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National comparison of methods for determination of radon in water

Mazur Jadwiga, Kozak Krzysztof, Grządziel Dominik, Guguła Szymon, Mroczek Mariusz, Kozłowska Beata, Walencik-Łata Agata, Podgórska Zuzanna, Wołoszczuk Katarzyna, Przylibski Tadeusz A., Kowalska Agata, Domin Elżbieta, Wysocka Małgorzata, Chałupnik Stanisław, Chmielewska Izabela, Długosz-Lisiecka Magdalena, Szajerski Piotr, Chau Nguyen Dinh, Krakowska Paulina, Pliszczyński Tomasz, Ośko Jakub, Dymecka Małgorzata, Mazurek Daria

Nukleonika

2020

Vol. 65, No. 2

77--81

The article describes three interlaboratory experiments concerning 222Rn determination in water samples. The first two experiments were carried out with the use of artificial radon waters prepared by the Laboratory of Radiometric Expertise (LER), Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków in 2014 and 2018. The third experiment was performed using natural environment waters collected in the vicinity of the former uranium mine in Kowary in 2016. Most of the institutions performing radon in water measurements in Poland were gathered in the Polish Radon Centre Network, and they participated in the experiments. The goal of these exercises was to evaluate different measurement techniques used routinely in Polish laboratories and the laboratories’ proficiency of radon in water measurements. In the experiment performed in 2018, the reference values of 222Rn concentration in water were calculated based on the method developed at LER. The participants’ results appeared to be worse for low radon concentration than for high radon concentrations. The conclusions drawn on that base indicated the weaknesses of the used methods and probably the sampling. The interlaboratory experiments, in term, can help to improve the participants’ skills and reliability of their results.

Radon in drinking water in the Białystok region of Poland

Karpińska M., Kapała J., Mnich Z., Szpak A.

Nukleonika

2010

Vol. 55, No. 2

177-180

Water is one of the indoor sources of 222Rn. As radon is soluble in water, it is carried indoor by water supply and there it is released. The presence of radon in groundwaters is caused by direct migration of 222Rn from rocks and soil to waters as well as by radium content in water. Radon inflow indoor is possible in the areas where drinking water shows high radon concentration. Radon concentration changes significantly from low in natural surface water to relatively high from water in drilled wells. It is estimated that out of 10,000 Bq·m–3 of radon contained in water supply we can obtain radon concentration increase by 1 Bq·m–3 indoor. The aim of the study was to measure radon in water supply in the Białystok region and also estimation of doses and investigation how the treatment influenced radon concentration in water. Water was collected from rural and municipal waterworks as well as from home wells. Measurements of radon concentration in particular stages of drawing and treatment of water in Białystok waterworks were also conducted. A liquid scintillation method was used in the study. The arithmetic mean of radon concentrations in the samples was equal to 5800 Bq·m–3, median – 4800 Bq·m–3, and geometric mean – 4600 Bq·m–3. The lowest values of radon concentration were observed in surface waters (from surface intake). Radon concentrations in waters from drilled wells, shallow home wells and surface intake were compared and statistically significant differences were obtained at p < 0.05. The results of radon concentrations in drinking water in the Białystok area revealed radon-poor waters (88%) and low-radon waters (12%).

Fast measurement of radon concentration in water with Lucas cell

Machaj B., Bartak J.

Nukleonika

2004

Vol. 49, nr 1

29-31

Abstract Fast method of measurement of radon concentration in water based on flushing (bubbling) water sample with air in closed loop with Lucas cell is presented. The main feature of the method is washing radon from large sample of water to small volume of air including the volume of Lucas cell, thanks to which high radon concentration in the air and considerable sensitivity of measurement is achieved. Estimated measuring sensitivity is S = 8.5 cpm/(Bq/dm3). Random error due to statistical fluctuations of count rate at radon concentration 1, 100, 10 000 Bq/dm3 is: 11, 1.1, 0.1% correspondingly at counting (measuring) time 10 min. Minimum detectable radon concentration in water for such counting time is 0.11 Bq/dm3.