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1
Content available remote The population of South Russian Plain after the maximum of the second Pleniglacial
Cohen V.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
363-384
EN
The paper basically challenges palaeoecology, chronology and taxonomy of both Upper and Final Palaeolithic through South Eastern European Plain since the second half of the Pleniglacial B up to the Preboreal. Recently received and summarised palynological evidences reflect the alteration of several stadials and interstadials, i.e. tangible changes in palaeoecological situation. It is quite reasonable to suppose, that the so-called "steppe-zone" should be chronologically limited within the time-span 20-18000 BP, consistent with Anetovka Amvrosievka chronological horizon. The analyses of the subsequent Upper Palaeolithic development allow us to consider rather complex taxonomical structure, whereas each of the examined chronological horizons embrace cultural polyphony. Some causes and effects parameters of this process must be taken into account.
2
Content available remote The Hamburgian settlement at Mirkowice: recent results and research perspectives
Kabaciński J., Bratlund B., Kubiak L., Makowiecki D., Schild R., Tobolski K.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
211-238
EN
In the early 1990s another Hamburgian settlement was discovered in the northern part of the Polish Plain - the most eastern and northern settlement known up to now. The paper discusses initial results of the international research program that was built up around this discovery: (1) stratigraphy and geomorphology of the site; (2) general characteristic of the lithic industry, and (3) faunal remains. The site at Mirkowice creates an exceptional situation for modern environmental studies of the Late Glacial, including reconstruction of plant and animal assemblages of that times and proper correlation of geological and geomorphological processes of the area with the human occupation. Altogether, the Mirkowice project has a research potential to be a benchmark for a modern chronostratigraphy of the Late Glacial in the Lowland.
3
Content available remote The final Pleistocene recolonisation of the northwestern Polish Plain
Kobusiewicz M.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
197-210
EN
After 100,000 years long break the northwestern Polish Plain was recolonised at the end of the Pleistocene during the Bolling oscillation warming by human groups of Hamburgian Culture. Climatic conditions during the Older Dryas were too harsh for humans. The renewed wave of settlers, known as Backed Blades Technocomplex (Federmesser, Tarnovien) was possible only after the Allerod warming. At the end of this period some groups of the Bromme-Lyngby culture appeared in the discussed area. The following Younger Dryas was a realm of Svidero-Ahrensburgian Complex with characteristic tanged points of Svidry and Ahrensburg type. Some sites of this kind are dated to the very beginning of the Preboreal. Because the latitudinal valleys played the role of natural routes for communication, the area under discussion throughout all of the Final Pleistocene was culturally linked to the northwest European Plain.
4
Content available remote Terminal Palaeolithic of Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania : (survey of cultural differentiation)
Zaliznyak L.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
333-361
EN
Two, quite different cultural worlds developed at the terminal Palaeolithic in the western part of Eastern Europe. To the south from Kiev to the Black Sea coast there were groups of Gravettian culture tradition: Late Molodova, Epigravettian, Osokorivka, Shan-Coba. On the north, from Kiev to the Baltic Sea coast during the Allerod and Younger Dryas periods, units with pedunculated points: Lyngby, Krasnosilya and Świdry cultures developed.
5
Content available remote Review of the faunal evidence from the Late Glacial in Northern Europe
Bratlund B.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
31-37
EN
The archaeological cultures found in the European Plains during the Late Glacial are all distributed over large territories and thus over possibly quite differing and varied resource areas. However, none of the major groups have as yet provided site assemblages to cover the entire yearly cycle. New datings and reanalysis of old material suggests, that we will never again be able to describe a particular group with a label like "reindeer hunter" or "elk hunter", and that for whatever new site encountered the seasonal limitations of the assemblage must be kept in mind.
6
Content available remote Postpleniglacial repeopling of the Hungarian Plain
Dobosi V. T.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
297-315
EN
The postpleniglacial environment of the Hungarian Plain was mosaic-like. The surface is a mixture of the recent alluvium, loess-covered ancient hills, wind-blown sand dunes, and saline oxbow lakes. The flora-spectrum is characterised by the advance of deciduous trees, the Holocene being marked by the appearance of the Acer tataricum. The mammalian fauna becomes depleted, disharmonic and unbalanced (Bajot and Palank climato-faunistic phases). Two cultural phyla are identified in the second part of LUP: - the younger strata of the Epigravettian (younger blade) sites (Dunakanyar, Jaszsag), - sites of Allerod-oscillation with small artefacts made by the Mesolithic technique, but without Mesolithic types.
7
Content available remote Perspectives on the colonisation of the Scandinavian Peninsula
Larsson L.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
175-196
EN
Radiometric datings of different animal species suggest that suitable conditions for settlement in southern Sweden may have existed from a late part of the Bolling interstadial. Large-scale settlement may be related to the rise of a land bridge to southern Sweden in the later part of the Allerod, coinciding with the Bromme Culture. A renewed meltwater outlet in the Oresund combined with a heavy fall in temperature at the start of the Younger Dryas seriously jeopardized the chances for several animal species to exist in southern Sweden. Despite this, there are indications of continued human presence in Southern Sweden. During the Allerod and the Younger Dryas, the hunters' main prey was reindeer, but horse and elk were also hunted. During the transition from the Younger Dryas to the Preboreal, there was extensive colonisation of the whole Norwegian coast - a distance of 1600 km - in the course of a few generations. This shows a significant coastal settlement with great mobility.
8
Content available remote Menschliche Penetration der Hohlen im mittleren Teil, der Krakowsko-Częstochowska - Hochebene zwischen dem 18. und dem 11. Jahrtausend (vom Interstadial Lascaux bis zum Interstadial Allerod)
Cyrek K.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
269-288
9
Content available remote Les origines de la recolonisation de la partie septentrionale de l'Europe centrale apres le Pleniglaciaire
Kozłowski J. K.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
317-331
10
Content available remote Late Upper and Late Palaeolithic in the Czech Republic
Vencl S.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
289-296
EN
The Moravian Late Palaeolithic settlement seems to have been less rich than that of Bohemia, though the frequency of the Moravian sites is certainly non-randomly influenced by the research priorities concentrated in the local splendid Upper Palaeolithic and even earlier cultures.
11
Content available remote Late Palaeolithic settlement in Denmark - how do we read the record?
Eriksen B. V.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
157-173
EN
Evidently, many questions remain open with respect to the Late Palaeolithic of Denmark, and there is a lot of work still to be done. Major problems result from a severe lack of absolute dating and chronostratigraphical observation. An obvious solution to these problems is more systematic fieldwork. 50 years ago Erik Westerby used systematic prospection and surveying to find the first Late Palaeolithic settlement site in Denmark. We must do the same to locate sites with preserved organic remains.
12
Content available remote Intensification of settlement in the Late Glacial of south-western Balkans
Mihailovic D.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
385-392
EN
This paper deals with intensification of the settlement of caves and rock-shelters in the southwestern Balkans during the Late Glacial. Diachronous change is discussed along with regional differences in the structure of chipped stone industries and participation of particular faunal remains. It was assumed that homogeneity of material remains recorded in stratigraphy of the majority of sites, along with occurrence of mineral and food resources extracted in the sites' vicinity, could imply not only to restricted mobility of bands in that period, but equally to the organized settlement system in which each site had particular role in the annual cycle of resources exploitation.
13
Content available remote Concerning chronology of the Hamburgian Culture
Burdukiewicz J. M.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
127-146
EN
The oldest recolonisation of Northern Europe after the last glaciation, represented by Hamburgian culture is dated by archaeological, palynological, geological and radiocarbon methods. The results of over 60 years-research on chronological determination of the Hamburgian culture are rather pessimistic. Archaeological materials for good 14C determination are still very rare or they are weakly associated with settlement units. Some "wiggles" in 14C determinations observed in the Netherlands between 12-10.7 Kyr BP rather exclude good dating of the youngest Hamburgian sites. Recent research of fluctuation of atmospheric Delta14C observed from 12.6 to 12.1 Kyr BP supports explanation of the limits of radiocarbon age determination. Variable Late Glacial palynological and geological profiles as well as contradictions with Greenland ice core chronology expressed with accuracy up to =/-200 years, and observed decrease in Delta14C of Late Glacial make it difficult to reconstruct in detail temporal determination of environmental and cultural changes. The most possible Hamburgian culture existed during the Bolling interstadial (about 12-13 Kyr BP according to conventional 14C age determination or about 13,5-15 Kyr BP according to calibrated chronology). The Late Glacial context of Northern Europe suggests that the Hamburgian appeared 13.2 Kyr BP and existed up to 11.6 Kyr BP in 14C conventional years. Short existence of the Hamburgian and dispersed 14C datings exclude recently well-established chronology and temporal subdivision. The suggested division of the Hamburgian into "classic" shouldered point group and Havelte tanged point group still needs better evidence.
14
Content available remote Colonisation and resettlement of Europe in the Late Glacial: a view from the western periphery
Barton R. N. E.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
71-86
EN
Recent work on the Lateglacial of north-west Europe has concentrated on the early spread of the Magdalenian following the Last Glacial Maximum at 18,000 BP. Current AMS radiocarbon evidence indicates that this probably occurred around 13,200 BP and was mainly restricted to the loessic plateau lands. In this paper we examine evidence for recolonisation of areas on the edge of the main Magdalenian distribution, in the deglaciated sandier soils of the north European plain. Here, the earliest AMS radiocarbon dates for the Creswellian and Hamburgian suggests that reoccupation was delayed by up to half a millennium. We examine the Magdalenian influences on the Creswellian, and the subsequent development of Final Upper Palaeolithic industries in Britain.
15
Content available remote An overview of the conference
Kobusiewicz M., Kozłowski J. K.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
393-395
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