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PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę porównawczą przemieszczeń i naprężeń obliczonych przy użyciu programów opartych na metodzie elementów skończonych: ADINA oraz Autodesk ROBOT Structural Analysis. Do obliczeń numerycznych przyjęto jednostronnie utwierdzoną belkę stalową o skrzynkowym przekroju poprzecznym (kształtownik zamknięty prostokątny wg PN-EN 10210-2:2000) z zaokrąglonymi krawędziami zewnętrznymi oraz wewnętrznymi. Obliczenia zostały wykonane w przestrzeni trójwymiarowej (3D), a otrzymane wyniki omówione w podsumowaniu.
EN
This paper through the comparative analysis of displacement and stress results broaches the subject of computer aided design software for building structures. In the analysis there were used commonly used programs like ADINA and Autodesk ROBOT Structural Analysis, which are based on finite element method. In both programs one end of cantilever beam was modeled as a steel box with rounded edges. Dimensions of the beam were 140x80x5 mm. Loads acting on the beam were: dead load, concentrated moment acting in longitudinal cutting plane and concentrated force acting in oblique direction to the cross-section cutting plane. Calculations by above-mentioned programs were done in three-dimensional space (3D). Received results showed differences, which took place by using those two programs and next in this paper causes of those differences were discussed. Selected computation model, which is box profile with rounded external and internal edges, allowed to indicate limitations of the programs. In the essential part of this paper dedicated to computer aided design an example and computation models were shown as figures. Received results were put into tables, which allows to compare differences in obtained values. In sum-up obtained results of stress and displacement were discussed. Moreover, there were discussed limitations in programs encountered at modeling, finite element method nets types and their influence on results using FEM.
PL
Publikacja przybliża zagadnienia wykorzystania technik odchudzonego zarządzania (Lean Management) w odniesieniu do procesów konstrukcyjnych w projektowaniu. W szczególności opisuje metodologię opisu, badania dojrzałości oraz hierarchizacji procesów konstruowania przy wykorzystaniu narzędzi odchudzonego zarządzania (Lean Engineering).
EN
The paper presents the application issues of Lean Management to an aerospace engineering. The paper shows a management methodology process for an aerospace design processes. It focuses on the improvement of engineering processes with the use of Lean Engineering management process technique.
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EN
Purpose: The main aim of research was to analyse the exponents values assigned to operations in relative manufacturing costs estimation method based on the similarity theory. Design/methodology/approach: The manufacturing costs were calculated with similarity theory use. This method uses exponents assigned to operations. This exponents were estimated for such operations like: facing, inner and outer turning: rough, semi finished and finished. The manufacturing process was simulated in CAM module of advanced graphical program Siemens NX. Findings: The manufacturing costs estimation method based on costs similarity uses exponents assigned to operations. The CAM simulation can be applied to calculate the exponents values. This approach improves accuracy of the method results. Research limitations/implications: The estimated exponents values can be applied only to previously analyzed operations. Practical implications: The exponents estimation process was applied to manufacturing process of shaft and sleeve simulated in CAM module. Originality/value: Described analysis presents the estimation process of exponents assigned to operations with CAM simulation use.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono tematykę związaną z zastosowaniem systemu obiektowej informacji o konstrukcji w komputerowym wspomaganiu projektowania CAD. Podano podstawowe informacje na temat idei i możliwości opisywanego systemu, a także przybliżono dostępne na rynku oprogramowanie firmy Autodesk. Opisano funkcje programów ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem możliwości zastosowania systemu obiektowej informacji o konstrukcji w projektowaniu konstrukcji metalowych będących częściami maszyn mechanicznych.
EN
The article presents issues related to the application of the structure object information system to Computer- Aided Design (CAD). The idea and the basic information on the system is briefly characterized, and the available Autodesk software is presented. The basic functions of the software are described, particularly focused on application of the structure object information system to design metal structures being part of the mechanical systems.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia porównanie grubości warstw nawierzchni z katalogów Austrii, Francji, Niemiec i Polski oraz zaprojektowanych według metody brytyjskiej. Porównano nawierzchnie na podbudowach z kruszywa łamanego, całkowicie asfaltowe oraz na podbudowach z materiałów związanych cementem. Przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, że polskie nawierzchnie katalogowe są grubsze od wszystkich pozostałych w takich samych warunkach obciążenia ruchem i nośności podłoża.
EN
The paper presents comparison of thicknesses of pavement layers presented in catalogues of Austria, France, Germany, Poland and derived from the British method. Pavements on crushed stone bases, full depth asphalt pavements and pavements on bases treated with hydraulic binders were compared. The analysis indicated that the Polish catalogue pavements are thicker than all others in the same conditions of traffic loading and bearing capacity of subgrade.
PL
Podjęty problem jest związany z metodycznym uruchamianiem twórczych procesów projektowania architektonicznego i konstrukcyjnego. Współcześnie pomocne w osiąganiu tego celu staje się zastosowanie metod inwentyki jako elementów wiedzy metodologii projektowania. Zaproponowano metodę analizy morfologicznej i strategię idealnego rozwiązania.
EN
We discuss the issues of methodical activation of creative processes in the fields of architecture and construction design. The goal of our analysis is the advancement of these creative processes. A contemporary aid in achieving this goal is becoming the application of inventive heuristic method. The two proposed methods are: morphological analysis and ideal solution strategy. The undertaken task is connected with the methodological knowledge.
PL
Zastosowanie konstrukcji składanych w niektórych przypadkach jest jedyną alternatywą, jeżeli chodzi o zapewnienie przejezdności ważnych dróg transportowych. Przedstawiamy wybrane aspekty projektowania technologiczno - organizacyjnego konstrukcji mostów składanych w budownictwie transportowym oraz przykłady takich rozwiązań.
EN
In the paper were introduced technological, organisational aspects uses of the bridges assembled. Author bases on practical examples of his knowledge and investigations in real scale. Suggests the development of expert system.
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EN
Purpose: The main aim of research was to elaborate models of construction attributes selection process in ordered construction families. Design/methodology/approach: Based on selection models of quantitative construction attributes in reference to unified characteristic attributes it is possible to generate ordered construction families like: series of types, modular systems. Findings: Selection models of quantitative construction attributes were analyzed. Those methods are based on construction congruence. Research limitations/implications: The neural network model limitations come from the neural network structure. The accuracy of neural network work results vary of neural network quality. The constructional similarity model can be applied only to that states which are described by similarity theory. Practical implications: Presented method was applied in grippers series of types generation process. Originality/value: Described models give simple and quick ways to select construction attributes in ordered construction families.
9
Content available remote Project of a trenchless works tunneling machines ordered construction family
EN
Purpose: The water and electricity (etc.) supply is the main problem that big agglomerations meet, therefore the non-excavation works are developed in areas of high buildings density. Design/methodology/approach: There are many construction solutions of erosion machines that has already been verified in real tests, but the current goal is to develop non – excavation robotized machine. Erosion machines with main dimensions of the tunnels which are: 1600, 2000, 2500, 3150 are design with use of the computer aided methods. Findings: The result is a modeled in I-DEAS advanced graphical program series of types of the erosion machines with two main designs. The assembly models were analyzed: by system analyze (work simulation of the assembly), by strength analyze (Finite element method) and saved in 2D drawings. Research limitations/implications: The practical methodology verification of creating the systematic part family was based on the designed erosion machines series of types. There were developed: the algorithmic selection methods of quantitative construction attributes, the construction similarity method of the erosion machines, variant analyzes in the I-DEAS advanced graphical program, program and relational parameterization [3,7,11]. There will be created manufacturing process of the parts, which allows to verify the technology on the CNC machines. Practical implications: The designed models will be modified and the construction will be consulted with manufacturers and erosion machine users like: OHL ZS a.s. from Brna, Tauber Rohrbau GmbH & Co.KG from Minster. The companies’ acceptance will result in practical verification by JUMARPOL company. Originality/value: The main achievement is the design of a robotized erosion machine to non – excavation works. The designing process was supported by computer aided methods invented on Silesian University of Technology in the I-DEAS advanced graphics program.
10
Content available remote Half-shaft undercarriage systems – designing and operating problems
EN
Purpose: The paper discuss designing and operating problems of half-shafts undercarriage systems of open pit machines. Example of failure of such system and investigation of its reasons are presented. Design/methodology/approach: Experimental and numerical methods were used to investigate reasons of dumping conveyor breakdown. In order to perform material evaluation fractographic and microscopic methods as well as chemical analysis, were used. Based on results of numerical simulations analysis and data coming from material evaluations the objectives are achieved. In order to prevent future similar problems, the new design of the the half-shafts steering frame was discussed as well. Findings: It was found that manufacturing and designing of the half shaft system were the main failure reasons. Such open pit machines undercarriages systems are prone to failures. Detailed analyses are required to implement half – shaft systems without risk of break-down. Recommendation is given in the paper for the single shaft system. Research limitations/implications: Friction in the supporting areas limits horizontal forces acting on safetying of the half-shaft. Sliding and static friction coefficients should be investigated in order to estimate optimal designing rules and correct forces. Practical implications: Practical implications into designing of half-shafts undercarriage systems and safetyings are given. Originality/value: The paper provides information backed by test results and evaluation, stating the nexus of causes of the dumping conveyor break-down. The numerical and experimental approaches present relationship between designing and manufacturing. The paper can be helpful for researchers and designers investigating reasons, approach methods or failures preventing methods of similar machines.
PL
Kable mostów podwieszonych modelowane są często w obliczeniach przybliżonych przy użyciu elementów prętowych. Takie przybliżenie, zwłaszcza w przypadku słabego naciągu cięgien, może być błędne. Warto zwrócić uwagę na zwis kabla, który w przypadku wiotkich pomostów prowadzi do wstępnego odkształcenia konstrukcji, co skutkuje rozbieżnością wyników dla modeli z podwieszeniami modelowanymi w MES za pomocą elementów kablowych i prętowych.
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