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Mathematical modelling of thermal processes by the use of regression and neural models

Rusinowski H., Plis M.

Archives of Thermodynamics

2018

Vol. 39, no 3

111--127

The paper presents a description of used methods and exemplary mathematical models which are classified into theoretical-empirical models of thermal processes. Such models encompass equations resulting from the laws of physics and additional empirical functions describing processes for which analytical models are complex and difficult to develop. The principle of developing, advantages and disadvantages of presented models as well as quality prediction assessment were presented. Mathematical models of a steam boiler, a steam turbine as well as a heat recovery steam generator were described. Exemplary calculation results were presented and compared with measurements.

A Biomechanical Analysis of Manual Lifting Tasks Performed in Restricted Workspaces

Elfeituri F. E.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2001

Vol. 7, No. 3

333--346

This paper describes the results of an experimental study aimed at evaluating the biomechanical effects of working in a spatially restricted environment on manual lifting tasks. The main objective of the study is to estimate the biomechanical loading (in terms of peak compression and shear forces) on the lumbar spine for the selected combinations of limited headroom heights and twisting angles. A three-dimensional dynamic biomechanical model was utilized to assess peak compression and shear forces at the L5/S1 lumbosacral joint. The results indicated that by reducing the headroom height, the participants were forced to stand with their trunks fully flexed forward which, by increasing the mechanical disadvantage at the lumbosacral disc, increased the compression forces. Both compression and shear forces were affected by the increase in twisting angle. The greater the twisting angle, the higher the compression and shear forces. Regression models were developed and validated, which demonstrated high accuracy of predicting the psychophysical and biomechanical lifting capacities.