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EN
This paper discusses the use of satellite tracking during an environmental disaster at sea, and it assesses the possibility of using remote sensing imagery captured by satellites using multispectral cameras and synthetic-aperture radar (SAR). This study is based on scientific literature and satellite tracking of the X-Press Pearl container ship disaster, which involved the EO-Browser platform. The purpose of this paper is to assess selected remote sensing methods for detecting and tracking marine pollution. The first part of the paper discusses satellite tracking of the X-Press Pearl disaster. The second part focuses on evaluation of the quality of remote sensing imagery from satellites and aircraft, when taking weather conditions into consideration. It should be noted that the research was conducted in real time when the incident occurred. News about the accident was also tracked in real time, allowing for a thorough analysis of the incident and, thus, an assessment of the different sensing systems. Although research on such disasters is crucial for the protection of the marine environment, scientific literature on this topic remains limited. This research area is very important for the protection of the marine environment, in the context of looking for solutions to these issues.
PL
W artykule omówione zostały wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące współczesnych wymiarów bezpieczeństwa w aspekcie zwalczania zagrożeń i zanieczyszczeń w portach morskich. Analizując problematykę współczesnego wymiaru bezpieczeństwa na akwenach morskich, dokonano wyjaśnienia pojęcia bezpieczeństwa morskiego. Potencjalnymi źródłami zagrożeń i zanieczyszczeń wód portowych są wyloty kanalizacyjne odprowadzające ścieki sanitarne, przemysłowe i opadowe, procesy przeładunkowe prowadzone na nabrzeżach, prace budowlane, remontowe lub konserwacyjne, eksploatacja statków, odbiór odpadów ze statków.
EN
The article discusses selected issues regarding contemporary security dimensions in the aspect of combating threats and pollution in seaports. Analyzing the problems of the modern dimension of safety on sea areas, the concept of maritime safety was clarified. Potential sources of hazards and pollution of port waters are sewage outlets discharging sanitary, industrial and rain-water sewage, transhipment processes carried out on quays, construction, renovation or maintenance works, operation of ships, collection of waste from ships.
EN
The paper presents key legal instruments governing the issues of the protection of the marine environment with respect to the management of ship-generated waste and cargo residues in European Union seaports. In view of the observed development of maritime transport, it is particularly important to organise the reception of wastes and cargo residues in seaports, in line with the principle of sustainable development. As a result of the harmonisation of the relevant legal regulations, Member States of the European Union and port and harbour authorities have taken a number of measures over the last few years to arrive at optimum solutions in this respect. The main objective of the paper is to analyse the existing system of environment al fees, the calculation criteria for such fees, and the techniques used in selected European Union seaports to submit ships’ waste notifications. The research is aimed, inter alia, at determining which of the solutions that are now used in Rotterdam, Antwerp and Klaipeda could possibly be optimal for the ports in Szczecin and Świnoujście.
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