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EN
An unsteady flow and melting heat transfer of a nanofluid over a stretching sheet was numerically studied by considering the effect of chemical reaction and thermal radiation. The governing non-linear partial differential equations describing the flow problem are reduced to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations using the similarity transformations and solved numerically using the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth–fifth order method. Numerical results for concentration, temperature and velocity profiles are shown graphically and discussed for different physical parameters. Effect of pertinent parameters on momentum, temperature and concentration profiles along with local Sherwood number, local skin-friction coefficient and local Nusselt number are well tabulated and discussed.
2
Content available remote Time-frequency analysis of the surge onset in the centrifugal blower
EN
Time frequency analysis of the surge onset was performed in centrifugal blower. Pressure signal was registered at the blower inlet, blower outlet and three locations at the impeller shroud. The time-frequency scalograms were obtained by means of the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). The blower was found to successively operate in four different conditions: stable working conditions, inlet recirculation, transient phase and the deep surge. Scalograms revealed different spectral structure of aforementioned phases and suggest possible ways of detecting the surge predecessors.
3
Content available remote Impact of the Volute Basic Circle Diameter of Sewage Pump on Pressure Pulsation
EN
The unsteady flow field in the channel sewage pump with three different basic circle diameters of volutes were numerically simulated based on the Fluent commercial software, using the standard k-ε turbulence model, the SIMPLE algorithm, and the sliding mesh technique. By setting pressure measurement points, the pressure pulsation in different positions can be obtained. The impact of the basic circle diameter of volute on the internal pressure pulsation characteristics of a sewage pump was analyzed based on frequency domain and time domain graphs. The results show that the smaller the basic circle diameter of volute is, the more turbulent the pressure pulsation is. The Coefficient of pressure pulsation amplitude reaches the maximum value with small gaps in the volute and impeller clearance. The closer the monitoring point to the cutwater, the greater the amplitude of pressure pulsation. In a flow channel of volute, the pressure fluctuation presents cyclical changes, and a small gap flow reaches the strongest unsteady characteristics. Pressure pulsation cycle is associated with the number of impeller blades and a period of three peaks is the blade passing frequency. The dominant frequency of pressure pulsation is 73.5Hz, which is the threefold frequency of rotation frequency.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki i opis symulacji przepływu w pompie kanalizacyjnej z trzema różnymi średnicami sprężyn napędowych. W badaniach wykorzystano oprogramowanie Fluent, jeden ze standardowych modeli turbulencji (k-epsilon), algorytm SIMPLE oraz technikę siatki przesuwnej. W analizie skupiono się na przypadku wystąpienia zakłóceń przepływu w kanale. Dokonano analizy wyników i przedstawiono wnioski.
EN
The paper describes the experimental and numerical investigations of stator clocking effects on performance of a two-stage impulse turbine with low-aspect ratio airfoils. The data present the clocking effect that can be observed both for local flow patterns and external characteristics for the entire turbine in terms of efficiency. Finding an optimal relative circumferential position of stators in a multistage axial turbine has been the subject of extensive investigations in the last decade.
5
Content available remote Hydromagnetic flow due to ramped motion of the boundary
EN
The unsteady flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid subject to a uniform transverse magnetic field near a horizontal plate having ramped motion is considered. A unified closed form analytical solutions have been obtained for the velocity field and the skin-friction corresponding to the cases of a magnetic field fixed relative to the fluid or the moving boundary. Under the assumption of a negligible induced magnetic field, the governing momentum equation has been solved exactly by using the Laplace-transform technique. The flow formation near ramped motion of the plate has also been compared with the flow formation near a plate having constant motion (impulsive motion). It is observed that velocity of the fluid in the case of ramped motion of the plate is always less than that of the flow induced by impulsive motion of the plate.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań reologicznych dla mieszaniny chlorku heksadecylotrimetyloamoniowego (HTAC) z dodatkiem salicylanu sodu (NaSal). Z analizy danych wynika, że kształt krzywych płynięcia zależy przede wszystkim od stosunku molowego Na-Sal/HTAC. Stężenie układu NaSal/HTAC, przy zachowanym stosunku molowym obu składników, wpływa głównie na zmiany ilościowe w przebiegu krzywych płynięcia.
EN
Rheological investigation results dealing with mixtures of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (HTAC) and sodium salicylate (NaSal) in shear flow are presented in the paper. It was shown that a shape of flow curves depended mainly on the NaSal/HTAC molar ratio. The concentration of NaSal/HTAC system has a quantitative effect on the course of flow curves at the same molar ratio of both components used.
7
Content available remote Prediction of unsteady VAWT aerodynamics by lifting line theory
EN
Based on the lifting line theory and a free vortex wake model, a method including dynamic stall effects is presented for predicting the performance of a three-dimensional vertical-axis wind turbine. A vortex model is used in which the wake is composed of trailing streamwise and shedding spanwise vortices, whose strengths are equal to the change in the bound vortex strength as dictated by Helmholtz and Kelvin's theorems. Performance parameters are calculated by applying the Biot-Savart law along with the Kutta-Joukowski theorem and a semi-empirical dynamic stall model. Predictions are shown to compare favorably with the existing experimental data. The method can predict local and global performances more accurately than the previous momentum models.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów anemometrycznych prędkości cieczy w szerokim zakresie przepływu - od laminarnego do burzliwego. Zostały one opracowane przy zastosowaniu szybkiej transformaty Fouriera w formie spektrów energetycznych w celu wykrycia systematycznych niestabilności w badanych przepływach.
EN
Anemometry measurements of liquid velocity were presented in the paper for a wide flow range — from the laminar to the turbulent. The measurement data were processed by means of the Fast Fourier Transform to deliver the energy spectrum in order to detect systematic instabilities in the investigated flows.
PL
Przy obliczeniach przebiegów nieustalonych podczas turbulentnego przepływu cieczy w przewodach ciśnieniowych, powszechnie przyjmuje się quasi-ustalony opór hydrauliczny. W niniejszej pracy proponuje się aplikację wyrażeń określających niestacjonarny opór hydrauliczny do powszechnie stosowanych metod obliczeń przebiegów dynamicznych w układach hydraulicznych. W oparciu o funkcję przejścia pomiędzy naprężeniem stycznym na ściance przewodu a prędkością średnią, wyznaczono funkcję wagi dla naprężenia stycznego. Wielkość ta uwzględnia zmienny opór hydrauliczny przy obliczeniach przebiegów dynamicznych.
EN
In calculations of transient turbulent pipe flows, the quasi-steady hydraulic resistance is generally used. This paper presents the applications of unsteady hydraulic resistance to applied methods of calculations transients flows in hydraulic systems. Basing on the transfer functions, which relates the pipe wall shear stress with mean velocity, the weighting function model of friction has been calculated. This function takes into consideration the instantaneous hydraulic resistance in transients flows.
10
Content available remote Analiza wpływu zaburzeń okresowych na sprawność modelu stopnia turbinowego
PL
Praca dotyczy eksperymentalnej analizy oddziaływania niestacjonarnego pola prędkości generowanego przez wirujące koło prętów cylindrycznych na przepływ w liniowej palisadzie profili łopatkowych. Zasadniczym celem badań było określenie wpływu częstotliwości zaburzeń na straty przepływu przez model stopnia turbinowego. Szczegółowe pomiary pozwoliły wyznaczyć udział strat generowanych przez wirnik oraz przez palisadę.
EN
The paper presents an experimental analysis of the unsteady flow field generated by the rotating wheel of cylindrical rods, which was followed by a linear cascade of blade profiles. The main aim of the research was to determine the influence of the rotating frequency of the wheel on the efficiency of the whole model of the turbine stage. The detailed measurements allowed to find out the shares of losses occurring on the rotor as well as on the cascade.
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