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1

Ecological and economic aspects of effective use of land resources – potential of Vinnytsia region

Hubar Yurii, Hulko Oleksandra, Khavar Yulia, Vynarchyk Liliya, Sai Vira

Geodesy and Cartography

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2020

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Vol. 69, no. 2

173--187

EN

The article considers a comprehensive study of the problem of land relations development in the region. It identifies the main directions for their further development, which include improving the legislative framework, economic and monetary valuation of land, leasing land relations and ensuring the formation of a market for agricultural land and ecologically safe land use. The article aims to determine the interrelated components of the organizational and economic mechanism for managing land resources of agricultural enterprises in the context of ensuring land-use efficiency based on the choice of a land-use optimization model. The theoretical and methodological bases for the development of land relations in the conditions of market economy formation are generalized. The directions for improving the ecological status of agricultural land are justified. The state regulation of land relations is analyzed, and ways to improve land legislation are proposed. The directions of the formation and development of the agricultural land market are justified. The ways to improve the ecological condition of the land, taking into account the regional characteristics of the Vinnytsia region, are proposed. To determine the relationship of rational use and reproduction of resources, considering the problems of choosing the optimal strategy for the impact of the economy on the ecologization of land resources, the system of rational use and reproduction of natural resources is developed. The optimization model describing the conditions for the process of stimulating landowners and land users in the direction of protection and rational land use is established.

2

Land management issues in China's rural areas

Qu W.

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2017

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no. 1

105--119

EN

This article reviews China’s land system reform along the timeline of economic development and in three stages: land system reform in line with the reform of State-owned enterprises; the housing system reform; and the current urbanisation process. It focuses on the process and characteristics of urbanisation in China and the characteristics of the land system reform constrained by urbanisation. Combining the current and future characteristics of China’s economic development, this article offers some advice on the balance between urbanisation and rural land management issues.

3

Sprawiedliwość nawet po 70 latach

Grzechnik B.

Geodeta : magazyn geoinformacyjny

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2017

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nr 2

18--25

4

O mobilizacji sił mierniczych

Grzechnik B.

Geodeta : magazyn geoinformacyjny

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2017

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nr 4

21

5

Housing in the Polish countryside (ruralist's reflections)

Mełges H.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

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2015

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Y. 112, iss. 1-A

83--108

EN

This article presents the issue of housing construction in the Polish countryside in a synthetically treated historical aspect (until 1939) and seven phases after 1945 distinguished by the author. The author’s observations and assertions are based on knowledge of the subject (and many years of research) in relation to construction in Lesser Poland. The seven parts (sections) cover the critical description of the phenomena connected with rural housing, in particular processes of dispersion (entropy) in the management of rural space and far-reaching aesthetic disorders, both landscape and conceptual-functional (in terms of technical infrastructure and social costs). The article justifies the thesis of a significant and sometimes decisive (often negative) impact of land reform (Decree PCNL 1944), and two great political transformations (1944–1948, i.e. the introduction of real socialism, and return to a market economy and democratic system after 1989) on the construction. The considerations are accompanied by reflections of a general nature by researcher of rural planning and architecture and designer of many architectural objects.

PL

Artykuł przybliża problematykę budownictwa mieszkaniowego na polskiej wsi w syntetycznie potraktowanym aspekcie historycznym (do 1939 r.) i w siedmiu wyodrębnionych przez autora fazach po roku 1945. Swoje obserwacje i konstatacje autor opiera na znajomości przedmiotu (i wieloletnich badaniach) w odniesieniu do tego budownictwa na terenie województwa małopolskiego. W siedmiu częściach (podrozdziałach) ujmuje krytyczny opis zjawisk towarzyszących budownictwu wiejskiemu, w szczególności procesy rozproszenia (entropii) w gospodarowaniu przestrzenią wiejską oraz daleko idące zaburzenia estetyczne, krajobrazowe i koncepcyjno-funkcjonalne (w kontekście infrastruktury technicznej i kosztów społecznych). Uzasadnia przy tym tezę o znaczącym, a niekiedy decydującym (i nierzadko negatywnym) wpływie na to budownictwo reformy rolnej (dekret PKWN z 1944 r.) oraz dwóch wielkich transformacji ustrojowych (1944–1948 r., czyli wprowadzenia realnego socjalizmu, oraz po 1989 r. powrotu do gospodarki rynkowej i ustroju demokratycznego). Rozważaniom towarzyszą refleksje natury ogólnej badacza przedmiotu z zakresu planowania i architektury wsi oraz praktyka-projektanta wielu obiektów architektonicznych.

6

Land reform in Iran and its effects on rural landscapes: enormous lessons for the future

Rastandeh A.

Architektura Krajobrazu

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2009

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nr 1

11-19

EN

The paper makes an effort to indicate how the land reform in Iran (1962-1971) contributed to the indepth changes in rural landscapes across the country in Pahlavi era (1925-1979). It will show that after the land reform, the factors creating rural landscapes were changed and this, in itself, led to pronounced effects on Iran's rural landscapes in many aspects. To clarify the effects and changes derived from the land reform operations, the researcher, having investigated in more than fifty villages in the variant climates and distinctive geographical areas, analyzed the differences and pursued their main roots to conclude that there is a divergence between Iran's rural landscapes before and after the land reform. The paper emphasizes the fact that there are common grounds on the rural landscape change issues which can be useful, adaptable, and applicable in many ways for the related authorities in Iran and other similar developing countries. In addition, the paper aims to provide policy guidance to governments and planners in the field of rural landscape changes in developing countries for the future.

7

Dokumenty nadania ziemi z okresu reformy rolnej i akcji osiedleńczej

Kwartnik-Pruc A., Śmiałowska-Uberman Z.

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 1, no. 4

189-200

PL

W publikacji wyjaśnione zostały procedury przeprowadzania reformy rolnej i akcji osiedleńczej po roku 1944. W wyniku parcelacji majątków ziemskich, w zależności od miejsca położenia gruntów (Ziemie Odzyskane i byłe Wolne Miasto Gdańsk oraz reszta kraju), wydawane były odmienne dokumenty uwłaszczenia ziemią. W faktycznym podziale majątków ziemskich dużą rolę odegrali mierniczy przysięgli. Wykonywali oni w tamtych czasach wolny zawód geodezyjny. W wyniku reformy rolnej powstał Państwowy Fundusz Ziemi, istniejący do roku 1991, a nowy stan prawny ujawniany był w księdze hipotecznej (wieczystej, gruntowej) bądź prowadzonych zbiorach dokumentów. Niektóre z nich istnieją jeszcze jako substytuty ksiąg wieczystych. Dowód otrzymania gospodarstwa rolnego w wyniku reformy rolnej posiada do chwili obecnej moc prawną przy usuwaniu niezgodności wpisów w księdze wieczystej z rzeczywistym stanem prawnym nieruchomości.

EN

The article explains procedura aspects of the land reform and settlement action carried out after the 1944. As a result of land division and distribution, depending on the area in consideration (e.g. Recovered Land, the former Free City of Gdansk, the remaining areas of Poland) different types of documents were issued and delivered. In execution works an important role was played by the chartered surveyors. They performed an independent geodesy profession. As a result of the land reform the state land fund had been created, which existed till 1991, and its ownership rights were either published in real estate registers or in separate sets of documentation. Some of the latter ones still exist, as substitutes to the proper real estate registers. An assignment of land issued in execution of the land reform are still legally valid in case of discrepancies in between entries to real estate registers and actual legal status.

8

Land reform for countries in transition a case study of Ukraine

Bullard R. K., Babiy L.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska

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1998

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z. 29 [166], T.1

65-68

EN

Since the break up of the Soviet Union, the countries which were under its former domination have found themselves responsible for their own land policies. The Ukraine has been under domination from an outside power longer than most of the former satellites, and therefore has become unwillingly accustomed to a centrally dominated socialist system of land ownership. This system has been operated with large co-operatives having little or no opportunity for private investment or initiative, certainly in the rural areas of the former Soviet satellites. This paper looks at the land reform changes that have happened in the countries in general, the approaches they have taken and the results of the changes to date. The striving, during the transition process, to reach a market-orientated economy, supported in many cases by the European Union, through its agencies, PHARE and TACIS, have brought about a number of different approaches to land reform. The reforms have been centred on the objective to return land to its former owners as an important first step in democratisation as seen by the electorate of these countries. This paper looks at the changes that have and continue to take place in Ukraine with particular importance for the form of land ownership.

9

Do pitannja pro zemel'nu refomu

Khropot S.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska

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1998

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z. 29 [166], T.1

171-178