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The influence of proper vine pruning techniques on crop formation and quality of the grapes

Liashenko S., Kalinichenko A.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

2018

nr IV/1

923--938

We have established the importance of proper vine pruning techniques depending on individual grape variety characteristics and its influence on crop formation and quality of the grapes. The technique of studying the influence of the length of the vine pruning on the qualitative indices of the fruit of the grapes has been proposed. Field research was carried out in 2014-2016. Agricultural technology in the experiment is commonly used for forest-steppe. The vines are planted on the plot without irrigation, the shape of the shrubs is harp multy sleeved with a knot of substitution, sheltered on a vertical trellis of 1.5 m heigh. The methods that can be used to increase the yield of grape varieties in the Poltava region (Ukraine) have been analyzed. It has been established that the coefficient of fructification of apical buds predominantly correlates with the actual yield, which allows to use this link to predict yields by grape varieties. The justification and characterization of the selected methods of vine pruning, which would ensure the obtaining of high sustainable yield and fruit quality, as well as the economic efficiency of growing grapes, have been given.

Problems with deriving the fruit tree pruned biomass for energy use

Romański L., Dyjakon A., Adamczyk F., Frąckowiak P.

Agricultural Engineering

2014

Vol. 18, No. 3

157--167

Biomass, wood in particular, is one of the main renewable energy sources. The authors’ point of interest is the use of the orchard biomass, produced annually as a result of pruning the trees and shrubs, for the heating purposes, as such biomass is used for this purpose only to a little extent both in our country and in Europe. Such biomass, consisting mainly of branches and shoots, is usually shredded and left in the orchard interrows to serve as a natural fertilizer. This paper focuses on the reasons why it should be collected and removed from the orchard. It presents the technologies of pruning and collecting such biomass, and analyses the newest machine constructions that allow for fast collection and compaction of dendromass to the form which facilitates its storage and natural drying.

Jednym z głównych źródeł energii odnawialnej jest biomasa, a szczególnie drewno. W obszarze zainteresowania Autorów jest masa drzewna z upraw sadowniczych, corocznie powstająca w wyniku przycinania drzew i krzewów dla celów grzewczych, gdyż w naszym kraju, ale także w Europie, jest ona wykorzystywana w małym stopniu. Masa ta, głównie w formie gałęzi i pędów jest najczęściej rozdrabniana i pozostawiana w sadach w międzyrzędziach drzew jako naturalny nawóz. W pracy zwrócono uwagę na powody, dla których powinna ona być zbierana i wywożona z sadu. Przedstawiono technologie wycinania i zbioru tej masy oraz omówiono najnowsze konstrukcje maszyn umożliwiające szybki zbiór i zagęszczenie dendromasy do postaci, w której ułatwione będzie jej przechowywanie i naturalne podsuszanie.