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Reaction Kinetics and Morphological Study of TiNb2O7 Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction

Choi S. H., Ali B., Choi K. S., Hyun S. K., Sim J. J., Choi W. J., Joo W., Lim J. H., Lee T. H., Kim T. S., Park K. T.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2017

Vol. 62, iss. 2B

1051--1056

Although TiNb2O7 is regarded as a material with high application potential in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), it has been difficult to find suitable cost-effective conditions for synthesizing it on a commercial scale. In this study, TiNb2O7 compounds were synthesized by a solid state synthesis process. For stoichiometrically precise synthesis of the TiNb2O7 phase, the starting materials, TiO2 and Nb2O5 were taken in a 1:1 molar ratio. Activation energy and reaction kinetics of the system were investigated at various synthesis temperatures (800,1000,1200, and 1400°C) and for various holding durations (1,5,10, and 20 h). Furthermore, change in the product morphology and particle size distribution were also evaluated as a function of synthesis temperature and duration. Additionally, quantitative phase analysis was conducted using the Rietveld refinement method. It was found that increases in the synthesis temperature and holding time lead to increase in the mean particle size from 1 to 4.5 μm. The reaction rate constant for the synthesis reaction was also calculated.

Nowe możliwości w rentgenowskiej ilościowej analizie fazowej : metoda Rietvelda w zastosowaniu do analizy antracytów

Krztoń H.

Karbo

2004

Nr 4

200-205

Zastosowano metodę. Rietvelda do modelowania lokalnego uporządkowania w części organicznej antracytu moszczenickicgo. Zastosowano rnodel grafitu 2H, grafitu3R oraz model „mieszany" grafitu 2H i grafitu 3R. Najlepsze dopasowanie otrzymano dla modelu „trójskładnikowego" tzn. zakładającego obecność trzech rodzajów uporządkowań lokalnych typu grafitowego. Pełny model, uwzględniający część organiczną i mineralną (nieorganiczną), został zastosowany do wykonania ilościowej analizy fazowej metodą Rietvelda.

Paper presents current situation of natural gas and coal as the main fuels for power plants in Europe and the USA. It characterises factors exerting an impact upon competitiveness of coal as against natural gas. It provides conditions connected with regaining if a leading position by coal in development of European and American energy generation sectors. It characterises alternatives trends if coal power plants, applying various technologies.

Quantitative phase analysis during cooling-kinetic approach.

Wierszyłłowski I.A.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

2001

R. XXII, nr 5

946-949

The method of quantitative phase analysis during cooling, with use of transformation kinetics equations is presented. Values of activation energy Q, time exponent n, rate constant k(T) and driving force exponent m, evaluated for true isothermal transformation (TIT) were used for simulation of quantitative phase analysis of 510 Euronorm steel while cooling. The results of simulation were verified by dilatometric experiment. The results of experiment supported the results of simulation. Presented method can be applied for simulation of quantitative phase analysis while cooling.