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Właściwości sorpcyjne karbonizatów z pozostałości węglowej z pirolizy opon

Dębek Cezary, Walendziewski Jerzy

Elastomery

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2020

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T. 24, nr 2

63--77

PL

Scharakteryzowano właściwości strukturalne dwóch prób węgla popirolitycznego otrzymanego w wyniku niskotemperaturowej pirolizy opon samochodowych. Próby węgli popirolitycznych różniły się warunkami prowadzenia procesu pirolizy. Materiał węglowy z pirolizy opon poddano karbonizacji i zbadano zmiany strukturalne oraz oceniono ich zdolności sorpcyjne w stosunku do związków modelowych: benzenu, p‑chlorofenolu, błękitu metylenowego oraz czerwieni Kongo. Otrzymane karbonizaty wykazały dużą zdolność sorpcyjną benzenu z roztworu wodnego sięgającą 98%.

EN

Structural properties of two samples of pyrolytic carbon obtained as a result of low‑temperature pyrolysis of car tires were characterized. The tests of pyrolytic carbon differed in conditions of pyrolysis process. Carbon material from the pyrolysis of tires was carbonized and structural changes were examined and their sorption properties were assessed in relation to model compounds: benzene, p‑chlorophenol, methylene blue and Congo red.The obtained carbonizates showed high sorption capacity of benzene from aqueous solution reaching 98%.

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2D-Raman correlation spectroscopy as a method to recognize of the interaction at the interface of carbon layer and albumin

Kołodziej A., Wesełucha-Birczyńska Aleksandra, Moskal Paulina, Stodolak-Zych Ewa, Dużyja Maria, Długoń Elżbieta, Sacharz Julia, Błażewicz Marta

Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems

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2019

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Vol. 13, No. 3

74--83

EN

In modern nanomaterial production, including those for medical purposes, carbon based materials are important, due to their inert nature and interesting properties. The essential attribute for biomaterials is their biocompatibility, which indicates way of interactions with host cells and body fluids. The aim of our work was to analyze two types of model carbon layers differing primarily in topography, and developing their interactions with blood plasma proteins. The first layer was formed of pyrolytic carbon C (CVD) and the second was constructed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes obtained by electrophoretic deposition (EPD), both set on a Ti support. The performed complex studies of carbon layers demonstrate significant dissimilarities regarding their interaction with chosen blood proteins, and points to the differences related to the origin of a protein: whether it is animal or human. However the basic examinations, such as: wettability test and nano sctatch tests were not sufficient to explain the material properties. In contrast, Raman microspectroscopy thoroughly decodes the phenomena occurring at the carbon structures in contact with the selected blood proteins. The 2D correlation method selects the most intense interaction and points out the different mechanism of interactions of proteins with the nanocarbon surfaces and differentiation due to the nature of the protein and its source: animal or human. The 2D correlation of the Raman spectra of the MWCNT layer+HSA interphase proves an increase in albumin β-conformation. The presented results explain the unique properties of the Clayers (CVD) in contact with human albumin.

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Ecotoxicity of Pyrolytic Carbon Produced by Pyrolysis of Municipal and Industrial Waste

Cernecka J., Skrobankova H., Raclavska H., Heliova K., Bendova M.

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2017

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R. 18, nr 1

119--124

EN

The samples of pyrolytic carbon from Burgau Waste Pyrolysis Plant (Germany) produced by pyrolysis of municipal, industrial and special waste were monitored in terms of ecotoxicity. Collembola (springtails) were selected for reproductive bioassay. After 28 days’ incubation of juveniles, the value of EC50 was determined for selected metals. The study indicates the lowest sensitivity of Folsomia candida to iron (1.689 mg/kg dry matter correspond to EC50). The relative sensitivity for other metals can be expressed in form of a series: Fe < Zn = Cu < Pb < Mn < Ni = Cd. The highest sensitivity was found for cadmium (1.2 mg/kg dry matter). Pyrolytic carbon from MPA Burgau contains high concentrations of chlorides, which cause inhibition of reproduction of Folsomia candida and therefore represent a limiting factor for determination of ecotoxicity of heavy metals in Folsomia candida. The index of acute toxicity EC50 was obtained for concentration of 500 mg/kg chlorides in dry matter.

PL

Próbki karbonizatu z Burgau Waste Pyrolysis Plant (Niemcy) wytwarzanego podczas pirolizy odpadów komunalnych, przemysłowych i specjalnych były badane pod kątem ekotoksyczności. Do badań biologicznych rozmnażania wybrano Collembola (skoczogonki). Po 28 dniach inkubacji młodych, ustalono wartość EC50 dla wybranych metali. Badanie wykazało najniższą wrażliwość Folsomia candida na żelazo (1,689 mg/kg suchej masy w stosunku do EC50). Relatywna wrażliwość na inne metale może zostać zaprezentowana jako Fe < Zn = Cu < Pb < Mn < Ni = Cd. Najwyższą wrażliwość stwierdzono dla kadmu (1,2 mg/kg suchej masy). Karbonizat z MPA Burgau zawiera wysokie stężenia chlorków, które powodują zahamowanie reprodukcji Folsomia candida a zatem jest ograniczonym wskaźnikiem ekotoksyczności metali ciężkich. Wskaźnik toksyczności ostrej EC50 otrzymano dla stężenia 500 mg/kg chlorków w suchej masie.

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Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes and curved lamellas produced via pyrolysis of melamine by direct current arc discharge

Zhao R. I., Ma Y., Zhang J., Li F., Liu W., Cui Q.

Materials Science Poland

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2010

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Vol. 28, No. 1

189--198

EN

Nitrogen doped carbon nanostructures, including nanotubes and barrel like curved lamellas, were fabricated via the pyrolysis of a solo precursor, melamine, in a direct current arc discharge. The samples were characterized by elemental analysis, using XRD, XPS, TEM and SEM in parallel. The nitrogen concentration, determined from the elemental analysis, was shown to be lower than 5%. Nitrogen-based functional groups such as pyridine like structures, the pyrrolic or pyridonic structures, N-amine like structures and substitutional nitrogen within the graphene layers, were observed to coexist in the turbostratic carbon matrix. XRD patterns showed characteristic features of turbostratic carbons. TEM analysis of morphologies showed that nanostructures such as tubes and conglomerations of barrel like curved lamellas were present. The formation of bundles of nanotubes was further confirmed by SEM studies. The inhomogeneity in the morphologies of the nanostructures was attributed to the differences in their growth mechanisms.

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Wpływ węgla pirolitycznego na parametry morfologiczne krwi

Szymonowicz M., Janus A., Pielka S., Obłąkowska D., Błażewicz S.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2010

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Vol. 13, no. 96-98

83--87

PL

W pracy przedstawiono analizę ilościową wybranych parametrów morfologicznych krwi po jej czasowym kontakcie z materiałem węglowym LTI. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników nie stwierdzono zmian w wartościach parametrów układu czerwonokrwinkowego, natomiast zaobserwowano zmiany w wartościach parametrów układu białokrwinkowego i płytkowego. Zaobserwowane zmiany w wartościach parametrów morfologicznych nie przekraczają zakresu wartości referencyjnych dla tych wskaźników.

EN

A quantitative analysis of selected morphological parameters of blood after its temporal contact with LTI carbon material was presented in the study. The obtained results indicate that the values of parameters of erythrocyte system did not change, while the values of parameters of leukocyte and platelet systems were altered. The changes in the values of parameters did not exceed the range of referential values for these indexes.

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Equipment for lustrous carbon determination

Witkowski A., Jelinek P., Czerwinski M.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2008

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Vol. 8, iss. 2

145-148

EN

In this paper methods of determination of total pyrolytic carbon and its fraction: lustrous and amorphous carbon was shown. They are used in foundry industry as carbonaceous materials, i.e. in coal dust replacements and moulding sands. The principle of model analyser working, which uses NDIR module detection, and example results of such analysis were also presented.

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Pomiar zawartości węgla błyszczącego w materiałach stosowanych jako zamienniki pyłu węglowego w masach formierskich

Witowski A.

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2006

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Vol. 47, nr 7

66-68

PL

Omówiono wpływ węgla błyszczącego na jakość odlewów, metody jego oznaczania, w tym opracowany w PIE model analizatora do oznaczania węgla błyszczącego w zamiennikach pyłu węglowego oraz w masach formierskich.

EN

In this paper, the importance of the pyrolytical carbon in the foundry process as well as the review of the analitycal methods for determination of the lustrous carbon are presented. The new methodology as well as equipment enables the direct determination of lustrous carbon in coal carriers is also presented.The analyzer is suitable for controlling the quality of carriers of lustrous carbon.