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Out-of-round tram wheels – current state and measurements

Staśkiewicz T., Firlik B.

Archives of Transport

2018

Vol. 45, iss. 1

93--103

Railway or tram wheel is never perfectly round and its surface is not ideally smooth, even at the very moment after manufacturing. This induces dynamic interaction between wheel and rail while rolling, which may result in accelerated wear, fatigue cracking, corrugation formation (both on wheels and rails) and intensified vibroacoustic emission. This paper is an attempt of summarising the current scientific achievements concerning out-of-round (OOR) tram wheels. The gathered research may provide an introduction to the broader analysis of this issue in tram technology. However there is still very little scientific works dedicated directly to light rail vehicles such as trams. The measuring methodology of out-of-round tram wheels is also described in this article. Appropriate measurements were made on the wheels of selected vehicles operated by municipal tram company in Poznań. The obtained results allowed to learn the characteristic forms of out-of-round tram wheels, among which, several forms of polygonization (ovalization, triangularization, etc.) were observed. Therefore we confirmed the thesis, that the method of fixing tram wheel rims in the lathe has a significant effect on formation of the unevenness of its rolling surface, both when new (just after turning) and, after some mileage of use, when even small irregularities become amplified. We observed also that the amplitude values from 5th up to 10th harmonic orders were increased during the operation. The initial out-of-round shape of the wheel should be likely present on the worn wheel, but with increased amplitudes of irregularities. Wheel out-of-roundness should be identified and removed at the soonest possible state to prevent its development and generating issues in the future operation, that are for example: rolling stock and infrastructure damage, impaired comfort of passengers and city inhabitants. It makes out-of-round wheels a serious problem to cope with for the vehicle operators, which can lead even to a catastrophe.

Analiza przyczyn przyspieszonego zużycia powierzchni tocznych kół autobusu szynowego SA 108 ( 215M)

Kwaśnikowski J., Maldziński L., Borowski J., Firlik B., Gramza G.

Pojazdy Szynowe

2007

Nr 2

1-13

Wstępna analiza przyczyn niepokojąco szybkiego zużycia (z wyłuszczeniami) powierzchni tocznych kół monoblokowych zestawów kołowych lekkiego pojazdu szynowego serii SA 108 z hamulcami tarczowymi. Wykonano badania metalograficzne i wytrzymałościowe najbardziej zużytego wieńca, oraz dokonano analizy sposobu eksploatacji pojazdu. Przypuszczalnymi przyczynami byty: za mała zawartość węgla w stali, brak ulepszenia cieplnego wieńców kół oraz zbyt intensywne hamowania eksploatacyjne.

The preliminary analysis of the causes of alarmingly quickly wear (with shells) of the wheel treads of the monoblock wheelsets of the light rail vehicle of SA 108 series with the disk brakes. The metallographic and strength tests of the most worn rim were made, and the analysis of the way of the vehicle operating was performed. The presumable causes were: the smali carbon content in the steel, lack of the thermal improvement of the wheel rims and too intensive operation braking.