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EN
The presented paper describes the conceptual design of a worktable intended mainly for use in combination with FFF additive technologies, calibrated using a gyroscope and accelerometer. The proposed system is based on a programmable Arduino platform that operates with three digital servomotors and a mechanical gyroscope. In the introduction, the theoretical assumptions, and definitions of basic concepts such as a gyroscope, electric motor, and RC servomotor are described. Subsequently, the contribution is devoted to the selection of suitable components, the schematic connection, and the design itself in the Autodesk Inventor program. In the conclusion, the anticipated benefits of using the technical solution when applied in FFF additive technologies are described.
EN
The paper is a continuation of the issue of the technical solution of a mast type jib crane for handling sludge pumps. It serves for the use in Building no. 900, Block V2, of the nuclear power plant Jaslovské Bohunice. It is an optimization of the original, in-service damaged handling device with manual control of lift and rotation. The overloading of the device has an insignificant effect on the lifting force on a crank handle. It was found that the lifting force permanently falls within the recommended range of 120 to 160 N for convenient operation by a single worker. Inasmuch as there is a complete absence of bearings in the slewing gear in the original design, it is the solution to this issue that is the subject of the paper. The problem of pulling out the sludge pumps, which was established in the course of using the jib crane, ingeniously provided the opportunities to further design changes on the original design. The solution offered was to scrap the original design of the carrier inserted into the support and replace it with a fixed mast on which the boom would rotate. Accordingly, it would potentially be feasible to increase the load capacity of the jib crane, and thus the issue of the sludge pumps attached to the tank bottom would be solved. Moreover, it is attainable to extend the scope of this crane in this way.
EN
The “Prevention through Design” (PtD) concept considers construction safety during the design process. Several countries are currently practising PtD, including the UK, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, and the USA, which is still not the case in the Philippines. The study presented in this paper aimed to indicate the current level of awareness of the PtD concept among the structural engineers and purposed to generate a basis of initiatives to introduce or improve the understanding and adoption of PtD in the Philippines. A knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire was distributed to survey respondents selected through a snowball sampling method, consisting of structural engineers currently working in the Philippines. Sixty-one (61) structural engineers responded and were analysed in this study. Results indicated that PtD was relatively a new concept for most structural engineers in the Philippines. Similarly, the designers’ knowledge of the concept was still low. However, structural engineers viewed PtD as necessary and its implementation as essential in the construction industry. Despite the known concerns in the PtD implementation, structural engineers favoured the adoption of the concept. The paper also discussed challenges and key drivers for implementing PtD in the Philippines based on the questionnaire results and supporting literature reviews. The findings and methodology presented in this paper could serve as a baseline for a larger sample size covering other design trades, such as architectural, electrical, and mechanical design services leading to the broader adoption of PtD in the Philippines. Furthermore, the framework of this study could also apply to other countries with similar contexts.
EN
This article discussed the determination of a metro vehicle’s door forces acting on its coarse structure. With previous articles addressing this issue, a definition of a specific reference vehicle was provided together with the collection of the normative requirements for metro vehicles. These form a basis for addressing the issue. The main objective hereof was to design a technical solution of a door system for the reference vehicle and create a parametric model of the door's forces acting on the vehicle’s rough structure. This model would serve to approximate and operatively quantify these force effects of the door to the vehicle’s structure by modifying the various input parameters. Therefore, it was necessary to create a mathematical model of the equilibrium conditions of the proposed door system and to quantify them using a developed software. Subsequently, these results served as inputs for the FEM analysis of the load-bearing components between the door and the vehicle’s structure.
PL
W artykule przedstawiona jest współpraca między programami inżynierskimi w kontekście analizy obliczeniowej. Program REVIT służy do opracowania modeli obiektów budowlanych. Do obliczeń za pomocą metody elementów skończonych wybrano trzy pakiety: ROBOT , RFEM i SOFiSTiK. Weryfikacja współpracy jest zaprezentowana na przykładzie budynku usługowo-mieszkalnego. Najpierw skonstruowano trójwymiarowy model i wykonano eksport danych do obliczeń. Następnie, niezależnie od siebie, we wszystkich trzech programach wygenerowano siatkę elementów skończonych i wykonano obliczenia, a na koniec porównano otrzymane wyniki. W artykule omówione są trudności związane z powstawaniem modelu i efekty jego uproszczenia.
EN
The interaction between software packages for engineers in the context of computational analysis is presented in the paper. REVIT program is used to construct models of structures. Three packages using the finite element method for computations are selected: ROBOT , RFEM and SOFiSTiK. The verification of the interaction is shown using the example of a service-residential building. Firstly, three-dimensional model is constructed and the data for computations is exported. Next, finite element meshes are generated in the three programs independently and the models are computed. Finally, the obtained results are compared. Difficulties connected with generation of the model and the effects of its simplification are discussed in the paper.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane zagadnienia związane z projektowaniem ścian osłonowych. Opisano niektóre wymagania stawiane tym ścianom w świetle normy wyrobu PN-EN 13830:2015 (E) i przedstawiono wynikające z niej zasady zbierania obciążeń. Opisano zalecane przez normę obciążenia i ich kombinacje.
EN
In the paper some aspect of designing of curtain walling kit are presented. Product characteristics, actions and assumptions related to loads combinations and some problems related to dimensioning are also presented. Example of loads combinations and fixings also are described. An attempt of collecting designing rules in accordance with Eurocodes is presented.
EN
Modern changes of environment are the result of many factors, of which anthropogenic activities and the development of infrastructure play the leading role in environmental, morphometric changes. The dynamics of expansion of construction lands, which until recently have changed only as a result of natural factors, makes it invariably important to analyse time changes and forecast potential effects of construction projects on the environment. A good source of information about changes, for example the course of rivers, hydrological conditions, diversity of vegetation in the areas of investment, are cartographic sources, in particular GIS techniques, satellite images, and aerial photographs. Proper assessing of the territory using GIS techniques may allow constructing roads not only with less damage to the environment and human health, but also avoiding technical problems, such as low bearing capacity of soils. The main objective of the study is to evaluate multitemporal changes of the environment in the course of the ongoing construction project, which is the construction of the A4 motorway in its Rzeszów Wschód – Jarosław Zachód section, in the area of the Wierzbna junction. The analysis was carried out on the basis of Landsat satellite images recorded in two different investment periods of the tested object: in 2006 – prior to the start of construction works, in 2015 – in the course of the ongoing construction works. In addition, the analysis of the obtained Landsat multitemporal satellite images made it possible to examine the morphology of the substrate conditions of river valleys of the San, Wislok, and Mleczka.
EN
The article discusses about the design of a combined exhaust gas heat exchanger with silencer. The first stage deals with the calculation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger according to the required parameters. The next step addresses the structural design of the exhaust gas heat exchanger according to the parameters of the calculation. Subsequently creation a 3D model, which will be used for the simulation of flow of the working substance in the heat exchanger and heat transfer simulation of the media. The simulations are solved in a 3D simulation program COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0. Further solves the structural design of silencer, which will form a part of the exhaust gas heat exchanger. Subsequently execution of the measurements on the real model of the combined exhaust gas heat exchanger to verify the accuracy of calculations, simulations and structural designs.
PL
W artykule omówiono projekt zintegrowanego wymiennika ciepła spalin wraz z tłumikiem. Pierwszy etap dotyczył obliczania wymiennika ciepła spalin w zależności od wymaganych parametrów. Następnym krokiem było stworzenie projektu 28 konstrukcyjnego wymiennika ciepła spalin według parametrów z obliczeń. Następnie stworzono model 3D, który był wykorzystany do symulacji przepływu substancji roboczej w wymienniku ciepła oraz do symulacji transferu ciepła mediów. Symulacje są wykonywane w programie do symulacji 3D - COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0. Dalej wykonano projekt konstrukcyjny tłumika, tworzący całość z wymiennikiem ciepła spalin. Następnie wykonano pomiarów na rzeczywistym obiekcie zintegrowanego wymiennika ciepła spalin z tłumikiem, w celu sprawdzenia poprawności obliczeń, symulacji i projektu konstrukcyjnego.
EN
The article discusses about the design of a combined exhaust gas heat exchanger with muffler. The first stage deals with the calculation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger according to the required parameters. The next step addresses the structural design of the exhaust gas heat exchanger according to the parameters of the calculation. Subsequently creation a 3D model, which will be used for the simulation of flow of the working substance in the heat exchanger and heat transfer simulation of the media. The simulations are solved in a 3D simulation program COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0. Further solves the structural design of muffler, which will form a part of the exhaust gas heat exchanger. Subsequently execution of the measurements on the real model of the combined exhaust gas heat exchanger to verify the accuracy of calculations, simulations and structural designs.
PL
W artykule omówiono projekt zintegrowanego wymiennika ciepła spalin wraz z tłumikiem. Pierwszy etap dotyczył obliczania wymiennika ciepła spalin w zależności od wymaganych parametrów. Następnym krokiem było stworzenie projektu konstrukcyjnego wymiennika ciepła spalin według parametrów z obliczeń. Następnie stworzono model 3D, który był wykorzystany do symulacji przepływu substancji roboczej w wymienniku ciepła oraz do symulacji transferu ciepła mediów. Symulacje są wykonywane w programie do symulacji 3D - COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0. Dalej wykonano projekt konstrukcyjny tłumika, tworzący całość z wymiennikiem ciepła spalin. Następnie wykonano pomiarów na rzeczywistym obiekcie zintegrowanego wymiennika ciepła spalin z tłumikiem, w celu sprawdzenia poprawności obliczeń, symulacji i projektu konstrukcyjnego.
11
Content available remote OpenBIM w praktyce – siedziba Wydziału Rzeźby ASP w Warszawie
12
Content available remote Construction similarity in the process of creating ordered construction families
EN
Purpose: Theory of construction similarity has its roots in the theory of physical similarity. The model in the theory of construction similarity is a model construction. Model in the theory of similarity of construction and technology is construction and technology standard. Design/methodology/approach: The fundamental aim of the work is the selection of design features in particular type sizes of series of types that allows obtaining physical, stereomechanical and simple states that are identical as in the model construction. The basic form of the record of series of construction types is program and relation parameterization. Features are determined for the items stored in the form of series of construction and technology types. Research limitations/implications: Analysed methods develop algorithmisation of engineers and technologists environment and support integration with the process of preparation the production. Practical implications: Described methods were being developed on practical examples of creating the series of types of hydraulic cylinders used in mining. Originality/value: Method of the constructional similarity, technological similarity presented in the paper are basis of selection of design features in the process of series of types and module systems of constructions and technology creating. All of these methods support intensive development of the types of technical features and affect on their competitive on the ready market.
13
Content available Projekt konstrukcyjny ramienia robota przemysłowego
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wirtualny i rzeczywisty model ramienia robota przemysłowego z chwytakiem. Podano założenia konstrukcyjne i parametry modelu. Ramię składa się z podstawy, dźwigarów, kiści oraz chwytaka. Jako elementów wykonawczych użyto silników DC z przekładniami ślimakowymi oraz serwomechanizmów.
EN
Article show real and virtual project of robot industrial shoulder with gripper. It presented project parameters and assumptions project. Shoulder is consist of base, girders, bunch and gripper. As an executive element they used DC engines with worm gears and servomechanisms.
PL
Wagon specjalny może być zastosowany do transportu kolejowego naczep i pojazdów typu TIR o masie 36 t i wysokości 4 m po skrajni GB1. Niska platforma podwozia umożliwia szybki i wygodny załadunek i rozładunek pojazdów (bez urządzeń dźwigowych). Metodyka badań numerycznych, modele MES używane w testach, analizach weryfikacyjnych oraz w badaniach symulacyjnych wagonu z obniżoną platformą obrotową i otrzymane wyniki mogą być wykorzystane w pracach badawczo-rozwojowych w zakresie projektowania i modernizacji takich konstrukcji w aspekcie przedłużenia ich resursu. Opracowana metodyka badań pozwala na wdrożenie jej zarówno na etapie projektowania, jak też przy badaniach już eksploatowanych lub remontowanych konstrukcji.
EN
Described are numerical test methodic, FEM models used in the tests, or in verification check out procedures, or in the low rotary loading platform railway truck simulation. The obtained results could be used in future development and research works within the scope of engineering design or engineering upgrade of similar structures in the aspect of extension of their resourcing.
PL
Projekt opisywanej kładki pieszo-rowerowej przewiduje jej lokalizację w ścisłym centrum Krakowa. Połączy ona ponad nurtem Wisły historyczną dzielnicę Kazimierz z leżącym na prawym brzegu rzeki Ludwinowem. Kładka zepnie Bulwar Inflancki (po stronie Kazimierza) z Bulwarem Wołyńskim, w pobliżu budynku byłego hotelu Forum. Jej usytuowanie w sąsiedztwie największych atrakcji turystycznych dawnej stolicy Polski - Wzgórza Wawelskiego, kościoła na Skałce oraz Kazimierza - podyktowało konieczność zaprojektowani a nietypowej, atrakcyjnie ukształtowanej architektonicznie konstrukcji.
PL
Konstrukcję dachu sali gimnastycznej zaprojektowano w postaci płaskich dźwigarów kratowych wykonanych ze stali 18G2A. Inwestor zlecił wykonanie weryfikacji zrealizowanej konstrukcji pod kątem możliwości dociążenia jej kurtynami wydzielającymi sektory oraz tablicami do koszykówki, które planowano podwiesić do dolnych pasów dżwigarów nośnych. Analiza zrealizowanej konstrukcji wykazała istnienie wielu istotnych błędów obejmujących w szczególności: niewłaściwie przyjęte w projekcie wymiary, niezgodność schematów statycznych z projektu w stosunku do schematów zrealizowanych, niewłaściwie przyjęte obciążenia i szereg innych. Ujawnione błędy stanowiły zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji.
EN
Flat truss girders made of S355J2G3 steel were designed as a roof structure of a gym hall. The client ordered to the independent consultant verification of the existing structure from the point of view of possible extra loading by the curtains hung to the lower cords of the girders as well basketball tables. During the process of verification several serious mistakes were found. The mistakes included dimensions of the structure, statical scheme for theoretical calculations versus real execution of the structure, load calculations and others. This led to the threat to the safety of the structure.
19
Content available remote Preliminary analysis of a innovative type of low pressure valves
EN
Purpose: Presentation and analysis of the innovative type of a direct operated low pressure relief valves. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper was presented a proposal of a improvement of a new low pressure relief valve. The advantages and disadvantages of this valve was estimated by numerical simulation with MATLAB/SIMULINK aid. Findings: Main advantages of presented relief valve are: high precision of the operating pressure and short time responses, the disadvantage of the modelled valve is the high value of the peak pressures. Research limitations/implications: The expected next stage of valve research is the experimental tests. For that purpose one should the prototype of valve build. Practical implications: Presented low pressure relief valve can be used in low pressure hydraulic system, for example for feeding of the hydrostatic or hydrodynamic bearings. Originality/value: Original value of this paper is a idea of low pressure relief valve.
RU
V stat’e opisano konstruktivnoe resenie sportivnogo kompleksa v g. Grodno. Konstrukcia pokrytia avlaetsa kombinirovannoj i sostoit iz strukturnoj plity i treugol’noj prostranstvennoj fermy, uzly kotoroj zaproektirovany s primeneniem balansirnogo sarnira. Techniceskaa nowizna dannoj razrabotki sostoit v vozmoznosti sobirat’ bol’seproletnuu konstrukciu na stroitel’noj plosadke bez primenenia svarki, vsegda obespecit’ sborku konstruktivnych elementov fermy, t.k. balansirnyj sarnir pozvolaet kompesirovat’ otklonienia v razmerach steranej konstrukcii za scet netocnosti izgotovlenia i temperaturnych deformacji. V stat’e opisany metodyki rasceta na progressiruuscee obrusenie, smodelirovany situacii progressiruuscego obusenia dla kombinirovannogo pokrytia SK v g. Grodno. Proveden analiz naprazenno-deformirovannogo sostoania konstrukcii pokrytia na stadii progressiruuscego obrusenia. Modelirovanie situacij progressiruuscego obrusenia ubeditel’no dokazyvaet nadeznuu rabotu sooruzenia na lubye kataklizmy technogennogo i prirodnogo charaktera i isklucaet situaciu progressiruuscego obrusenia. Provedennyj analiz dokazyvaet effektivnost’ primenenia bol’seproletnych kombinirovannych konstrukcij pokrytej dla zdanij lubych naznacenij.
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