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Rozpoznanie wojsk przeciwnika na potrzeby działań psychologicznych

Podkowski A.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2000

nr 3(40)

82-92

Psychological actions directed against troops and population during a military conflict are very important for the process of combat preparing and conducting. Psychological state of people participating in combat and those who are in a close or distant area of operation depends on many factors of both subjective character and non-man depending. Also the efficiency and effectiveness of psychological actions depend on various factors, the main tasks include recognising the enemy, gaining and collecting current and true information on the potential enemy’s soldiers and population concerning social, demographic and cultural aspects. The author proves that these statements are true by, on the one hand, presenting modern American opinions on the role of reconnaissance in psychological operations, on the other hand, by a certain historical reflection on the Russian Army experiences in this area during the Second World War. The main body of the article presents the concept of social-demographic and cultural reconnaissance for the Polish Armed Forces psychological operations needs.

Działania propagandowe i psychologiczne w armii niemieckiej : historia i teraźniejszość

Podkowski A.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2000

nr 2(39)

199-214

Society’s military preparation to war and getting civilian population’s acceptance, army in particular, to pursue politics was one of the main tasks that Hitler undertook after taking over in Germany. The Reich’s propaganda system played an exceptional role in that time. The analysis of Hitler’s Germany propaganda psychological endeavours directed to its own nation and enemy’s population and soldiers during the Second World War are the contents of this article. In Fascist period in Germany one party ideology was apparent in its military doctrine and society’s indocrination system. After establishing the Federal Republic of Germany and German armed forces, however, the leadership of the state did everything so that no decisions, either in the society or in the Bundeswehre, were connected with one party ideology and manipulation. The unknown character of future battlefield and connected with it complicated information situation determined setting up companies and battalions in the army to conduct propaganda and psychological actions. The structures, equipment and evolution of war and psychological defence subunits and operational information were presented in the second part of the article.