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Advancing Auscultation Education: Signals Visualization as a Novel Tool for Enhancing Pathological Respiratory Sounds Detection

Pastusiak Anna Katarzyna, Hafke-Dys Honorata, Kociński Jędrzej, Szarzyński Krzysztof, Janeczek Kamil

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

2024

Vol. 30, Iss.1

1--10

Introduction: Auscultation remains a pivotal diagnostic modality for various respiratory pathologies. To augment its clinical relevance, the continuous expansion of our understanding of pulmonary acoustics, coupled with the advancement of auscultation recording and analysis methodologies, is imperative. Material and methods: We investigated how the bimodal presentation of auscultatory signals (sound and visual cue perception) influences the subjective efficacy of pathological respiratory sound detection, which is a critical step in the development of a new auscultation tool. Recordings of pediatric breath sounds were presented in three different forms - audio only, visual representation only (spectrogram) or audiovisual (both together). The F1-score, sensitivity and specificity parameters were calculated and compared to the gold standard (GS). Subsequent to the detection experiment, participants completed a survey to subjectively assess the usability of spectrograms in the procedure. Results: Over 60% of all responders ranked the spectrogram as important (40.8%) or very important (21.1%). Moreover, 11.3% of all participants found this new form of presentation of auscultation results to be more useful than the evaluation of sound only. The addition of visual information did not statistically significantly change the evaluation of the sounds themselves, an observable trend implies that enhancing audio recordings with visualizations can enhance detection performance. This is evident in the 4 p.p. and 2 p.p. sensitivity increments for physicians and students, respectively, even without specialized visual training. Conclusions: Our research findings indicate that the integration of spectrograms with conventional auditory assessment, albeit based on observed trends and survey responses, presents a promising avenue for improving the precision and quality of medical education, as well as enhancing diagnosis and monitoring processes.

Spray drying as a method of producing silk sericin powders

Genç G., Narin G., Bayraktar E.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2009

Vol. 37, nr 1

78-86

Purpose: The purpose of paper is to analyse Spray drying as a method of producing silk sericin powders. Design/methodology/approach: Aqueous sericin solutions were used as raw material for the production of dry powders using a lab-scale spray dryer. A linear regression analysis of agglomeration was employed, in addition to experimental designs at two levels with three factors for the analysis of three responses: moisture content, particle type and agglomeration degree. The process factors were the drying air temperature (120şC and 160şC), the feed rate (1.25 × 10-7 and 2.5 × 10-7 mł/s), and the concentration of sericin solutions of 10% and 30% (w/w) fed to the spray dryer. Findings: The three responses were analyzed statistically to determine the effective parameters and it was concluded that moisture content depended on three factors--drying air temperature being the dominant parameter. Particle size and shape depended mainly on feed rate and agglomeration depended on the moisture content of the product. Practical implications: As a result of the growing interest in drug delivery through a pulmonary route for local and systemic effects, the crucial physical characteristics of the spray-dried sericin influencing the dispersion and deposition behaviour including particle size, morphology, moisture content and agglomeration degree were examined for formulation and spray drying variables. Originality/value: The most effective parameters on particle size and morphology were found to be the feed solution concentration and feed rate, while the temperature was an insignificant variable.