In this article, an attempt is made to create new concepts, definitions as well as the levels and security pillars due to which it is possible to better explain the importance of threats resulting from cyberterrorism in various dimensions. The groundwork for my considerations is to include the quantitative and qualitative results from the comparative studies conducted both in the sphere of cyber war theory and its implementation. Moreover, the analysis of many special documents and professional literature is closely related to the advance of sophisticated information technology and its application in achieving political, economic and military purposes. The knowledge collected this way enabled the author to describe, explain and elaborate on the outline of changes in strategic concepts, legal acts as well as the procedures indispensable for preemptive actions connected with waging cyber war. In the opinion of the author, knowledge created this way will be mainly of future character. A hypothesis is proposed that a contemporary researcher should be a futurist possessing interdisciplinary knowledge and longterm experience on waging cyber war and thinking in the analytical and innovative way. A good example is a terrorist attack of 9/11, which dramatically enlarged our imagination and perception of the risk and threat even on the part of minor terrorist groups asymmetrically operating in the nonconventional way.
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę przedstawienia zarysu przyszłej strategii cyberwojny oraz określenia jej głównych poziomów i filarów, dzięki którym możliwe będzie lepsze wyjaśnienie nowych zagrożeń i ryzyka wynikających z cyberterroryzmu w jego różnych wymiarach. Rozważania autora ogniskują się wokół ilościowych i jakościowych wyników badań porównawczych prowadzonych zarówno w obszarze teorii, jak i praktyki ściśle związanych z cyberryzykiem, zagrożeniami i wojną. Analiza wielu raportów, studiów i materiałów oraz specjalistycznej literatury wskazuje, zdaniem autora, na ścisłe związki zachodzące pomiędzy wysoko zaawansowanymi technologiami informatycznymi a ich wykorzystaniem do realizacji celów politycznych, ekonomicznych i militarnych, w tym działań o charakterze terrorystycznym. Zgromadzona w ten sposób wiedza umożliwiła opis, wyjaśnienie i opracowanie zarysu zmian, jakie należy wprowadzić w strategicznych koncepcjach cyberwojny, aktach prawnych i procedurach niezbędnych do podejmowania działań związanych z jej przygotowaniem i prowadzeniem. W opinii autora, kreowana współcześnie wiedza będzie posiadała głównie walor futurystyczny zarówno w obszarze teorii, jak i praktycznych modeli i procedur oraz będzie opierała się na interdyscyplinarnej wiedzy, długoletnich doświadczeniach w prowadzeniu tego typu działań, a także futurystycznym myśleniu analitycznym i innowacyjnym. Dobrym przykładem jest tragiczny w skutkach atak terrorystyczny z 11 września, który w sposób dramatyczny poszerzył horyzonty naszej wyobraźni i percepcji postrzegania ryzyka i zagrożeń ze strony małych grup terrorystycznych przygotowanych do podejmowania działań asymetrycznych w sposób niekonwencjonalny nawet na terytorium USA.
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The author analyses armed forces as an instrument of the policy of the state that must face fundamental revisions, which influence the global political and military situation. Their tasks should be performed according to modern training systems based on professionalization. Having entered NATO and the European Union’s structures, Poland committed itself to undertake alliance and coalition tasks connected, among others, with peace making, stabilization missions after conflicts within the framework of crisis response and peace support operations. Changes should be made in military training and education so that the professional army can function effectively. The author compares the profession of a career soldier to a doctor or a teacher. He proves that all these areas need professional education and practice in order to meet the requirements of the service. Professional armed forces are an organization which involves a professional army fully prepared to conduct its tasks due to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. The Polish Armed Forces’ key task, as regards our integration with NATO, is to achieve a full capability to cooperate with other armed forces of the Alliance. The analysis to carry out changes in the armed forces shows that the current way of professionalization will help meet the expectations and military standards of the 21st century.
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The article evaluates financial possibilities of the Ministry of National Defence’s budget to implement the programme of professional army. In the introduction general assumptions relating to professional army are presented Next the schedule of work to be done in the course of introducing the professional army is outlined. Then Ministry of National Defence’s budget possibilities are analysed and forecast budget structure is presented. The final part of the article sums the most important aspects of the professional army and features main conclusions resulting from the article.
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The contemporary challenges and threats require that the structure and personnel composition of the Polish Armed Forces guarantee the readiness to execute constitutional functions and to fulfill the missions resulting from allied duties and international agreements even in time of peace. The basic area of changes is directly connected with the professionalization of the armed forces. There has emerged a possibility of suspending the existing forms of military service and replacing them with the voluntary service. Acting on the proposal of the Cabinet, the President of the Republic of Poland would decide on suspending the obligatory military service. The introduction of the professionalization should ensure: the fulfillment of social expectations concerning the abolishment of obligatory military service; increased readiness of military units to react immediately against a crisis threat and to use them abroad; increased potential of military units to be used in crisis management operations countering non-military threats; professional use of modern armament and complicated military equipment; increased effectiveness of training and executing the tasks by military units; ensuring the stabilization of the structure of the Polish Armed Forces and conditions of military service for the reserve soldiers in further perspective. The introduction of professionalization requires above all a completion of the legislation process and passing the legislative changes as well as annual allocation of the essential budget resources.
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