This document compares two measurement methods for the determination of extended turbine maps. One method is to minimize heat flows and thus to maintain the assumption of adiabatic processes even in low speed ranges of turbines. The results obtained were compared with those of the Ostfalia eATL method. Here, is slowed down electrically by an electric motor. The direct comparison of the measurement results shows considerable differences in the turbine efficiency. Furthermore, the graphical comparison illustrates clear advantages of the eATL concept for the evaluation, which result from the width and the position of the generated measurement points.
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The purpose of this paper is to overview selected physical phenomena governing two- and multiphase flows and heat transfer, including scale-dependent modelling issues, gas/liquid and gas/liquid/solid interfacial interactions, and theoretical and computational modelling concepts. The main emphasis is given to the assessment of the current status against ultimate expectations on the one hand, and practical needs on the other hand. Several examples are used to illustrate the state-of-the-art theoretical and numerical predictions of two-phase flow at different scale levels, geometries and conditions.
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