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1 2008

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Pruski (niemiecki) i francuski system sztabowy a rozwiązania polskie na przykładzie Sztabu Głównego Wojska Polskiego : 1928-1939

Ślipiec J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2008

nr 4(73)

214-241

The author analyses main European staff systems including the Prussian and German ones. The analysis is conducted in order to find answers to the following research problems: how much modern the systemic solutions adopted in the Polish General Staff were in Europe and what their relation was to the mentioned above staff systems. Looking for the answers to these questions the author shows the genesis and main stages of Prussian (German) and French staff systems. Then he outlines the process of the General Staff forming and analyses its structural, competence and task solutions. After comparing the Western European solutions with the Polish system of the General Staff functioning in 1928-1939, he concludes that due to the General Staff’s new place of subordination and functioning, a structure of armed forces command was created in Poland which was not seen in other European countries. The characteristic feature of this system was the competence placement of the Chief of Staff. He was neither a co-commander (the Prussian system) nor the supreme commander (like in the French system) but he only helped the main supreme commander. The implementation of that system resulted mainly from Poland's experiences of fighting for its borders in 1918 - 7920. Those experiences based on assigning the staff of the supreme commander for particular operations, often used by Marshall J. Piłsudski, the main reformer of the Polish staff system. Moreover, the author concludes that in the case of the Polish staff system we deal with different place of the staff sectors. That changed the character of work of the Staff into typically theoretical which limited the possibility of practical verification of solutions introduced by the Staff.