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1 2024

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Zastosowanie wybranych metod geofizycznych do inwentaryzacji infrastruktury podziemnej

Rajchel Bernadeta, Faber Szymon

Przegląd Geologiczny

2024

Vol. 72, nr 12-2

832--837

Taking into consideration the increasing need for sanitary, teletechnical, gas and other installation projects in heavily urbanised areas, it becomes apparent that ground utilities need to be verified. Considering uninventoried network elements, depth difference and offsets relative to maps, obstacles can often be encountered that can significantly alter the cost estimate and work schedule. It is also important to verify the groundwater table at the site of the planned works to avoid contamination of ground waters. A good solution for this type of engineering issues is the use of non-invasive geophysical methods, which allow preliminary site investi¬gation by interpreting survey results and recording underground utilities, prior to the start of design work or, in the case of an entrusted project, prior to earthworks. In the present study, the ground was measured and analysed using geophysical methods. The focus was on two types of methods: the GPR and the GCM. Geophysical surveys were carried out on the premises of the State University of Applied Sciences in Krosno. The main objective of the study was to assess the suitability of selected geophysical methods, in engineering terms, and more specifically in determining the location in the subsoil of underground utility elements in the area of the former sports field. A construction project is planned on the site in question, so it was subjected to a detailed investigation. The GPR and GCM survey works carried out have provided material to expand the knowledge of the area under verification regarding the identification of a given object in the field, along with underground infrastructure elements: sewers, water mains or power cables. The utilities map shows an object-perhaps a well - to which the water supply and power mains are connected. This object is invisible, covered by a layer of soil. However, in reality, these networks have not been found. The measurements presented demonstrate that the geophysical methods used are very successful in determining the location of the routing of underground objects. It should be stated that confirmation of the presence or absence of a correspondence between the utility map and the geophysical surveys carried out is proof of the validity of the use of the GPR method. Cooperation between geologists and geophysicists leads to obtaining optimal information about the ground when identifying underground engineering infrastructure or other objects. However, unfortunately, it seems that in Poland the use of geophysical methods for ground investigations, including environmental ones, is relatively small compared to Western European countries and the USA. In summary, the possibilities and accuracies of practical use of the geophysical methods used, as determined by the measurements, indicate their usefulness in engineering applications. Furthermore, the use of not one, but two methods is more valuable, as it provides the possibility of confirming the results obtained. These methods are recommended as methods for preliminary site recognition prior to proper investigations, such as geotechnical investigations. This procedure will reduce the number of geotechnical sounding points.