotopic composition of pyrolysis products of a shale sample. The pyrolysis products obtained are: methane, ethene, ethane, propylene, propane, 1-butene and n-butane. The apparatus used is a Thermo Scientific Delta V Advantage mass spectrometer with a Trace GC Ultra chromatograph (HP-PLOT/Q capillary column, 30 m) and Pyroprobe 6150 pyrolyzer (pyrolysis temperature 1000°C, isothermal 30 seconds). The Py-GC-IRMS methodology for determining the hydrogen isotopic composition of pyrolysis gas products was verified by evaluating repeatability. The shale sample was pyrolyzed at 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, 800°C, 900°C and 1000°C. Accordingly, pyrolysis at 500o C does not allow the products to be separated. The ratio between unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons changes, and as the temperature increases, unsaturated ones begin to dominate. The isotopic composition of individual pairs also changes, although the relationship between δD in unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons is constant. The trend for all components is that at higher pyrolysis temperatures, the isotopic composition is also higher. Herein, the differences in the isotope composition of 900°C and 1000°C are negligible. The nature of isotopic composition determinations does not allow ascertaining the limit of quantification, the limit of detection and the method bias. Values of relative standard deviations are below five percent only for methane, ethane and propylene. In addition, repeatability tests were performed for EA-IRMS (elemental analyzer combined with isotope mass spectrometer) and GCIRMS (sample injection directly into the inlet). The samples used were hard coal and natural gas. Repeatability of hydrogen isotopic composition analyzes assessed using relative standard deviation was the best (lowest value) for the GC-IRMS system (0.8%), then for the Py-GCIRMS system (methane at 3 mg – 1.2%) and for EA-IRMS (2.3%).

PL

Praca przedstawia wyniki analiz składu izotopowego wodoru produktów pirolizy próbki łupku. Otrzymywane produkty pirolizy to: metan, eten, etan, propylen, propan, 1-buten i n-butan. Wykorzystana aparatura to spektrometr masowy Delta V Advantage firmy Thermo Scientific wraz z chromatografem Trace GC Ultra (kolumna kapilarna HP-PLOT/Q, 30 m) i pirolizerem Pyroprobe 6150 (temperatura pirolizy: 1000°C, izoterma: 30 sekund). Układ połączony jest on-line za pośrednictwem Conflo IV. Metodyka Py-GC-IRMS oznaczeń składu izotopowego wodoru gazowych produktów pirolizy została sprawdzona poprzez ocenę powtarzalności. Próbka łupku była pirolizowana w temperaturach: 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, 800°C, 900°C i 1000°C. Piroliza w 500°C nie pozwala na wydzielenie produktów. Proporcja pomiędzy nienasyconymi i nasyconymi węglowodorami zmienia się i wraz ze wzrostem temperatury zaczynają dominować węglowodory nienasycone. Skład izotopowy poszczególnych par również ulega zmianie, choć stała jest relacja pomiędzy δD nienasyconych i nasyconych węglowodorów. W przypadku wszystkich składników utrzymuje się trend, że przy wyższej temperaturze pirolizy wartości składu izotopowego są również wyższe. Dodatkowo różnice składu izotopowego w temperaturach 900°C i 1000°C są już znikome. Charakter oznaczeń składu izotopowego nie pozwala na określenie granicy oznaczalności, granicy wykrywalności oraz obciążenia metody. Wartości względnych odchyleń standardowych są poniżej pięciu procent jedynie dla metanu, etanu i propylenu. Dodatkowo wykonano testy powtarzalności dla układów EA-IRMS (analizator elementarny połączony z izotopowym spektrometrem masowym) oraz GC-IRMS (nastrzyk próbki bezpośrednio do dozownika chromatografu połączonego z ConFlo IV i spektrometrem). Wykorzystane próbki to węgiel kamienny oraz gaz ziemny. Powtarzalność oznaczeń składu izotopowego wodoru oceniana przy użyciu względnego odchylenia standardowego była najlepsza (najniższa wartość) w przypadku układu GC-IRMS (0,8%), następnie układu Py-GC-IRMS (metan przy naważce 3 mg – 1,2%) i EA-IRMS (2,3%).

7

Evaluating measurement accuracy and repeatability with a new device that records spatial knee movement

Tian Fei, Huang Qiuyue, Zheng Zhi, Li Ningwei, Zhu Ting, Dai Wei, Wang Shaobai

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2020

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Vol. 22, no. 3

55--67

EN

Purpose: A novel portable system has been used to evaluate spatial knee movement, but its accuracy and repeatability is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement. Methods: Ten healthy participants were included, and the knee motion trajectory during walking were assessed. Six evaluations were conducted (three days by two raters) for each participant. The motion parameters at the key points and the range of motion were statistically analyzed. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error of the measurement (SEM), and the Bland–Altman method were used. Results: For intra-rater repeatability, 1) the ICC values range from 0.75 to 0.9 for rotations; and 0.64 to 0.96 for translations. Among the ICC values, 100% of rotations and 90% of translations were not less than 0.70; 2) among the SEM values, 100% of rotations were not more than 5°, while 73.3% of translations were less than 3 mm. For inter-rater repeatability, 1) the ICC values range from 0.68 to 0.99 for rotations; and 0.57 to 0.93 for translations. Among the ICC values, 95.6% of rotations and 82.2% of translations were not less than 0.70; 2) among the SEM values, 100% of rotations were not more than 5°, and 48.9% of translations were less than 3 mm. The Bland–Altman plots showed good agreement for intra- and inter-repeatability. Conclusions: The results indicated that the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement were acceptable, except for the inter-rater repeatability for translation. This may help researchers and physicians better interpret the measurement data.

8

Effect of non-fulfillment of assumptions on gage repeatability and reproducibility study evaluation

Klaput Pavel, Vykydal David, Plura Jiří

Quality Production Improvement - QPI

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2019

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

472--478

EN

The evaluation of the measurement system quality has already become an integral part of quality planning activities in both the automotive and metallurgical industries. An important assumption for obtaining the most relia ble results is compliance with the basic assumptions for evaluating the variability of the measurement system. The main goal of this paper is to analyze, how the failure to meet the basic assumptions influences the evaluation of the measurement system's statistical properties. This goal is achieved by performing a detailed analysis of the latest developments in the field of measurement systems analysis aimed at verifying the assumptions of normality and uniformity. The evaluation of the effect of non-fulfillment of both assumptions on the values of the most important statistical properties of the measurement system is performed using simulated data. Suitable graphical tools are used for practical verification of both assumptions.

9

Detailed analysis of grr study results and their visualization

Mikulová Pavlína, Plura Jiří

Quality Production Improvement - QPI

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2019

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

479--486

EN

The paper presents the possibilities of analyzing the measurement system repeatability and reproducibility (GRR) analysis results in more detail and their visualization. Based on real data, the influence of appraisers’ behavior on GRR analysis results is evaluated. The measured data obtained in the GRR study by three operators are analyzed in more detail for cases involving only two operators. Comparison of the behavior of individual operators is performed using Gaussian curves, which allow to evaluate graphically the repeatability of individual operators and the reproducibility of measurement system. This approach makes possible to visualize the GRR analysis results with regard to behavior of individual operators. Obtained results make possible to improve the interpretation of GRR analysis results and are useful for measurement system improvement.

10

Testing the extended capabilities of an industrial robot equipped with an adapted working tool

Maśnicki Romuald, Miezianko Cezary, Niczyporuk Cezary

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2019

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R. 95, nr 11

82--85

EN

This paper presents the course of work related to the modification of an industrial robot. The functionality of the industrial robot has been extended by including an adapted tool in its kinematic chain instead of the original tool. The article shows the way of modernizing the robot, the method used to test and calibrate the robot. The diagram of the robot's operation during tests is shown and the test results are discussed.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przebieg prac związanych z modyfikacją robota przemysłowego. Funkcjonalność robota przemysłowego została rozszerzona przez zastosowanie zaadaptowanego narzędzia w jego łańcuchu kinematycznym zamiast oryginalnego narzędzia. W pracy przedstawiono sposób modernizacji robota, zastosowaną metodę testowania i kalibracji robota. Pokazano schemat działania robota podczas testów i omówiono wyniki testów.

11

Piroliza Py-GC-IRMS – elementy walidacji oznaczania on-line składu izotopowego węgla produktów pirolizy

Janiga Marek, Kania Małgorzata

Nafta-Gaz

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2019

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R. 75, nr 5

247--253

PL

Urządzenia pozwalające poddawać próbkę procesowi pirolizy w precyzyjnie określonych warunkach to pirolizery. Mogą one być łączone z różnymi aparatami, takimi jak chromatografy gazowe (z detektorami FID), spektrometry masowe oraz izotopowe spektrometry masowe. Zestawy GC-IRMS pozwalają na uzyskanie wartości δ13C poszczególnych związków z mieszaniny bez konieczności fizycznego jej rozdziału (rozdział następuje dzięki kolumnie chromatograficznej). Połączenie zestawu GC-IRMS z pirolizerem w układzie on-line pozwala na określanie składu izotopowego produktu pirolizy, a w zasadzie poszczególnych związków chemicznych produktu pirolizy. Praca przedstawia wyniki analiz produktów pirolizy próbki łupku sylurskiego. Otrzymywane produkty pirolizy to: metan, eten, etan, propylen, propan, 1-buten, n-butan oraz ditlenek węgla. Wykorzystana aparatura to spektrometr masowy Delta V Advantage firmy Thermo Scientific wraz z chromatografem Trace GC Ultra (kolumna kapilarna HP-PLOT Q, 30 m) i pirolizerem Pyroprobe 6150 (temperatura pirolizy 1000C, izoterma 30 sekund). Układ połączony on-line za pośrednictwem ConFlo IV. Metodyka Py-GC-IRMS oznaczeń składu izotopowego węgla gazowych produktów pirolizy została skalibrowana i sprawdzona poprzez ocenę powtarzalności i liniowości. Charakter oznaczeń składu izotopowego nie pozwala na określenie: granicy oznaczalności, granicy wykrywalności oraz obciążenia metody. Wszystkie wartości względnych odchyleń standardowych są poniżej pięciu procent (najniższe dla metanu: 0,6%), co jest wynikiem zadowalającym i potwierdzającym, że metoda daje powtarzalne rezultaty. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań uznano, że liniowość nie powinna być oceniana dla tej metody, a brak spełnienia kryterium liniowości nie świadczy o gorszych wynikach.

EN

Devices allowing to perform a pyrolysis process under precisely defined conditions are pyrolyzers. They can be combined with various apparatus such as gas chromatographs (with FID detector), mass spectrometers and isotopic mass spectrometers. The GC-IRMS kits allow to obtain δ13C values of individual compounds from the mixture without the necessity of physical separation (the separation takes place in the chromatographic column). The combination of the on-line GC-IRMS kit with the pyrolyzer allows to determine the isotopic composition of the pyrolysis product (the individual chemical compounds of the pyrolysis product). The paper presents the results of analyses of the Silurian shale pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis products obtained are: methane, ethene, ethane, propylene, propane, 1-butene, n-butane and carbon dioxide. The apparatus used is a Thermo Scientific Delta V Advantage mass spectrometer with a Trace GC Ultra chromatograph (HPPLOT/Q capillary column, 30 m) and Pyroprobe 6150 pyrolyzer (pyrolysis temperature 1000°C, isothermal 30 seconds). The Py-GC-IRMS methodology for determining the carbon isotopic composition of pyrolysis gas products has been calibrated and verified by evaluating repeatability and linearity. The nature of isotopic composition determinations does not allow to determine: the limit of quantification, the limit of detection and the method bias. All values of relative standard deviations are below five percent (the lowest for methane 0.6%), which is satisfactory and confirms that the method is reproducible. Linearity should not be evaluated for this method, and the lack of fulfillment of the linearity criterion does not indicate worse results.

12

Evaluation of the residual magnetic field measurement system for early identification of railway defects

Rucki Mirosław, Gockiewicz Anna, Szumiata Tadeusz

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2019

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Vol. 26, nr 4

687--696

EN

The paper presents research on the capability of the residual magnetic field (RMF) measurement system to be applied to the railway inspection for the early non-destructive detection of defects. The metal magnetic memory (MMM) phenomena are analysed using normal component Hy of self-magnetic flux leakage (SMFL), and its tangential component Hx, as well as their respective gradients. The measurement apparatus is described together with possible factors that may affect the results of measurement. The Type A uncertainty estimation and repeatability tests were performed. The results demonstrate that the system may be successfully applied to detection of head check flaws.

13

Zastosowanie analizy powtarzalności i odtwarzalności pomiarów R&R w ogólnej Analizie Systemów Pomiarowych (MSA)

Żuchowski J., Nowak M.

Problemy Jakości

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2018

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R. 50, nr 6

28--32

PL

Za cel opracowania artykułu przyjęto: (1) omówienie etapów Analizy Systemów Pomiarowych (MSA) z uszczegółowieniem analizy powtarzalności i odtwarzalności pomiarów R&R oraz (2) prezentację zastosowania w praktyce gospodarczej na podstawie osi napędowych. Analizę R&R przeprowadziło trzech operatorów narzędzi pomiarowych, którzy w trzech turach dokonywali pomiaru jednej z charakterystyk specjalnych osi napędowej. Na podstawie wyliczeń odchyleń standardowych będących składowym analizy wyliczono wskaźnik powtarzalności i odtwarzalności pomiarów. Wyciągnięto następujące wnioski: (1) metoda R&R jest narzędziem skutecznego badania systemów pomiarowych, (2) wskaźnik R&R pozwala stwierdzić, czy dany system pomiarowy uzyskuje powtarzalne i odtwarzalne wyniki pomiarów. Wkładem własnym autorów jest prezentacja praktycznego zastosowania analizy R&R w ogólnej Analizie Systemów Pomiarowych (MSA) na praktycznym przykładzie z przemysłu motoryzacyjnego.

EN

The aim of this article was to: (1) discuss the stages of Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) with detailed analysis of repeatability and reproducibility of R&R measurements and (2) presentations of practical application in economic practice based on drive axes. The R&R analysis was performed by three measuring tools operators who in three turns measured one of the characteristics of the special drive axle. On the basis of calculations of standard deviations being the analysis component, the repeatability and reproducibility index was calculated. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) the R&R method is a tool for effective testing of measurement systems, (2) the R&R indicator allows to determine whether a given measurement system obtains reproducible and reproducible measurement results. The authors’ own contribution is the presentation of the practical application of R&R analysis in the overall Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) on the practical example of the automotive industry.

14

Surface quality by human inspection

Dekomien K., Huxol A., Riegel A., Ravichandran S., Wagenführ A.

Farby i Lakiery

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2018

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nr 3

42--52

EN

Quality plays a vital role for satisfying the customers and for measuring the reliability of the product. Looking at high gloss surfaces gives an idea of the difficulties in quality inspection. While common measurement techniques like gloss or color measurement are widely used in industry for quality assessment of furniture high gloss surfaces, they indicate only a weak correlation to the quality perceived by the customer. Thus different methods for measurement and sensory evaluation need to be qualified for the application on high gloss surfaces. This report shows how the surface quality of high gloss coated wooden products can be evaluated by means of visual inspection. The evaluation quality is controlled by a developed topography based measuring system. It is possible to find out the reproducibility and repeatability of the operators by implementing six sigma tools such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Measurement System Analysis (MSA). This method will be highly helpful in the wooden industries since the quality cannot be totally measured, is assessed based on required parameters and it also uses a Hedonic scale for calculating the results, which is quite easier and faster than other methods.

PL

Jakość odgrywa istotną rolę w zaspokajaniu potrzeb klientów i oceny niezawodności produktu. Patrząc na powierzchnie o wysokim połysku mamy wyobrażenie o trudnościach w ich kontroli jakości. Powszechne techniki pomiarowe, takie jak pomiar połysku lub barwy, są szeroko stosowane w przemyśle do oceny jakości powierzchni o wysokim połysku. Wykazują one jednak jedynie słabą korelację z jakością postrzeganą przez klienta. Dlatego też do oceny powierzchni o wysokim połysku muszą być stosowane różne metody pomiaru i oceny sensorycznej. W artykule przedstawiono, w jaki sposób jakość powierzchni drewnianych, powlekanych produktów o wysokim połysku można zbadać za pomocą oceny wizualnej. Jakość oceny jest kontrolowana przez opracowany system pomiaru oparty na topografii. Możliwe jest ustalenie odtwarzalności i powtarzalności operatorów za pomocą narzędzi Six Sigma, takich jak analiza wariancji (ANOVA) i analiza systemu pomiarowego (MSA). Metoda ta będzie bardzo pomocna w przemyśle drzewnym, ponieważ jakość nie może być w pełni zmierzona. Jest ona oceniana na podstawie wymaganych parametrów, a do obliczenia wyników stosuje się skalę hedoniczną, która jest znacznie łatwiejsza i szybsza niż w przypadku innych metod.

15

A comparison of methods solving repeatable inverse kinematics for robot manipulators

Duleba I., Karcz-Duleba I.

Archives of Control Sciences

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2018

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Vol. 28, No. 1

5--18

EN

In this paper two recent methods of solving a repeatable inverse kinematic task are compared. The methods differ substantially although both are rooted in optimization techniques. The first one is based on a paradigm of continuation methods while the second one takes advantage of consecutive approximations. The methods are compared based on a quality of provided results and other quantitative and qualitative factors. In order to get a statistically valuable comparison, some data are collected from simulations performed on pendula robots with different paths to follow, initial configurations and a degree of redundancy.

16

Anatomical protocol for gait analysis: joint kinematics measurement and its repeatability

Żuk M., Trzeciak M.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2017

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Vol. 55 nr 1

369--376

EN

International Society of Biomechanics has proposed a general reporting standard for joint kinematics based on anatomical reference frames. Nevertheless, the gait analysis protocols based on this standard are still poorly reported. The purpose of the current study is to propose and preliminarily assess the potential of an anatomically based ISB 6-DOF protocol, which combines the ISB reporting standard together with a marker cluster technique. The proposed technical marker set enables full description of the lower limb kinematics (including three-dimensional ankle-foot complex rotations) according to the current biomechanical recommendation. The marker set provides a clinically acceptable inter-trial repeatability and minimal equipment requirements.

17

Metrological Properties of the Test Setup for Determination Shielding Effectiveness of the Industrial Cable Connectors

Kopka R., Tarczyński W., Pluta S.

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2017

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Vol. 63, No. 1

11--18

EN

The paper presents results related to assessment of the repeatability and reproducibility of the measurement test setup for determination the relative value of the shielding effectiveness coefficient of the industrial connectors. The construction of the proposed test setup, the measurement method and the procedure for the analysis of measurement results were described. To determine the value of the repeatability and reproducibility coefficient, the two–way analysis of variance was used, which additionally allows for an assessment of the influence of individual sources of variance. The measurements and their analysis were conducted for several frequencies in the range up to 1 GHz. Additionally, the expanded measurement uncertainty, including the test setup and instruments uncertainty was estimated.

18

Suboptimal approximations in repeatable inverse kinematics for robot manipulators

Duleba I., Karcz-Duleba I.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 2

209--217

EN

In this paper a repeatable inverse kinematic task was solved via an approximation of a pseudo-inverse Jacobian matrix of a robot manipulator. An entry configuration to the task was optimized and a task-dependent definition of an approximation region, in a configuration space, was utilized. As a side effect, a relationship between manipulability and optimally augmented forward kinematics was established and independence of approximation task solutions on rotations in augmented components of kinematics was proved. A simulation study was performed on planar pendula manipulators. It was demonstrated that selection of an initial configuration to the repeatable inverse kinematic task heavily impacts solvability of the task and its quality. Some remarks on a formulation of the approximation task and its numerical aspects were also provided.

19

Inspiracje w architekturze. Cz.7 Rytm

Maciejko A.

Builder

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2017

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R.21, nr 8

26--29

20

The Impact of the Thickness of the Ceramic Shell Mould on the (γ + γ') Eutectic in the IN713C Superalloy Airfoil Blade Casting

Szczotok A., Nawrocki J., Pietraszek J.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2017

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Vol. 62, iss. 2A

587--593

EN

In the study the wall thickness of ceramic shell mould influence on (γ + γ') eutectic in the IN713C nickel-based superalloy airfoil blade casting was described. Two castings formed as a blade from two wax pattern assemblies were analysed. In the experiment in one pattern the thick ceramic layer was obtained on pressure side and in another one on suction side of the airfoil blade. The microstructure of the crosssections of the castings were observed on polished and etched metallographic specimens. The microstructure and phases chemical compositions of specimens was analyzed by using the scanning electron microscope Hitachi S-4200 equipped with EDS. It was established, that wall thickness of ceramic shell mould affect size, shape and volume fraction of (γ + γ') eutectic islands in airfoil blade made from IN713C superalloy. The analysis was provided in accordance to the typical statistical methodology [1].